(c) The requirements of this section shall not apply to any individual slaughtering in accordance with the requirements of any established religious faith.

SEC. Any person who by any act or omission violates any provision of section 2 or section 3 shall be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000, or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or both.

SEC. 4. (a) The Secretary shall promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry this Act into effect.

(b) The Secretary shall appoint an advisory committee composed of four members, of whom one shall be an officer or employee of the Department of Agriculture designated by the Secretary, one shall be chosen from slaughterers, one shall be a representative of the organized trade-union movement engaged in packinghouse work, and one shall be an officer of the National Humane Society or the American Humane Association. Such committee shall advise the Secretary concerning questions arising in the administration of this Act. The member who is an officer or employee of the Department of Agriculture shall receive no additional compensation for service rendered under this Act. Other members shall be reimbursed for actual expenses incurred in this service, as the Secretary shall prescribe.

SEC. 5. This Act shall take effect on the date two years after the date of enactment of this Act. Upon a showing of good cause and upon the recommendation of the committee established under section 4, the Secretary may by order exempt any person from compliance with any provision of this Act for any such period of time, not exceeding five years after enactment, as the Secretary shall determine to be reasonable.

[H. R. 2880, 85th Cong., 1st sess.]

A RILL To require the use of humane methods in the slaughter of livestock and poultry in interstate or foreign commerce, and for other purposes

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That, as used in this Act

(a) The term "commerce" means commerce (1) among the several States or with foreign nations, (2) in any Territory of the United States or in the District of Columbia, (3) between any such Territory and another, (4) between any such Territory and any State or foreign nation, or (5) between the District of Columbia and any State, Territory, or foreign nation;

(b) The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture;

(c) The term "person" means any individual, partnership, corporation, association;

(d) The term "slaughterer" means any person regularly engaged in the business of (1) purchasing livestock or poultry in commerce for purposes of slaughter or (2) slaughtering livestock or poultry for the sale in commerce of meat, meat products, poultry, or poultry products;

(e) The term "livestock" means cattle, sheep, swine, and any other animal susceptible of use for the preparation of meat or meat products; and

(f) The terms "packer" and "stockyard" shall have the same meaning as when used in the Packers and Stockyards Act (7 U. S. C. 191, 202).

SEC. 2. (a) No slaughterer shall hoist, cut, scald, skin, bleed or slaughter any livestock unless such livestock has first been rendered insensible by mechanical, electrical, chemical, or other means determined by the Secretary to be rapid, effective, and humane.

(b) No slaughterer shall bleed or slaughter any poultry unless such poultry has first been rendered insensible by the severing of the head from the body, or by any electrical or other means determined by the Secretary to be rapid, effective, and humane.

(c) The requirements of this section shall not apply to any individual slaughtering in accordance with the requirements of any established religious faith. SEC. 3. Any person who by any act or omission violates any provision of section 2 or section 3 shall be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000, or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or both.

SEC. 4. (a) The Secretary shall promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry this Act into effect.

(b) The Secretary shall appoint an advisory committee composed of four members, of whom one shall be an officer or employee of the Department of Agriculture designated by the Secretary, one shall be chosen from slaughterers, one shall be a representative of the organized trade-union movement engaged in packinghouse work, and one shall be an officer of the National Humane Society or the American Humane Association. Such committee shall advise the Secretary concerning questions arising in the administration of this Act. The member who is an officer or employee of the Department of Agriculture shall receive no additional compensation for service rendered under this Act. Other members shall be reimbursed for actual expenses incurred in this service, as the Secretary shall prescribe.

SEC. 5. This Act shall take effect on the date two years after the date of enactment of this Act. Upon a showing of good cause and upon the recommendation of the committee established under section 4, the Secretary may by order exempt any person from compliance with any provision of this Act for any such period of time, not exceeding five years after enactment, as the Secretary shall determine to be reasonable.

[H. R. 3029, 85th Cong., 1st sess.]

A BILL To require the use of humane methods in the slaughter of livestock and poultry in interstate or foreign commerce and for other purposes

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That, as used in this Act

(a) The term "commerce" means commerce (1) among the several States or with foreign nations, (2) in any Territory of the United States or in the District of Columbia, (3) between any such Territory and another, (4) between any such Territory and any State or foreign nation, or (5) between the District of -Columbia and any State, Territory, or foreign nation;

(b) The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture;

(c) The term "person" means any individual, partnership, corporation, or association;

(d) The term "slaughterer" means any person regularly engaged in the business of (1) purchasing livestock or poultry in commerce for purposes of slaughter or (2) slaughtering livestock or poultry for the sale in commerce of meat, meat products, poultry or poultry products;

(e) The term "livestock" means cattle, sheep, swine, horses, and other animals susceptible of use for the preparation of meat or meat products;

(f) The terms "packer" and "stockyard" shall have the same meaning as when used in the Packers and Stockyards Act (7 U. S. C. 191, 202);

(g) The term "approved method" of slaughtering shall mean any of the following:

(1) In the case of livestock, rendering such livestock insensible before bleeding or slaughtering, by mechanical, electrical, chemical, or other means determined by the Secretary to be rapid, effective, and humane;

(2) In the case of poultry, instantaneous severing of the head from the body or, if poultry is otherwise cut or stuck by first rendering such poultry insensible by mechanical, electrical, chemical, or other means determined by the Secretary to be rapid, effective, and humane;

(3) Slaughtering in accordance with the requirements of any religious faith. SEC. 2. (a) Livestock and poultry shall be slaughtered by an approved method. (b) Livestock and poultry shall not be shackled, hoisted, cast, or otherwise brought into position for slaughter by any method that causes pain to the animals or fowl.

