Vorenberg, James, professor of law, Harvard University; former executive director, President's Commission on Law Enforcement and the Admin- Haskins, William J., associate director, Washington Bureau, National Nelson, Hon. Gaylord, a U.S. Senator from the State of Wisconsin... La Follette, Hon. Bronson C., attorney general of the State of Wisconsin. Rector, Milton G., director, National Council on Crime and Delinquency; accompanied by Mark Furstenberg, NCCD Washington representative Kozol, Jonathan, teacher, Newton, Mass., public schools, and author of Durrer, Col. William L., chief of police, Fairfax County, Va.; accompanied by Capt. David R. Eike, administrative assistant to chief; and Lt. Cottrell, Dr. Leonard S., Jr., social psychologist and secretary of the Russell Sage Foundation; and chairman, President's Committee on Juvenile Delinquency Citizens Advisory Council_. Wallace, John, director of probation, New York City; accompanied by 295 Battle, Mark, Administrator, Bureau of Work Programs, U.S. Department 116 Prepared statement_ 117 Cottrell, Dr. Leonard S., Jr., social psychologist and secretary of the Russell Sage Foundation; and chairman, President's Committee on Daniels, Bruce, and Roland Britt, both of Philadelphia, Pa., representing Dodd, Hon. Thomas J., a U.S. Senator from the State of Connecticut. Durrer, Col. William L., chief of police, Fairfax County, Va.; accompanied by David R. Eike, administrative assistant to chief; and Lt. Kenneth R. Gardner, Hon. John W., Secretary, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; accompanied by Lisle C. Carter, Jr., Assistant Secretary for Individual and Family Services; Ralph K. Huitt, Assistant Secretary for Legislation; Mary E. Switzer, Administrator, Social and Rehabilitation Service; and Virginia Burns, Assistant to Assistant Secretary for Indi- vidual and Family Services, U.S. Department of Health, Education, Biography of... 233 La Follette, Hon. Bronson C., attorney general of the State of Wisconsin.. McCoy, Barbara E., representing Neighborhood Development Youth McGovern, Hon. George, a U.S. Senator from the State of South Dakota__ Nelson, Hon. Gaylord, a U.S. Senator from the State of Wisconsin............ Rector, Milton G., director, National Council on Crime and Delinquency; accompanied by Mark Furstenberg, NCCD Washington representative. Ryan, Mrs. Edward F., chairman, National PTA Committee on Legisla- tion, Chicago, Ill., prepared statement.. Terry, Miss Gilda, and Sherilyn Henderson, both of Bridgeport, Conn., representing New Breeds in Motion; Louis A. Elisa II, New York, N.Y., representing Young Adult Action Group; and Eugene Hammond, Wilmington, Del., representing WYEAC, a panel. Vorenberg, James, professor of law, Harvard University; former executive director, President's Commission on Law Enforcement and the Admin- Wallace, John, director of probation, New York City; accompanied by Whitlatch, Hon. Walter G., representing the National Council of Juvenile 295 Articles, publications, etc., entitled: "Amendment to Regulations Pertaining to Discipline," an excerpt from Teachers' Handbook, Boston public schools, 1961, No. 1.--- "Cromie Looks at Authors and Books Ex-Boston Teacher Pens Biting Condemnation of System," by Robert Cromie, from the Chicago Tribune, October 5, 1967. "Death at an Early Age," by Jonathan Kozol, from Atlantic Monthly, "Federal Aid for State, County Facilities for Delinquent Children,' resolution of the National Council of Juvenile Court Judges, 1965 "Programs for the Prevention and Control of Delinquency,' of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, re programs Communications to, from--Continued Merrick, Samuel V., Special Assistant for Legislative Affairs, Polanco-Abreu, Hon. Santiago, Resident Commissioner from Puerto Rico, October 24, 1967.- Clark, Hon. Ramsey, U.S. Attorney General, Department of Justice, from Senator Joseph S. Clark, September 15, 1967---- Dodd, Hon. Thomas J., a U.S. Senator from the State of Connecticut, Weller, Bruce C., director, Seattle-King County Youth Commis- sion, Seattle, Wash., May 17, 1967, with attachments___ Kennedy, Hon. Edward M., a U.S. Senator from the State of Massa- Wood, Robert M., chairman, Atlanta Youth Council, Atlanta, Weller, Bruce C., director, Seattle-King County Youth Commission, Page 307 Clark, Hon. Joseph S., chairman, Senate Subcommittee on Employment, Manpower, and Poverty, August 24, 1967------ Dodd, Hon. Thomas J., chairman, Senate Subcommittee to In- vestigate Juvenile Delinquency, June 12, 1967---- Wirtz, Hon. W. Willard, Secretary of Labor, from Senator Joseph S. 127 Clark, Hon. Ramsey, U.S. Attorney General, October 11, 1967- 105, 108 Gardner, Hon. John W., Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare, JUVENILE DELINQUENCY PREVENTION AND CONTROL ACT THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 1967 U.S. SENATE, SUBCOMMITTEE ON EMPLOYMENT, MANPOWER, AND POVERTY, Washington, D.C. The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 10 a.m., in room 4232, New Senate Office Building, Senator Joseph S. Clark (chairman of the subcommittee) presiding. Members present: Senators Clark, Kennedy of Massachusetts, Javits, and Murphy. Committee staff present: William C. Smith, counsel; and Eugene Mittelman, minority counsel. Senator