Fuel for Thought: An Environmental Strategy for the Energy Sector"Energy is vital to economic development. Without the fuels that power cars, trains, and planes, and without electricity, light, and heating, life in industrialized countries would be considerably less comfortable. In developing countries, it is not just a question of comfort. Poverty will not be reduced without greater use of modern forms of energy." Energy is basic to development. On the individual level, modern energy services can transform peoples' lives for the better. On the national level for developing countries, it is impossible to progress beyond a subsistence economy without ensuring at least minimum access to energy services for a broad section of the population. How to meet the increasing energy demands without damaging the environment further, however, is a matter of urgency. This volume sets out an environmental strategy for the World Bank Group in the energy sector for developing countries. The book is organized in four sections: Section 1. Sets out the challenge arising from worldwide growth in energy demand and its potential environmental impacts. Section 2. Reviews the World Bank Group's existing policies, strategy, and record. Section 3. Outlines the new strategy, which contains both existing and fresh elements. Section 4. Explains in more detail how the new elements of the strategy will be implemented. |
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Page 20
This problem is further compounded by the social burden of increased pollution ("
externality cost") not being shared ... within which the costs and benefits can be
assessed and compared on a sector- wide basis, allowing the right choices to be
...
This problem is further compounded by the social burden of increased pollution ("
externality cost") not being shared ... within which the costs and benefits can be
assessed and compared on a sector- wide basis, allowing the right choices to be
...
Page 23
The cost of photovoltaics, which for years were too expensive to be considered
for anything other than remote, high-value applications such as emergency
communications, has come down by an order of magnitude in a decade, bringing
them ...
The cost of photovoltaics, which for years were too expensive to be considered
for anything other than remote, high-value applications such as emergency
communications, has come down by an order of magnitude in a decade, bringing
them ...
Page 25
This is an area of current research. While estimates vary, there is little doubt that
the economic costs of air pollution are substantial (Figures 1.4 and 1.5).
According to recent es- concentration ug/m 800 Mexico City Beijing Mexico
China * *. 4.
This is an area of current research. While estimates vary, there is little doubt that
the economic costs of air pollution are substantial (Figures 1.4 and 1.5).
According to recent es- concentration ug/m 800 Mexico City Beijing Mexico
China * *. 4.
Page 28
But at the same time, reducing emissions costs money, and competitive
pressures sometime place operators — both private and public — in the position
of having to make "cheaper versus cleaner" trade-offs. If the operator's
responsibilities ...
But at the same time, reducing emissions costs money, and competitive
pressures sometime place operators — both private and public — in the position
of having to make "cheaper versus cleaner" trade-offs. If the operator's
responsibilities ...
Page 52
This evaluation concluded that PELP was effective and cost-efficient in promoting
sustainable development through the increased use of compact fluorescent light
bulbs. Similar evaluation studies will be undertaken for other IFC/GEF projects, ...
This evaluation concluded that PELP was effective and cost-efficient in promoting
sustainable development through the increased use of compact fluorescent light
bulbs. Similar evaluation studies will be undertaken for other IFC/GEF projects, ...
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Common terms and phrases
achieve Actions activities addition air pollution air quality analysis Annex areas Asia assess assistance Bank's benefits carbon caused China cities clean cleaner client climate change coal commitment continue costs damage developing countries economic effects electricity emissions energy efficiency energy sector Energy-Environment environment environmental establishment estimates example externalities financing framework fuels funds global governments Group identify impact implementation improve increase Indicators indoor industrialized Initiative institutional integrate investments issues lead least lending Long major measures ment million monitoring Objectives operations percent planning policies potential power sector practice preparation pricing priorities private sector problems production programs progress projects promote reduce reform regional renewable energy result rural sector reform share social sources standards strategy supply sustainable technologies term FY tion trade transport urban World Bank World Bank Group
Popular passages
Page 61 - Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.
Page xiii - UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change...
Page 61 - B and in accordance with the provisions of this article, with a view to reducing their overall emissions of such gases by at least 5 per cent below 1990 levels in the commitment period 2008 to 2012.
Page 30 - the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate...
Page 61 - Affirming that responses to climate change should be coordinated with social and economic development in an integrated manner with a view to avoiding adverse impacts on the latter, taking into full account the legitimate priority needs of developing countries for the achievement of sustained economic growth and the eradication of poverty...
Page 98 - Europe and Central Asia Latin America and the Caribbean Middle East and North Africa...
Page xii - IIASA International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPP independent power producer JI Joint Implementation...
Page xii - GDP gross domestic product GEF Global Environment Facility GHG greenhouse gas GNP gross national product...
Page xii - OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OED Operations Evaluation Department (World Bank...
Page 30 - The three most important greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O).