SEC. 3. Any person who by any act or omission violates any provision of section 2 shall be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000, or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or both.

SEC. 4. The Secretary shall promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry this Act into effect.

SEC. 5. This Act shall take effect on the date two years after the date of enactment. Upon a showing of good cause the Secretary may by order exempt any person from compliance with any provision of this Act for an additional period not to exceed one year.

[H. R. 3049, 85th Cong., 1st sess.]

A BILL To require the use of humane methods in the slaughter of livestock and poultry in interstate or foreign commerce, and for other purposes

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That, as used in this Act—

(a) The term "commerce" means commerce (1) among the several States or with foreign nations, (2) in any Territory of the United States or in the District of Columbia, (3) between any such Territory and another, (4) between any such Territory and any State or foreign nation, or (5) between the District of Columbia and any State, Territory, or foreign nation;

(b) The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture;

(c) The term "person" means any individual, partnership, corporation, or association;

(d) The term "slaughterer" means any person regularly engaged in the business of (1) purchasing livestock or poultry in commerce for purposes of slaughter or (2) slaughtering livestock or poultry for the sale in commerce of meat, meat products, poultry, or poultry products; and

(e) The term "livestock" means cattle, sheep, swine, and any other animal susceptible of use for the preparation of meat or meat products.

SEC. 2. That the Congress finds that the use of humane methods in the slaughter of livestock and poultry prevents needless suffering; results in safer and better working conditions for persons engaged in the slaughtering industry; brings about improvement of products and economy in slaughtering operations; and produces other benefits for producers, processors, and consumers which tend to increase the orderly flow of livestock and poultry and their products in interstate and foreign commerce. It is therefore declared to be the policy of Congress that livestock and poultry shall hereafter be slaughtered only by humane methods.

SEC. 3. No slaughterer shall bleed or slaughter any livestock or poultry except by a humane method of slaughtering.

The term "humane method of slaughtering" shall mean either of the following:

(a) In the case of livestock, the rendering insensible of such livestock before bleeding or slaughtering, by mechanical, electrical, chemical, or other means determined by the Secretary to be rapid, effective, and humane.

(b) In the case of poultry, the rendering insensible of such poultry, before bleeding or slaughtering, by the severing of the head from the body, or by any electrical or other means determined by the Secretary to be rapid, effective, and humane: Provided, however, That nothing in this Act shall prohibit slaughtering in accordance with the practices and requirements of the Jewish religious faith by a qualified slaughterer, commonly called a shohet, authorized to engage in such slaughtering by an ordained rabbi of the Jewish religious faith.

SEC. 4. Shackling, hoisting, or otherwise bringing livestock and poultry into position for slaughter by any method that causes injury or pain is prohibited. SEC. 5. Any person who by any act or omission violates any provision of seetion 2, section 3, or section 4, shall be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000 or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or both.

SEC. 6. The Secretary shall promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry this Act into effect.

SEC. 7. This Act shall take effect on the date two years after the date of enactment of this Act. Upon a showing of good cause, the Secretary may by order exempt any person from compliance with any provision of this Act for such period of time as the Secretary shall determine to be reasonable, not to exceed one year, or, when extensive construction is required to comply with the provisions of the law in the use of certain methods of producing unconsciousness in livestock and poultry, not to exceed two years.

[H. R. 5671, 85th Cong., 1st sess.]

A BILL To require the use of humane methods in the slaughter of livestock and poultry in interstate or foreign commerce and for other purposes

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That, as used in this Act

(a) The term "commerce" means commerce (1) among the several States or with foreign nations, (2) in any territory of the United States or in the District

of Columbia, (3) between any such Territory and another, (4) between any such Territory and any State or foreign nation, or (5) between the District of Columbia and any State, Territory, or foreign nation;

(b) The term "secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture;

(c) The term "person" means any individual, partnership, corporation, or association;

(d) The term "slaughterer" means any person regularly engaged in the business of (1) purchasing livestock or poultry in commerce for purposes of slaughter or (2) slaughtering livestock or poultry for the sale in commerce of meat, meat products, poultry or poultry products;

(e) The term "livestock" means cattle, sheep, swine, horses, and other animals susceptible of use for the preparation of meat or meat products;

(f) The terms "packer" and "stockyard" shall have the same meaning as when used in the Packers and Stockyards Act (7 U. S. C. 191, 202):

(g) The term "approved method" of slaughtering shall mean any of the following:

(1) In the case of livestock, rendering such livestock insensible before bleeding or slaughtering, by mechanical, electrical, chemical, or other means determined by the Secretary to be rapid, effective, and humane;

(2) In the case of poultry, instantaneous severing of the head from the body or, if poultry is otherwise cut or stuck by first rendering such poultry insensible by mechanical, electrical, chemical, or other means determined by the Secretary to be rapid, effective, and humane;

(3) Slaughtering in accordance with the requirements of any religious faith. SEC. 2. (a) Livestock and poultry shall be slaughtered by an approved method. (b) Livestock and poultry shall not be shackled, hoisted, cast, or otherwise brought into position for slaughter by any method that causes pain to the animals or fowl.

