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969, June 22, 1912, p. 1445. Refers to work of Kinghorn and Yorke which showed that the wild game of Northern Rhodesia harbored T. rhodesiense which is closely related to T. gambiense, possible only a strain of the latter. It is carried by G. morsitans. Discusses the possibility of destroying the game or the flies, both of which seem impracticable but which as yet are the most feasible things suggested for making the infected regions safe.

Reports of the sleeping sickness Commission of the Royal Society. No. 12, 1912, H. M. Stationery Office. Sixteen articles on the results of work of this commission The transmission of trypanosomes. Slp. Sick. Bull., No. 35, March 7, 1912, pp 117-118. Considerable evidence which indicates that they may be transmitted by Tabanus, Hæmatopota, Stomoxys, Pangonia and Lyperosia.

RATS, SQUIRRELS, FLEAS, PLAGUE

BLUE, RUPERT. Anti-rat ordinances of San Francisco, Cal. Pub. Health Rpts. Vol. 27, No. 33, August 16, 1912, pp. 1319-1329. Texts of various ordinances. BRADDOCK, C. S. (JR.). Bubonic plague seen at close range in the far East. Some random notes. N. Y. Med. Jour. Vol. 96, No. 9, August 31, 1912, pp. 419-420 Infected rat fleas passed to dogs and thence to children causing many deaths.

VON EDZDORF, R. H. The occurrence of plague in Habana and the measures adopted for its control and eradication. U. S. Pub. Health Rep. Vol. 27, No. 42. October 18, 1912, pp. 1697-1702. A slight outbreak of plague between July and September, 1912, was controlled by strict quarantine and a well organized fight against

rats.

Fox, C. Some common Siphonaptera of Philippine Islands. Phil. Jour Sei 7, No. 2, April, 1912.

GUITERAS, JUAN. Three cases of bubonic plague in Havana. Jour. Amer. Med Assn. Vol. 59, No. 20, November 16, 1912, pp. 1780-1784. Points out the advantage of letting the public know the true condition of affairs, then their help can be depended upon.

KING, HOWARD D. Plague-the menace of the United States of America. Jour Amer. Med. Assn. Vol. 59, July 17, 1912, pp. 237–242. Points out the present danger and the part that rats and other rodents might take in the introduction of plague from some of our southern neighbors.

LONG, JNO. D. A squirrel destructor. An efficient and economical method of destroying ground squirrels. U. S. Pub. Health Rep. Vol. 27, No. 39, September 27, 1912, pp. 1594-1596. Carbon bisulphide vapor is pumped into the hole by a speci ally devised pump.

McCoy, Geo. W. AND CHAPIN, CHAS. W. Studies of plague, a plague-like disease. and tuberculosis among rodents in California. Pub. Health Bul. No. 53, January, 1912, pp. 1-25. Six papers dealing with these subjects are brought together in this bulletin.

McCoy, GEO. W. Notes on the bionomies of rats and ground squirrels. Pub Health Rpts. Vol. 27, No. 27, July 5, 1912, pp. 1068 1072. Breeding and feeding in captivity.

McCoy, G. W. AND CHAPIN, C. W. Further observations on a plague-like disease of rodents with a preliminary note on the causative agent, Bacterium tulareum. Jour. Infec. Dis. 10, No. 1, January, 1912. Have demonstrated that fleas may transmit the disease among squirrels.

NICOLL, WILLIAM. On the length of life of rat flea apart from its host. Brit. Mol. Jour. October 12 26, 1912, pp. 926 928, 1097 1098. Average length of life of C.

fasciatus apart from its host is under 7 days. Larval and pupal stages may be prolonged for several months under certain conditions.

PREBLE, PAUL. The tarbagan (Arctomys bobac) and plague. Pub. Health Rep. Vol. 27, No. 2, January 12, 1912, pp. 31-39. Notes on the habits and diseases of this animal and its possible relation to plague in humans.

RODIER, The rat problem. Letter in Jour. Trop. Med. & Hyg. Vol. 15, July 1, 1912, pp. 205-207. Discusses the Rodier method of rat extermination which is as follows: catch as many rats as possible alive, kill the females, turn males loose alive. After awhile the males will become more numerous than the females and by worrying the females and killing the young they will destroy all that is left and then die of old age. As long as the rats are polygamous they will increase, but they will decrease when they become polyandrous.

RUCKER, WM. COLBY. The eradiction and prevention of bubonic plague. Pub. Health Rpts. Vol. 27, No. 29, July 19, 1912, pp. 1130-1142. A good summing up of the preventive and protective measures.

