tion of delinquent youths committed to their conrol or supervision, to improve the substance of their existing programs and services, to make full use of community resources and services generally available, and to encourage new designs and new methods of operating full or part-time community-based residential facilities and other correctional facilities for youth requiring residential care, diagnosis, treatment, or rehabilitation." On page 8, beginning with “unusual” on line 3, strike out all through "of" on line 4. On page 8, line 12, strike out "and". On page 8, line 16, immediately before the period, insert a comma and the following: "or (D) other facilities which in the judgment of the Secretary are consistent with the purposes of this part". On page 9, line 13, immediately after the word "services" insert the following: "and other community institutions and resources". On page 9, line 16, immediately after the word "programs" insert the following: "and educational programs". On page 9, line 19, immediately after "SEC. 141.", insert "(a)". On page 9, line 24, immediately after the word "services" insert the following: "or of other delinquency prevention programs". On page 10, line 11, immediately after the word "that", insert a comma and the following: "where necessary,". On page 11, line 13, immediately after the word "used", insert the following: "for the programs specified under that section, and". On page 11, after line 23, add the following new part: "PART D-DELINQUENCY PREVENTION BY PUBLIC EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES "AUTHORIZATION OF GRANTS "SEC. 150. The Secretary is authorized, for the purpose of achieving better delinquency prevention, to make grants to public educational agencies having jurisdiction over school systems throughout the United States to meet not to exceed 75 per centum of the cost of a project or program to develop and establish in the secondary school curriculum courses relating to delinquency control, and to train teachers within such systems with respect to how best to teach delinquency control directly to the secondary school population. "SEC. 151. Grants under section 150 may be made only upon application to the Secretary by a public educational agency having jurisdiction over a secondary school system within the United States, which contains or is accompanied by assurances satisfactory to the Secretary that the project or program for which such application is filed will carry out the purposes specified in section 150 of this part." On page 12, line 1, immediately after "research", insert a comma and the following: "demonstration”. On page 13, between lines 15 and 16, insert the following new titles: "TITLE III-MODEL JUVENILE CORRECTIONAL SYSTEM "ESTABLISHMENT AND DEVELOPMENT "SEC. 301. (a) The Secretary is authorized to plan, establish (including the construction of necessary facilities), and develop in the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare a model juvenile correctional system, including preinstitutional, institutional, and aftercare treatment, and rehabilitative and correctional services, for the purpose of developing effective methods and techniques for the treatment and rehabilitation of delinquent youths. In addition to other treatment methods and techniques studied and developed in such systems at the discretion of the Secretary, the Secretary is directed to develop and improve individual treatment methods and techniques such as probation case work, counseling, psychiatric therapy and any other related types of individual therapy. The Secretary is authorized to accept, in his discretion, delinquent youths referred from Federal, State, or local juvenile courts or correctional institutions in the United States and to provide for the care, treatment, rehabilitation, and supervision of such youths within such system. "(b) The Secretary is authorized, to whatever degree practicable, to use the system established under this title and to use the funds authorized under this Act for the training and development of professional personnel for the juvenile correctional field in coordination with the training and recruitment provisions set forth under Title IV of the Act. "(c) To help carry out the purposes of this title the Secretary is authorized, where necessary, to enter into contracts with public or private agencies, organizations or institutions, and with individuals. "TITLE IV-TRAINING OF PERSONNEL "GRANTS "SEC. 401. The Secretary is authorized to make grants to institutions of higher learning, State or local governments or correctional agencies, and to public or nonprofit private organizations, agencies, or institutions to meet not to exceed 75 per centum of the cost of a project or program established for the purpose of recruiting and training professional personnel to work in the delinquency control field. "SEC. 402. Grants under section 401 may be made only upon application to the Secretary by an institution of higher learning, a State or local government or correctional agency, or a public or non-profit private organization, agency, or institution, which contains or is accompanied by assurances satisfactory to the Secretary that the project or program for which such application is filed will carry out the purposes specified in section 401 of this title." On page 13, line 16, strike out "III" and insert in lieu thereof "V”. On page 15, beginning with line 2, strike out all through line 6 and insert in lieu thereof the following: "SEC. 503. For the purposes of carrying out the provisions