SEC. 3. Any person who by any act or omission violates any provision of section 2 shall be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000, or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or both.

SEC. 4. The Secretary shall promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry this Act into effect.

SEC. 5. This Act shall take effect on the date two years after the date of enactment. Upon a showing of good cause the Secretary may by order exempt any person from compliance with any provision of this Act for an additional period not to exceed one year.

[H. R. 5820, 85th Cong., 1st sess.]

A BILL To promote the development and use of improved methods for the humane handling, transporting, and slaughtering of livestock and poultry in interstate and foreign

commerce

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the Congress finds that the use of humane methods in the handling, transporting, and slaughtering of livestock and poultry prevents needless suffering; brings about improvement of products; and produces other benefits for producers, processors, and consumers which tend to expedite the orderly flow of livestock and poultry and their products in interstate and foreign commerce. It is therefore declared to be the policy of Congress to provide for study and research to develop improved methods of handling, transporting, and slaughtering, and to encourage acceptance and use of such methods to the end that livestock and poultry shall be handled, transported, and slaughtered only by humane methods.

SEC. 2. The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to conduct, assist, and foster research, investigation, and experimentation to develop and to encourage the adoption of improved methods of handling, transporting, and slaughtering livestock and poultry.

SEC. 3. To assist in implementing the provisions of section 2, the Secretary is authorized to establish an advisory committee. The functions of the advisory committee shall be to consult with the Secretary and other appropriate officials of the Department of Agriculture and to make recommendations relative to (a) the research authorized in section 2; and (b) obtaining the cooperation of the public, producers, farm organizations, industry groups, humane associations, and Federal and State agencies in the furtherance of such research and the

adoption of improved methods. The chairman of the committee shall be an official of the Department of Agriculture designated by the Secretary. The committee shall consist of not more than eight members other than the chairman and shall be appointed by the Secretary and shall include representatives of (a) the public, including groups concerned with humane handling of animals, (b) producer and industry groups, and (c) scientific and professional groups. The committee shall meet at the call of the Secretary or his designee. Committee members other than the chairman shall not be deemed to be employees of the United States and are not entitled to compensation, but the Secretary is authorized to allow their travel and subsistence expenses necessary in connection with their attendance at meetings called by him or his designee for the purpose of this section.

SEC. 4. The Secretary of Agriculture shall report to the Congress on January 1, 1959, and annually thereafter concerning actions taken pursuant to this Act. SEC. 5. There are hereby authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act.

[H. R. 6422, 85th Cong., 1st sess.]

A BILL To require the use of humane methods in the slaughter of livestock and poultry in interstate or foreign commerce and for other purposes

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That, as used in this Act

(a) The term "commerce" means commerce (1) among the several States or with foreign nations, (2) in any Territory of the United States or in the District of Columbia, (3) between any such Territory and another, (4) between any such Territory and any State or foreign nation, or (5) between the District of Columbia and any State, Territory, or foreign nation;

(b) The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture;

(c) The term "person" means any individual, partnership, corporation, or association;

(d) The term "slaughterer" means any person regularly engaged in the business of (1) purchasing livestock or poultry in commerce for purposes of slaughter or (2) slaughtering livestock or poultry for the sale in commerce of meat, meat products, poultry, or poultry products;

(e) The term "livestock" means cattle, sheep, swine, horses, and other animals susceptible of use for the preparation of meat or meat products;

(f) The terms "packer" and "stockyard” shall have the same meaning as when used in the Packers and Stockyards Act (7 U. S. C. 191, 202);

(g) The term "approved method" of slaughtering shall mean any of the following:

(1) In the case of livestock, rendering such livestock insensible before bleeding or slaughtering, by mechanical, electrical, chemical, or other means determined by the Secretary to be rapid, effective, and humane;

(2) In the case of poultry, instantaneous severing of the head from the body or, if poultry is otherwise cut or stuck, by first rendering such poultry, insensible by mechanical, electrical, chemical, or other means determined by the Secretary to be rapid, effective, and humane;

(3) Slaughtering in accordance with the requirements of any religious faith. SEC. 2. (a) Livestock and poultry shall be slaughtered by an approved method. (b) Livestock and poultry shall not be shackled, hoisted, cast, or otherwise brought into position for slaughter by any method that causes pain to the animals or fowl.

SEC. 3. Any person who by any act or omission violates any provision of section 2 shall be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000, or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or both.

SEC. 4. The Secretary shall promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry this Act into effect.

SEC. 5. This Act shall take effect on the date two years after the date of enactment. Upon a showing of good cause the Secretary may by order exempt any person from compliance with any provision of this Act for an additional period not to exceed one year.