Fundamentals Of Aquatic Toxicology: Effects, Environmental Fate And Risk AssessmentGary M. Rand CRC Press, 1995 M10 5 - 1125 pages This text is divided into three parts. The first part describes basic toxicological concepts and methodologies used in aquatic toxicity testing, including the philosophies underlying testing strategies now required to meet and support regulatory standards. The second part of the book discusses various factors that affect transport, transformation, ultimate distribution, and accumulation of chemicals in the aquatic environment, along with the use of modelling to predict fate.; The final section of the book reviews types of effects or endpoints evaluated in field studies and the use of structure-activity relationships in aquatic toxicology to predict biological activity and physio-chemical properties of a chemical. This section also contains an extensive background of environmental legislation in the USA and within the European Community, and an introduction to hazard/risk assessment with case studies. |
Contents
CHAPTER | 1 |
The Aquatic Environment | 2 |
The Aquatic Environment | 8 |
CHAPTER | 15 |
Factors that Affect the Environmental Concentration of Chemicals | 16 |
ExposureEffects | 19 |
Toxic Agents and Their Effects | 23 |
Examination of ConcentrationResponse Relationships | 28 |
The Mass Balance Concept | 571 |
An Illustrative OneCompartment Case Study | 580 |
PART I | 584 |
Supplemental Reading | 586 |
Functional End Points | 589 |
Screening Functional End Points for Assessment and Monitoring | 599 |
CHAPTER 2 | 603 |
Supplemental Reading | 607 |
USA Publishing Office Taylor Francis | 29 |
Toxicity Testing | 34 |
CHAPTER 11 | 43 |
Interpreting Toxicity Test Data | 44 |
Biomonitoring | 54 |
Supplemental Reading | 66 |
Freshwater Toxicity Test Procedures | 72 |
General Procedures | 82 |
Factors that Modify Toxicity | 94 |
Saltwater Tests | 103 |
Developing Community Tests | 126 |
Vascular Plants | 148 |
Representative Phytotoxicity Data | 158 |
CHAPTER 5 | 171 |
Laminaria Saccharina | 180 |
Sea Urchin Sperm Cell Test | 189 |
Literature Cited | 204 |
FETAX Methodology | 215 |
Data Analysis and Interpretation | 224 |
Methodology | 237 |
Literature Cited | 251 |
Supplemental Reading | 255 |
Simulated Field Studies | 267 |
16 | 288 |
Conclusions | 295 |
34 | 298 |
56 | 305 |
CHAPTER 10 | 307 |
Nonparametric Techniques | 328 |
Methods Commonly Used for the Discrete Random Variable | 335 |
Appendices | 341 |
Good Laboratory Practices | 345 |
QAQC Program Designs | 360 |
Fish ImmunologyDefensive Responses | 374 |
ImmunotoxicologyEffects of Classes of Toxicants | 391 |
Summary Conclusions and Future Research | 398 |
In Situ Environmental Genotoxicity Studies with Aquatic Species | 412 |
Use of Small Fish to Detect Chemical Carcinogens | 427 |
Summary | 441 |
Transport and Transformation Processes | 449 |
Inorganic Chemicals | 471 |
Organometallics | 487 |
Literature Cited | 488 |
Terminology | 494 |
Predictive Models and Experimental Approaches | 507 |
Conclusions and Future Directions | 515 |
Supplemental Reading | 521 |
Activated Oxygen Metabolism and Oxidative Stress | 538 |
Metal Metabolism and Toxicity | 545 |
Summary | 553 |
Supplemental Reading | 561 |
Fate Modeling | 563 |
Introduction | 609 |
Historical Background | 613 |
Use of QSAR Models for Estimation of Physicochemical and Biological Properties Exposure Assessment | 624 |
Use of QSAR Models for Ecotoxicity Effects Assessment | 630 |
Summary of QSAR Models for Ecotoxicity | 642 |
Freshwater Toxicity Test Procedures | 654 |
Environmental Legislation | 657 |
Risk Assessment under FIFRA | 663 |
CHAPTER 22 | 669 |
The Chemical Industrys Development of Aquatic Toxicity Bioconcentration and Chemical | 680 |
Literature Cited | 698 |
Ecotoxicity Testing and Estimation Methods Developed under Section 5 of the Toxic | 703 |
QSAR Development | 709 |
CHAPTER 24 | 715 |
Effects Environmental Fate and Risk Assessment | 725 |
Emerging Activities | 731 |
FDAs Implementation of the National Environmental Policy Act | 735 |
Pertinent NEPA Legal Issues | 742 |
Literature Cited | 762 |
Other OECD Chemicals Programme Activities | 769 |
CHAPTER 27 | 775 |
Structure of the European Community with Regard to Environmental Legislation | 782 |
Environmental Legislation in View of the Basic Principles of Environmental Impact Assessment | 792 |
Outlook | 801 |
Introduction to Ecological Risk Assessment for Aquatic Toxic Effects | 803 |
Quantitative Methods of Risk Characterization | 813 |
Supplemental Reading | 816 |
Planning the Assessment | 823 |
Supplemental Reading | 825 |
Risk Assessment Approach | 837 |
Literature Cited | 855 |
Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate LAS | 859 |
Reprinted 2003 | 860 |
Risk Assessment | 867 |
Risk Assessment | 870 |
Summary | 880 |
Exposure Assessment | 894 |
Risk Evaluation 900 | 915 |
The Toxicity Identification Evaluation Process | 918 |
Sediments | 931 |
General Procedures | 933 |
Literature Cited | 936 |
Appendix | 947 |
Taylor Francis Ltd is an imprint of the Taylor Francis Group | 982 |
The views represented in this book are solely the views of the individual authors and do not reflect those | 987 |
Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data | 989 |
Factors that Modify Toxicity | 1012 |
Variability of Test Results | 1044 |
74 | 1070 |
| 1095 | |
| 1099 | |
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Fundamentals Of Aquatic Toxicology: Effects, Environmental Fate And Risk ... Gary M. Rand Limited preview - 1995 |
Fundamentals Of Aquatic Toxicology: Effects, Environmental Fate And Risk ... Gary M. Rand Limited preview - 2020 |
Fundamentals Of Aquatic Toxicology: Effects, Environmental Fate And Risk ... Gary M. Rand Limited preview - 1995 |
Common terms and phrases
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