of this Act, including the making of grants under titles I and IV and grants and contracts under title II, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Department of Health, Education and Welfare for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1968, such sums, not to exceed $35,000,000, as may be necessary, and for each of the four succeeding fiscal years, such sums as may be necessary." On page 15, line 8, strike out "304" and insert "504". On page 15, line 9, strike out "303" and insert in lieu thereof “503”. On page 15, line 14, strike out "305" and insert in lieu thereof "505". Senator CLARK. Do you have any questions, Senator Murphy? Senator CLARK. Thank you very much. Our next witness is the Honorable John W. Gardner, Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. We are very happy to have you here with your associates. With you, I understand, is Lisle C. Carter, Jr., Assistant Secretary for Individual and Family Services; Ralph K. Huitt, Assistant Secretary for Legislation; Mary E. Switzer, Administrator, Social and Rehabilitation Service; and Virginia Burns, assistant to Assistant Secretary for Individual and Family Services. Would you like for us to put your entire statement into the record and then comment on it; or do you want to read it? Secretary GARDNER. Whichever way you prefer. In view of the time, if you wish to have it put into the record in full, all right. Senator CLARK. Let us put your statement into the record, and then have you hit the high spots of it. You will not mind if Senator Murphy and I interrupt to ask some questions? Secretary GARDNER. No. Senator CLARK. The prepared statement of Secretary Gardner will be printed in the record in full. And I am sure that your colleagues will not hesitate to make comments from time to time. STATEMENT OF HON. JOHN W. GARDNER, SECRETARY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE; ACCOMPANIED BY LISLE C. CARTER, JR., ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR INDIVIDUAL AND FAMILY SERVICES; RALPH K. HUITT, ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR LEGISLATION; MARY E. SWITZER, ADMINISTRATOR, SOCIAL AND REHABILITATION SERVICE; AND VIRGINIA BURNS, ASSISTANT TO ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR INDIVIDUAL AND FAMILY SERVICES, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE Senator CLARK. You may proceed. Secretary GARDNER. I will first introduce those who are with me: Mary E. Switzer, our new Commissioner of Social and Rehabilitation Services; Lisle C. Carter, Jr., Assistant Secretary for Individual and Family Services; Ralph K. Huitt, Assistant Secretary for Legislation; and Virginia Burns, assistant to Assistant Secretary for Individual and Family Services. Senator CLARK. They are all very well acquainted with the subcommittee. Secretary GARDNER. I am sure that they are. I think perhaps that it would be simpler if I were to go over the thrust of the statement which will be relatively brief. Senator CLARK. I might ask you this question: Senator Murphy and I are interested in this subject. Why could this not be done by private individuals and organizations, just as much as it is by public organizations, in terms of diagnostic treatment and in terms of prevention? Secretary GARDNER. You are asking whether this is appropriate? Senator CLARK. To some extent there has been public clamor as to what your office has been doing in the past 18 months. I do not happen to agree with this public clamor, but there is a widespread view on this. You take a program, such as Senator Murphy talked about with Archie Moore. You could start it in other cities, as it is now being done in San Diego, Calif. We have one such program in Philadelphia that has been offered for some time; it is a good idea. It is moving across the country. It is not tied up with a lot of redtape. Why should we not do that in a few more cities? Secretary GARDNER. I should like to have Mr. Carter speak to that. Mr. CARTER. Mr. Chairman, depending on exactly what you and Mr. Murphy have in mind, much of this can be done under this legislation. We recognize that many private agencies are providing a good deal of what Senator Murphy has talked about. There are two ways in which this can be done. Although the provision in the administration's bill is labeled "Preventive Services," the youths can be referred to that agency by the court, or by the police, instead of being referred to the court. They can be referred to such agencies also after leaving the correctional institution. Although grants under part B, "Rehabilitative Services" would be made to public agencies, those agencies could subcontract or use this with their own funds to purchase services from youth-serving agencies in the community. Secretary GARDNER. May I express a general view on it, Senator Clark? Senator CLARK. Yes, sir. Secretary GARDNER. I feel that all through our Department we should have this flexibility in dealing with private agencies. I feel very strongly that if we really care about solving a problem, we will tap the resources of the private sector as well as those of the public sector. Senator CLARK. Very well. Secretary GARDNER. I was going to comment on two or three points on which we have reached conclusions. First, on planning: The House bill does not authorize funds for State and local comprehensive planning. While it is true that funds for planning are available under the provisions of the Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice Act of 1967 and the model cities program, these funds