RUCKER, W. C. The necessity of rodent extermination in American seaports. Jour. Amer. Med. Assn. Vol. 59, July 27, 1912, pp. 243–244. Danger from these pests and methods of exterminating them, trapping, ratproofing of buildings; cutting off food supply; poisoning.

RUCKER, W. C. How to poison rats. U. S. Pub. Health Rep. Vol. 27, No. 32, August 9, 1912, pp. 1267-1268. A glucose paste containing 4 per cent phosphorous is spread on all sides of small pieces of stale bread and placed in rat holes.

SARGENT, E. AND E., L'HERITIER, A. and Lemaire, G. Transmission of Leishmania from dog to dog by Pulex serraticeps. Bul. Soc. Path. Exot. No. 5 (1912), No. 8, pp. 595-597. Experiments gave positive results.

STRONG, R. P. AND TEAGUE, O. Susceptibility of animals to pneumonic plague. Phil. Jour. Sci. Sec. B. (Phil. Jour. Trop. Med.) Vol. 7, No. 3, June, 1912, pp. 223228. Marmots and tarbagans inoculated with pneumonic strain of plague develop the bubonic type. The latter harbors a flea which bites man.

STRONG, R. P. Studies on pneumonic plague immunization. I. Introduction. The expedition to Manchuria and the conditions under which the work was performed there. Phil. Jour. Sci. Sec. B. (Phil. Jour. Trop. Med.) Vol. 7, No. 3, June, 1912, pp. 131-136.

SWELLENGREBEL, N. H. Contribution to the knowledge of the biology of European rat fleas (Ceratophyllus fasciatus). Arch. Schiffs. u. Tropen. Hyg., 16 (1912), No. 6, pp. 169–182. Distribution in Amsterdam, feeding experiments, etc.

TIDSWELL, FRANK. Researches on plague. Second Rep. Gov. Bur. Microbiol. N. S. Wales, September, 1912, pp. 39-43. Includes list of ectoparasites collected from rodents, notes on fleas, etc.

DE VOGEL, W. T. The connection between man and rat in the plague epidemic in Melang, Java, in 1911. Far East Assn. Trop. Med.; Trans. 2nd Bien. Cong, held at Hongkong, 1912, pp. 147–149.

WARREN, E. W. The relation of the rat to the public health. South. Med. Jour. Vol. 5, No. 7, August, 1912, pp. 500–502.

Sixth report on plague investigations in India.

Issued by the advisory committee Jour. Hyg. & Plague, Sup. 1. (Vol. 11, December, 1911), pub. 1912, 206 pp. Among other articles some of which deal with the method or spread of the disease is an "Epitome of some recent observations on rat fleas."

Report of the international plague conference held at Mukden, 1911. Man. Bur. of Printing, 1912, 483 pp.

Plague and its relation to maritime quarantine. Pub. Health Rpts. Vol. 27, No.

50, December 13, 1912, pp. 2074-2076. Tells of the campaigns of education in regard to this subject.

March of the black death to the United States. Cur. Lit. 53; October 1912, pp. 426-428. How the plague is being fought.

Danger

The steady advance of the plague. Editorial Jour. Amer. Med. Assn., Vol 59, July 27, 1912, pp. 278-279. Plague now in Trinidad, Porto Rico and Cuba. from Pacific Coast. Need of the public being thoroughly awake to the dangers.

The plague situation. Editorial Jour. Amer. Med. Assn. August 3, 1912, Vol. 59, No. 5, pp. 374-375. Review of present pandemic beginning in 1894. Now encircles the globe. Cuba last to be infected. Danger of it appearing in the southern United States.

The plague situation. Pub. Health Rpt. Vol. 27, No. 36, September 6, 1912, p 1463. Names places where plague exists at present.

The plague situation. Pub. Health Rpts. Vol. 27, No. 35, August 30, 1912, pp 1409-1410. Restrictions on passenger traffic from Cuba waived because of no plage cases since July 27.

The rat as a source of economic and health waste. Jour. Amer. Med. Assn. V 59, No. 7, August 17, 1912, p. 518. Points out the great waste caused by rats and the danger in allowing them to multiply. Suggests that individual property owners be made to keep their premises free.

Rat extermination a public duty. Editorial Jour. Amer. Med. Assn. Vol. LIX. July 27, 1912, pp. 279–280. The need for action in face of the present danger. Anti-rat ordinance of Seattle, Washington. Pub. Health Rpts. Vol. 27, No 34. August 23, 1912, pp. 1373–1374. Text of ordinance.

