Scientific Integrity and Public Trust: The Science Behind Federal Policies and Mandates : Case Study 2--climate Models and Projections of Potential Impacts of Global Climate Change : Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Energy and Environment of the Committee on Science, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session, November 16, 1995, Volume 4U.S. Government Printing Office, 1996 - 1190 pages |
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Page 10
... mean temperature between 1.8 and 6.3 degrees Fahrenheit by 2100.4 FACTORS LIMITING THE ACCURACY OF MODELS ' ESTIMATES General circulation models ' estimates of future climatic changes are considerably better than they were a decade ago ...
... mean temperature between 1.8 and 6.3 degrees Fahrenheit by 2100.4 FACTORS LIMITING THE ACCURACY OF MODELS ' ESTIMATES General circulation models ' estimates of future climatic changes are considerably better than they were a decade ago ...
Page 11
... mean that there is no deer , the bet is off the bocks . amate a nine out of ten chance that Je range predicted . wo out of three chance . When I label something uncertain , I mean that there.
... mean that there is no deer , the bet is off the bocks . amate a nine out of ten chance that Je range predicted . wo out of three chance . When I label something uncertain , I mean that there.
Page 11
... mean that there is a plau- sible effect but it lacks appropriate scientific evidence . Essentially I set the odds ... mean surface warming : very probable . For the mid- dle of the next century , global - mean surface warming is ...
... mean that there is a plau- sible effect but it lacks appropriate scientific evidence . Essentially I set the odds ... mean surface warming : very probable . For the mid- dle of the next century , global - mean surface warming is ...
Page 12
... mean that there is no plausible alternative . In effect , the bet is off the books . Very probable means I estimate a nine out of ten chance that this will happen within the range predicted . Probable implies about a two out of three ...
... mean that there is no plausible alternative . In effect , the bet is off the books . Very probable means I estimate a nine out of ten chance that this will happen within the range predicted . Probable implies about a two out of three ...
Page 13
... mean that there is a plau- sible effect but it lacks appropriate scientific evidence . Essentially I set the odds ... mean surface warming : very probable . For the mid- dle of the next century , global - mean surface warming is ...
... mean that there is a plau- sible effect but it lacks appropriate scientific evidence . Essentially I set the odds ... mean surface warming : very probable . For the mid- dle of the next century , global - mean surface warming is ...
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adaptation aerosols AGBM agencies agriculture analysis anthropogenic areas atmosphere biomass carbon dioxide century Chairman climate models climate system CO₂ emissions coastal communications concentrations Convention costs Dana Rohrabacher decades developing countries economic ecosystems effects emission reduction energy efficiency environmental estimates expected factors forestry forests fossil fuel future gases Gigagrams Global Change Research global climate models global warming greenhouse gas emissions impacts implementation important improved increase industrial inventory IPCC IPCC Working Group issue land methane mitigation natural NIERENBERG ocean OECD options Panel Parties period policies and measures population potential predictions production projected radiative forcing range reduce regional response ROHRABACHER SBSTA scenarios Science scientific scientists sea level rise Second Assessment Report secretariat sector simulations sources studies Summary for Policymakers surface technical technologies temperature uncertainties understanding United USGCRP variability vulnerability weather
Popular passages
Page 705 - The ultimate objective of the FCCC, as expressed in Article 2 is: "... stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.
Page 374 - Climate change' means a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods.
Page 374 - To achieve this, such policies and measures should take into account different socio-economic contexts, be comprehensive, cover all relevant sources, sinks and reservoirs of greenhouse gases and adaptation, and comprise all economic sectors. Efforts to address climate change may be carried out cooperatively by interested Parties.
Page 351 - Our ability to quantify the human influence on global climate is currently limited because the expected signal is still emerging from the noise of natural variability, and because there are uncertainties in key factors. These include the magnitude and patterns of longterm...
Page 725 - Affirming that responses to climate change should be coordinated with social and economic development in an integrated manner with a view to avoiding adverse impacts on the latter, taking into full account the legitimate priority needs of developing countries for the achievement of sustained economic growth and the eradication of poverty...
Page 711 - desertification' means land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities...
Page 236 - Department of Defense Department of Energy Department of Health and Human Services...
Page 175 - State; the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, and the...
Page 351 - Nevertheless, the balance of evidence suggests that there is a discernible human influence on global climate
Page 708 - In all cases the average rate of warming would probably be greater than any seen in the last 10,000 years, but the actual annual to decadal changes would include considerable natural variability. Regional temperature changes could differ substantially from the global mean value.