paralysis after later doses happens only about once for every 40 million doses given. • OPV drops very rarely can cause polio in people who are in close contact with the person who gets the vaccine. This happens only to people not already protected by polio vaccine. • The chance of a person in close contact with the one who gets the vaccine becoming paralyzed is higher after the first dose of vaccine than after the second, third, or fourth doses. Paralysis after the first dose happens about once for every 2 million doses of drops given. But paralysis after later doses happens only about once for every 14 million doses given. If the parent or other adult household contact of a child receiving OPV has never received polio vaccine, this person should consider, if possible, being vaccinated with IPV before or at the same time as the child. Vaccination of the child should not be delayed. Talk with your doctor or nurse if you have any questions. IPV shots: • IPV can cause a little soreness and redness where the shot was given. There is a very rare chance that other serious problems or even death could occur after getting either vaccine. Such problems could happen after taking any medicine or after receiving any vaccine. When Should Your Child get the Polio Below are all of the vaccines that most infants and children should get and the age when most experts suggest they should get each dose of vaccine. Pt. 110, Subpt. A, App. A DTP: Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis Vaccine Polio: Live Oral Pollo Vaccine drops (OPV) or Killed (Inactivated) Polio Vaccine shots (IPV) MMR: Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine HIB: Haemophilus b Conjugate Vaccine HBV: Hepatitis B Vaccine * Many experts recommend these vaccines at 18 months. † In some areas this dose of MMR vaccine may be given at 12 months. 1 Many experts recommend this dose of MMR vaccine be given at entry to middle school or junior high school. HIB vaccine is given in either a 4-dose schedule (1) or a 3-dose schedule (2), depending on the type of vaccine used. * Hepatitis B vaccine can be given simultaneously with DTP, Pollo, MMR, and Haemophilus b Conjugate Vaccine at the same visit. Are the Benefits of the Vaccines Greater Yes, for almost all people. Experts believe that most people should receive polio vaccine. After reading this pamphlet and talking with your doctor or nurse, you can decide whether there is any reason for you or your child to delay or not get the polio vaccine. There are several reasons why some people may need to delay getting polio vaccine or should not get it at all. When Should the Vaccines be Delayed? Polio drops (OPV) or shots (IPV) should be delayed for any person who: • Is sick with something more serious than a minor illness such as a common cold. Delay the vaccination until the person is better. When Should the Vaccines Not be Given? IPV should be given instead of OPV to a person who: • Is born with or develops any disease that makes it hard for the body to fight infection, such as cancer, leukemia, or lymphoma (cancer of the lymph glands). Has AIDS or infection with the virus that causes AIDS. • Is taking special cancer treatments such as x-rays or drugs or is taking other drugs, such as prednisone or steroids, that make it hard for the body to fight infection. The close contact that occurs in the home makes it possible for the virus that is present in OPV drops to be passed on to another member of the household. Doctors usually advise that if any person in the home has any of the medical conditions listed above, IPV should be used instead of OPV. IPV should not be given to a person who: Has had an allergy problem with the antibiotics neomycin or streptomycin so serious that it required treatment by a doctor. Be sure to talk to the doctor or nurse about which polio vaccine you or your child should get. Should Pregnant Women Receive the The polio vaccines are not known to cause any problems to the unborn babies of pregnant women. Doctors usually do not recommend giving any drugs or vaccines to pregnant women unless there is a special need. However, if a pregnant woman needs immediate protection, OPV is recommended. What To Look for and To Do After Getting the Polio Vaccine: This pamphlet lists the problems (on pages 4 and 7) that may occur after receiving either OPV or IPV. As with any other serious medical problem, if the person has a serious or unusual problem after getting the vaccine, CALL A DOCTOR OR GET THE PERSON TO A DOCTOR PROMPTLY. If you or your child does have a reaction to the vaccine, you can help your doctor by writing down exactly what happened. VACCINE ADMINISTRATION RECORD The doctor or clinic may keep this record in your medical file or your child's medical file. They will record what vaccine was given, when the vaccine was given, the name of the company that made the vaccine, the vaccine's special lot number, the signature and title of the person who gave the vaccine, and the address where the vaccine was given. 1 have read or have ad explained to me the information in this pamphlet about polio and polio vaccines. I have had a chance to ask questions that were answered to my satisfaction. I believe I understand the benefits and risks of the polio vaccines and ask that the vaccine checked below be given to me or to the person named below for whom I am authorized to make this request." Signature of person to receive vaccine or person authorized to make the request (parent or guardian): [56 FR 51808, Oct. 15, 1991; 56 FR 59218, 59332, Nov. 25, 1991; as amended at 58 FR 30123, May 26, 1993] 150-164 0-94--20 |