Anti-rat ordinance of Oakland, Cal. Pub. Health Rpts. Vol. 27, No. 34 August 23, 1912, pp. 1371-1373. Text of ordinance.

SPOTTED FEVER

BIRDSEYE, C. Some common mammals of Western Montana in relation to agnculture and spotted fever. Farm. Bull. 484, March, 1912. Notes on species ani habits and methods of destroying: relation to the fever.

BIRDSEYE CLARENCE. Rocky Mountain spotted fever, rodents and ticks. Note in Amer. Jour. Pub. Health 1912, II, No. 3, p. 219. Refers to Farmers Bull. 484 U. S. Dept. Agric.

MCCLINTIC, THOS. B. Investigations of, and tick eradication in Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Pub. Health Rep. Vol. 27, No. 20, May 17, 1912, pp. 732-756. A detailed record of field and laboratory investigations. Dipping domestic stock, destruction of wild mammals and the clearing and burning over of land are recommended.

REED, A. C. Spotted fever. Hero of peace. Outlook, 102; September 28, 1912, pp. 178 179. Notes on spotted fever and the life of Dr. T. B. McClintic who died of the fever contracted while studying it.

RUCKER, W. C. Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Pub. Health & Mar. Hos Serv. U. S, Pub. Health Rpts. 27 (1912), No. 36, pp. 1465 1482. A summarize-i account; bibliography.

Another martyr to scientific medicine. Jour. Amer. Med. Assn. 59, No 7 August 17, 1912, p 550. Dr. T. B. McClintic of the U. S. Pub. Health Serv dast in Washington August 13, 1912, of Rocky Mountain spotted fever contracted while investigating the disease in Montana He was regarded as the leading authority

on this disease.

TICKS AND VARIOUS DISEASES

BISHOPP, F. C. The fowl tick (Argas miniatus Koch). U. S. Bur. Ent. Circ. 170, March 31, 1913. Distribution, life history, control.

BISHOPP, F. C. A new species of Dermacentor and notes on other North American Ixodidæ. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 25 (1912), pp. 29–37. D. hunteri taken on mountain sheep.

CHRISTOPHERS, S. R. The development of Leucocytozoon canis in the tick with a reference to the development of Piroplasma. Parasit. 5 No. 1. February, 1912.

DALRYMPLE, W. H. Anthrax and tick fever. Amer. Vet. Rev. 40 (1912, No. 5. pp. 601–610. The housefly and the ant and probably other insects often coming in contact with anthrax flesh may become dangerous carriers of the infection.

DALRYMPLE, W. H. Anthrax and tick fever. Amer. Vet. Rev. 40 (1912), No. 6, pp. 757-764. Deals with Texas fever, the cattle tick and its eradication. GRAYBILL, H. W. Studies on the biology of the Texas fever tick. Bul. 152, U. S. Dep. Agric., 1912. 13 pp.

GRAYBILL, H. W. Methods of exterminating the Texas fever tick. U. S. Dept. Agr. Farmers Bul. 498, 1912, 42 pp. Life history and methods of control by dipping and pasture rotation.

HINDLE, E. Attempts to transmit "fowl pest" by Argas persicus. Bul. Soc. Path. Exot., 5 (1912), No. 3, pp. 165–167. Results negative.

HINDLE, E. AND MERRIMAN, G. The sensory perceptions of Argas persicus. Parasit. 5, No. 3, September, 1912. An interesting series of experiments. "Hal'er's organ" regarded as olfactory.

HOOKER, W. A., BISHOPP, F. C. AND WOOD, H. P. The life history and bionomics of some North American ticks. U. S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Ent. Bul. 106, p. 239. General bionomics of the group and life history of several species.

JENNINGS, ALLAN H. Some notes on the tick Ornithodorus talaje Guerin. Proc. Ent. Soc. of Wash. Vol. 14, No. 2, April-June, 1912, pp. 77-78. Records this species from rats in Canal Zone.

MOORE, WM. The tick problem in South Africa. Jour. Econ. Ent. Vol. 5, 1912, No. 5, pp. 377-384. List of ticks known to transmit diseases and other ticks that attack animals in South Africa. Notes on life history of some of the species. Control methods.

NUTTALL, G. H. F. Notes on ticks: II, New species (Amblyomma, Hamaphysalis); Irodes putus: Description of the hitherto unknown larval stage. Par. 5 (1912), No. 1, pp. 50–60. Three new species described.

RANSOM, B. H.

Cong., pp. 648, 655.

$40,000,000 annually.