are limited. Furthermore, the emphasis of the crime bill is on adults and adult law enforcement agencies, more than on juveniles, and it is unlikely that alreadylimited funds will be stretched to the extent necessary to plan for delinquency prevention and control. The Attorney General and I have been cooperating on this and agree that planning is needed under both acts. We urge that the Senate adopt this provision of the President's bill. Second, the subject of training-and this subject has come up here this morning. Much of the testimony heard in the House focused on the lack of provision for training of personnel in the field of juvenile delinquency prevention and control. The House followed this advice and amended the bill to provide grants for a variety of training activities, including university-based programs, in-service training programs, and specialpurpose institutes. I personally feel very strongly about the need for training. The requirement that we have trained personnel, to which Senator Dodd spoke so eloquently, is present in every single field in our Department, but the Department has the authority to support various types of training and we are planning to expand these resources. The vocational rehabilitation training program, the National Defense Education Act, the child welfare training grants program are just a few examples of our existing resources for training. The addition of training provisions in this bill will perpetuate the fragmented pattern that characterizes the Nation's training efforts. We hope to move in just the opposite direction-toward a consolidation of separate training programs. That is the fragmentation which has often been called to our attention by the distinguished members of this body, Senator. Senator CLARK. You have, I might say, 15 separate HEW programs in your Department. Can you not administratively resolved those? Secretary GARDNER. We have, essentially, five administrative groupings in our Department. A number of programs are run by a single administrator. Where the programs are located does not make the difference as long as they are coordinated. The Center for the Study of Crime and Delinquency of the National Institute of Mental Health has an annual appropriation of $9 million. It concentrates primarily on research. The Office of Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Development spent $8 million in fiscal year 1967 for demonstration grants, training grants, and technical assistance. The Rehabilitation Services Administration makes some grants for the rehabilitation of delinquents. Its primary emphasis however, is on the physically and mentally handicapped. We estimate that RSA spent $8 million for programs in the delinquency field last year. The Office of Education has recently begun to support instruction in correctional institutions. And then, finally, the Children's Bureau has a very small amount of money for standard setting, technical assistance, and statistical research. Senator CLARK. You have had wide experience as an administrator, and I have a great respect for your ability in that regard. Do you think it is well to have all of these programs scattered around? Secretary GARDNER. It makes a certain amount of sense. You have to distinguish between things that ought to be put together and things that ought not to be put together. There are some areas-and I would count education as one of them-which will inevitably be scattered all over the whole Federal Government. Everybody ought to be in the field of education, and this is inevitable. In the field of juvenile delinquency, I have combined three of the agencies which are most deeply involved in this: the Office of Juvenile Delinquency, the Children's Bureau and the Rehabilitation Services Administration in our new Social and Rehabilitation Service under Miss Switzer. She will have the opportunity to coordinate three of the largest operations here. The mental health part, I believe, quite properly has its own research funds. All of the National Institutes of Health have very strong research emphasis, and it seems quite appropriate that there should be some research found there which is not part of direct operating programs, but that is concerned with the very broad questions of juvenile delinquency and delinquent behaviors. Senator MURPHY. Is there a comprehensive coordination of research information among the 50 States? Is there an effort to tie them into your Office? I have gone into this somewhat carefully, and, insofar as I can find out-press reports notwithstanding-many have constructive studies of the needs and where the waste is. And I am told by some experts that they will have really an outstanding program in my State in about 6 or 7 months. Does that information come in and is it being centralized somewhere in the Federal Government so that it is available to everyone? Secretary GARDNER. It is. We share continuing studies in these matters. I will say that mental health has seen about as much progress in the last half dozen years as any field I know about. Senator MURPHY. I know that it is very disappointing to find out that a program has already been done by another. I remember that during World War II, a certain admiral prepared a certain landing plan, and about 2 weeks before the landing they found that the enemy had moved out. He was so upset that he had the landing anyhow. I think this sometimes happens. As Senator Clark knows, I discussed the other day that there is a group of people that we run into who really enjoy the problem more |