1 For period of record through 1976; city office data. Source: U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Comparative Climatic Data, annual. No. 369. NORMAL MONTHLY AND SEASONAL HEATING DEGREE DAYS, 65° BASE-SELECTED CITIES (Airport data, except as noted. Based on standard 30-year period, 1951 through 1980. For definition of "degree day," see text, p. 190] - Represents zero City office data. Source: U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Climatography of the United States, No. 81, Sept. 1982. No. 370. NORMAL MONTHLY AND SEASONAL COOLING DEGREE DAYS, 65° BASE-SELECTED CITIES (Airport data, except as noted. Based on standard 30-year period, 1951 through 1980. For definition of "degree day,” see text, p. 190) Seasonal OH. 230 1,159 Cleveland 3 111 213 178 612 Columbus .... 175 273 235 102 862 Oklahoma City 360 1,914 OR...... Portland ..... 43 332 PA.......... Philadelphia 202 357 319 129 1,075 Pittsburgh .... 186 74 645 Providence 85 235 195 49 574 Columbia ... 223 381 496 471 297 2,033 SD.. Sioux Falls 154 293 226 749 Memphis 211 2,067 Nashville. 151 328 446 1,661 ТУ Dallas-Fort Worth.. 275 510 660 636 408 2,809 El Paso 474 543 474 273 2,096 Houston... 307 561 2,761 Salt Lake City ...... 152 981 Burlington... 61 379 Norfolk.... 282 1,458 Richmond 258 1,336 WA..... Seattle-Tacoma..... 25 70 19 41 411 WV.... Charleston... 295 270 1,007 WI ....... Milwaukee 182 470 WY........ Cheyenne.......... .. . . 145 309 PR.............. San Juan ......... 357 325 388 414 474 533 507 508 438 394 5,366 - Represents zero City office data. Source: U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Climatography of the United States, No. 81, Sept. 1982. 1p 3»F? Section 8 I Parks and Recreation This section presents statistics on national parks and forests, State parks, recreational activities, the arts and humanities, and domestic and foreign travel. Parks and recreation.—The Department of the Interior has responsibility for administering the national parks. As part of this function, it compiles data and issues various reports relating to the usage of public parks for recreation purposes. The National Park Service publishes information on visits to national park areas in its annual report, National Park Statistical Abstract; the Index-National Park System and Related Areas, a biannual report, presents data on acreage in public parks; and its National Parks and Landmarks gives brief descriptions of each area administered by the Service and also covers sites eligible for registry as natural or national historic landmarks and nonfederally owned national historic sites. The National Park Service is also responsible for the administration of the Land and Water Conservation Fund, the Urban Park and Recreation program and several other outdoor recreation programs which were administered by the Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service until its abolishment in 1981. Statistics for State parks are compiled by the National Association of State Park Directors which issues its annual Information Exchange. The Bureau of Land Management, in its Public Land Statistics, also issues data on recreational use of its lands. The Department of Agriculture's Forest Service, in its Report of the Forest Service, issues data on recreational uses of the national forests. Statistics on recreation other than usage of public lands have not generally been compiled and published in a systematic way. In general, more data are available in the files of public and private bodies than have been published; and much of what is published is in forms not physically permanent nor likely to be preserved in libraries and other reference sources. The series presented here represent only the more readily available data. Visitation.—Statistics presented on visitation to various recreation areas are collected by several different agencies and groups. The methodology used to collect these results, may vary accordingly from visual counts and estimates to the use of electromagnetic traffic counters. Many factors besides the methodology, may affect the results such as multiple or random access points, irregular boundaries, and many other general factors that may affect usage. In using and comparing these data, one should also be aware of several different definitions that follow: Recreation visit, which is the entry of any person into an area for recreation purposes; nonrecreation visits, which include visits going to and from inholdings, through traffic, tradespeople and personnel with business in the area; and visitor hour, which constitutes the presence of a person in a recreation area or site for recreational purposes for periods of time aggregating 60 minutes. Recreation and Leisure Activities.—Statistics on the participation in various recreation and leisure time activities presented here are based on several sample surveys. Data on participation in fishing, hunting, and other forms of wildlife-associated recreation are published every five years by the U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. The most recent data are from the 1980 survey. Data on participation in various outdoor recreation activities are published by the National Park Service (1983 figures are the most recent). Data on the attendance at various art performances by demographic characteristics are presented for the first time by the National Endowment for the Arts. Travel.—Data on the volume and characteristics of domestic travel are collected and published by the Bureau of the Census as part of its Census of Transportation earned out every 5 years. The most recent data now available are from the 1977 census. Data on household transportation are published by the U.S. Energy Information Administration and appear in Section 22. Information on foreign travel and personal expenditures abroad, as well as expenditures by foreign citizens traveling in the United States, is compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis and published in selected issues of the monthly Survey of Current Business. Data on the number of passports issued annually to U.S. citizens are to be found in the annual Summary of Passport Statistics issued by the U.S. Dept. of State's Bureau of Consular Affairs. Statistics on arrivals to and departures from the United States by air are reported by the Department of Transportation in cooperation with the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service in International Air Travel Statistics. Historical statistics.—Tabular headnotes provide cross-references, where applicable, to Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970. See Appendix I. |