Eradication of the Southern cattle tick. Proc. 7th Inter. Zool. (Paper read August, 1907, pub. 1912.) Loss estimated at Methods of control. Rotation of pastures most efficient. RANSOM, B. H. AND GRAYBILL, H. W. Investigations relative to arsenical dips as remedies for cattle ticks. U. S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Anim. Indus. Bul. 144, pp. 65. THEILER, A. The transmission of gall-sickness by ticks. Agr. Jour. Union So. Africa, 3 (1912), No. 2, pp. 173–181.

WARBURTON, C. Notes on the genus Rhipicephalus, with the description of new species, and the consideration of some species hitherto described. Parasit. 5, No. 1, February, 1912.

SPIROCHETA

BAYOU, H. The experimental transmission of the spirochæte of European relapsing fever to rats and mice. Parasit. 5, No. 2, June, 1912. Believes that in Moscow, relapsing fever is commonly transmitted by Pediculus vestimenti and not by Cimex.

Proe.

HINDLE, E. The inheritance of spirochetal infecton in Argas persicus. Cambridge Phil. Soc. 16 (1912), No. 6, pp. 457-459. A tick once infected transmits the infection to its offspring of the first and second generation.

NUTTALL, G. H. F. Spirochatosis. Parasit. 5, No. 4, January, 1913. One of the Herter lectures. Deals particularly with those diseases that are transmitted by ticks, lice, bedbugs. Also gives important notes on the life history of the body louse.

Ross, PARK. Human spirochatosis. Transv. Med. Jour. Vol. 7, No. 7, February, 1912. Review of work done on the disease. Some of the natives fear the tick Ornithodorus and will not sleep in infested huts.

Dobell, ClifforD. On the systematic position of the Spirochetes. Proc. Roy Soc. ser. B, Vol. 85, No. B 578, June 14, 1912, pp. 186-191. Classification must be based on morphological evidence. Believes that they are more closely related to the Bacteria than to Protozoa or Cyanophycea.

BEDBUGS AND VARIOUS DISEASES

FANTHEM, H. B. Some insect flagellates and the problem of the transmission of Leishmania. Brit. Med. Jour. November 2, 1912, pp. 1196–1197.

GIRAULT, A. A. Preliminary studies on the biology of the bedbug, Cimez lectus larius. II Facts obtained concerning the duration of its different stages. Jour Eco. Biol. 7, No. 4, December, 1912. Under favorable conditions the bug brews continuously throughout the year, but there may be at least three or four generations. Gives duration of life of different stages under various conditions.

MANNING, J. V. A contribut on to the study of the possible agency of the bedbug, Cimex lectularius, in transmission of acute poliomyelitis from man to man Med. Times, vol. 60, April, 1912. Shows that the bedbug fullfils the necessary requirements as a carrier of this disease.

MANNING, J. V. Bedbugs and bubonic plague. Med. Rec. Vol. 82, No. 4, July 27, 1912, pp. 148-150. Refers to Vubitski's experiments and gives notes on habits and control.

OLSEN, C. E. On the endurance of swarms of Cimex lectularius L (Hemip) Bul. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. Vol. 8, December, 1912, pp. 24-25. Specimens kept alive in bottles two or three months.

PATTON, W. S.

1912.

Kala-Azar problem. Brit. Med. Jour. 2, No. 2705, November 2,

PATTON, W. S. Preliminary report on an investigation into the etiology of oriental sore in Cambay. Sei. Mem. by Offi. of Med. & San. Dept. of Govt. India, ns. No. 50, 1912. Believes that the bedbug is the transmitter of this disease.

PATTON, W. S. The development of the parasite of Indian Kala-Azar (Herpetomonas donovani Laveran & Mesnil) in Cimex rotundatus Sign, and in Cimer lectur larius Linn. with some observations on the behavior of the parasite in Conorrhinus rubrofasciatus de Geer. Sci. Mem. by Offi. of Med. San. Dept. Govt. India, 1912, (n. s.), No. 53, p. 38.

RIGGS, R. E. Bedbug as carrier of typhoid. Mil. Surg. XXXI, No. 3, September, 1912.

RUCKER, W. C. The bedbug. Pub. Health Rpts. Vol. 27, No. 46, November 15, 1912, pp. 1854-1856. Notes on habits and control.

WENYON, C. M. Experiments on the behavior of Leishmania and allied flagyllates in bugs and fleas, with some remarks on previous work. Jour. Lon Sch Trop. Med. Vol 2, pt. 1, December, 1912, pp. 13 26.

Etiology of Kala-azar. Nature 89, June 13, 1912. pp. 386-388. Notes on a

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