CLARK. The subcommittee will open its session. The chairman has an opening statement. We begin hearings today on S. 1248, the Juvenile Delinquency Prevention Act of 1967. S. 1248 has been proposed by the administration. Hearings on similar legislation have already been held in the House Education and Labor Committee. That committee has reported to the House an amended and rewritten version entitled "Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act of 1967." The number of the House bill is H.R. 12120. Copies of the House-reported bill and of S. 1248, together with summaries of each and a copy of the House committee report are in each Senator's folder. I will direct that S. 1248 and H.R. 12120 be printed in full in the record at the conclusion of this opening statement, together with the summaries of these two bills. The Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, of which this is a subcommittee, has, since 1959, overseen many of the activities of the executive branch, and particularly the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, in the field of juvenile delinquency, prevention and control. It was in 1959 that I first had the privilege of chairing a Labor Committee subcommittee which, at that time, was named the Subcommittee on Juvenile Delinquency. In 1961, after the formation of the Subcommittee on Employment, Manpower, and Poverty, this committee reported out the Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Offenses Control Act which the Congress enacted into law and which, until the end of last fiscal year, was the principal Federal legislative mandate in the field of juvenile delinquency. It was the chairman of the full committee, Senator Hill, whose task it was to pioneer in this area, with the help of our first witness, Senator Dodd, who has been pioneering in this field for many years, as chairman of the Subcommittee on Juvenile Delinquency of the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate. We are very honored, indeed, Senator Dodd, to have you with us today, continuing the cooperative work that you and I have done for so many years in this field. The Juvenile Delinquency and the Youth Offense Control Act of 1961 was extended in 1963 and 1965. That act provided for demonstration projects to establish new techniques and practices in the prevention and control of juvenile delinquency. It also provided for the training of personnel working in the field of juvenile delinquency, for technical assistance services, and for an information retrieval and dissemination system so that public and private agencies all over the country would be able to take advantage of the results and learn from the demonstration projects. One of the things which the subcommittee will want to find out at these hearings and establish for the record is the benefits which have been derived over the past 6 years from projects undertaken under the Juvenile Delinquency Act of 1961. I will mention only one now-one that I suspect is the most significant innovation resulting from these demonstrations-the establishment today of more than 1,000 community action agencies across the country. These agencies were born under the Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Offenses Control Act and are, of course, the principal local administrating agency for the war on poverty. Now, the connection between juvenile delinquency and poverty has been clearly established at the local level. The 1961 act funded demonstration community action agencies in such cities as New York, Cleveland, San Francisco, New Haven, Boston, St. Louis, Syracuse, Providence, and here in Washington, D.C. Names such as Mobilization for Youth, Haryou-Act, United Planning Organization, Community Progress, Inc., of New Haven, and Progress for Providence are now familiar to those of us who follow the activities of the war on poverty. But HEW's activities under the 1961 act are but a small portion of the activities of the Federal Government in fields related to juvenile deliquency prevention and control. It is my understanding, and we shall develop this in some detail as the testimony progresses, that among these activities are the following: The Children's Bureau, for example, I understand, conducts investigations and compiles reports on juvenile courts and the problems of juvenile delinquency. Funds for State child welfare activities are granted through the Children's Bureau, particularly to projects which involve delinquency prevention services. The Children's Bureau also provides technical assistance to public and voluntary agencies for delinquency services and develops and publishes standards for the care of delinquent children. Finally, the Children's Bureau aids communities in developing delinquency prevention services. HEW's Bureau of Family Services administers grant-in-aid programs to States to prevent the breakdown of families. This is an important aspect of juvenile delinquency prevention. At the National Institute of Mental Health, the Center for the Study of Crime and Delinquency conducts research, training, and demonstrations in juvenile delinquency prevention. Under the Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1965 counseling services are provided within State vocational rehabilitation agencies and |