CITIES OF 10,000 POPULATION AND OVER.

Inquiries were sent to health officers in the 599 cities having a population of 10,000 and over according to the census of 1910.1 No response was received from 44 cities. Of the 555 city health departments replying, 134 reported no work of any character by the departments having a direct bearing on the problem of infant welfare; 255, no infant-welfare work with the exception of city inspection of the milk supply.

The private agencies addressed numbered 448, all of which, with the exception of a few added in the course of the inquiry, were included in the lists supplied to the Children's Bureau. Repeated requests failed to bring responses from 28 of these agencies.

CITY BUREAUS OR DIVISIONS OF CHILD HYGIENE.

Replies from 20 cities reported distinct divisions or bureaus of child hygiene as branches of the city health departments and supplied the information shown in the accompanying table:

TABLE I-Cities having divisions or bureaus of child hygiene as branches of the city health departments.

1 A subdepartment of the Division of Medical Inspection and Relief.

* Work outlined by the infant-welfare committee of the board of health.

a Chiefly employed in regulation and improvement of boarding homes for children.

As noted in the table, New York was the first city to establish a

separate division of child-welfare work. Detroit was the second city to take this step. Of the eight largest cities in the United States only two-Baltimore and St. Louis-have failed to create a division

1 In addition the inquiry included South Orange, N. J., with less than 10,000 population, on account of its relation to the general infant-welfare work of the Oranges.

1 See p. 7.

specializing in this work. Of the 42 cities in the 100,000 to 500,000 class, 12 have divisions or bureaus of child hygiene; of the 59 cities in the 50,000 to 100,000 class only 1 has such a division; of the 120 cities in the 25,000 to 50,000 class no city has such a division; and of the 372 cities in the 10,000 to 25,000 class only 1 has a division.

DIRECTORY OF INFANT-WELFARE AGENCIES.

The information secured from cities of 10,000 population and over is summarized in General Table 1, as a directory of municipal and private agencies, under the following headings: Infant-welfare stations; instruction by nurses not connected with infant-welfare stations who visit mothers in their own homes and give advice on the care of the baby, home modification of milk, etc.; prenatal work; Little Mothers' Leagues or classes for instructing young girls in infant hygiene; work by nurses for prevention of infant blindness; and city inspection of milk supply. A summary of this table, showing the distribution of certain phases of the work in different parts of the country, is presented in Table II.

Nurses.

3