(a) Nordhaus (1991) develops logistic yield curves based on estimated carrying capacity, average flows and time to maturity. (b) Dixon, Winjum and Krankina (1991) concentrated on forestry activities and their costs rather than on carbon yields. (c) The range represents the lowest yield year for the slowest growing species to the highest yield year for the highest yield species. (d) Carbon yield for forest management is estimated as avoided emissions from deforestation. (e) These figures appear to count total carbon standing at 50 years, but may use MS since rotations are considered for some practices. (f) In addition to the components included in MCS, carbon stored in wood products is included in the carbon flow figures. Table 9.2.6: Treatment of Forest Products in Carbon Sequestration Studies Forest Product Treatment Describes three scenarios of decay rates of wood products described, but effect on Does not consider forest products. Discusses land purchased and turned into permanent forest cover, does not consider harvest. Assumes products are harvested, 100 percent release of stored carbon at time of Does not address carbon flows or stocks, benefits of harvest implicitly considered Subtracts value of timber products from costs of carbon sequestration. Explicitly includes timber harvest, but does not include value of products in the Discusses effects of harvest qualitatively, does not quantify. Accounts for carbon loss at harvest, assumes 100 percent loss at harvest. Discusses harvest of timber, carbon and cost accounting methods unclear. Includes value of forest products in cost accounting. Explicit inclusion of forest products as a component of carbon storage and net Table 9.2.7: Ecosystem Components Included in Carbon Sequestration Studies (a) Implied in text, but not explicitly stated. Ecosystem Carbon Components Included Above- and below-ground tree Above and below-ground tree, soil, understory Above- and below-ground tree, soil, understory, liter Above- and below-ground tree Above- and below-ground tree Above- and below-ground tree Above- and below-ground tree, soil, understory, litter Above- and below-ground tree, soil, understory, litter Above- and below-ground tree Above- and below-ground tree, understory, litter Above- and below-ground tree, understory, soils (a) Average storage method Flow summation Average storage method Levelized costs Van Kooten uses a flow summation method in the text and expresses a clear preference for this approach. Levelized costs are provided in an appendix. (b) (c) Levelized costs are not explicitly derived, but are implicit in the form of the model. Because the carbon accounting method is unclear (see Table 9.2.5) it is unclear whether the costs are derived using |