petual test. The former abases and destroys manhood-the latter denies repentance and reform. Action was promptly taken upon the question in the Kentucky Legislature, and the constitutional amendment was defeated in the House by a vote of 62 to 26, and in the Senate by a vote of 24 to 7. In KILE, MILTON. This eminent young physician was born in Zenas, Indiana, May 20, 1842; died at Vermillion, Illinois, August 4, 1866. He studied medicine in St. Louis, Mo., and graduated there with the highest honors of his class in 1863. At the outbreak of the war Dr. Kile, being imbued with a strong Union sentiment, was appointed surgeon. During his term of service he held many responsible and honorable positions. For six months he was assistant medical director in charge of the United States Hospital at Helena, Ark. 1864, after winning many commendations, and against the remonstrances of his superior officers, he resigned his commission in order to forward his medical education in New York City. He was an ardent student of medicine, strong in his convictions, and skilful in practice. Though young in years, he had the experience of an old practitioner. Dr. Kile was a genuine type of the youthful American surgeon, careful yet bold in his operations. His generous and amiable character endeared him to all who knew him. KNIGHT-BRUCE, Sir JAMES LEWIS, D. C. L., late Lord Chief Justice of the Court of Appeals, born at Barnstaple, February 15, 1791, died in Surrey, Eng., November 7, 1866. At an early age he was sent to King Edward's Grammar School LANE, Hon. EBENEZER, formerly Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Ohio, born in Northampton, Mass., September 17, 1793; died in Sandusky, Ohio, June 13, 1866. He was fitted for college at Leicester Academy; graduated at Harvard College in 1811, and immediately after entered upon the study of law in the office of his uncle, Matthew Griswold, of Lyme, Conn. In 1814 he was admitted to the bar, and after practising three years in Connecticut, travelled westward, crossing the Alleghanies on foot, and settled in Norwalk, Huron Co., Ohio. In 1824 he was appointed to the bench of the Court of Common Pleas, and afterward Judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio, which office he held about twenty years-being made Chief Justice in 1837. After his retirement from the bench in 1845, he was engaged in the practice of law, and in various relations with the Western railways, until March, 1859, when he withdrew from active employment, and after a visit to Europe, returned to Sandusky, where he passed the remainder of his life. LANE, Hon. JAMES HENRY, a United States senator, born in Lawrenceburg, Indiana, June L at Bath, and upon his father's death, in 1799, was removed to the King's School, Sherborne; studied law in London, and in 1817 was admitted to the bar of Lincoln's Inn. After some practice he exchanged the Common Law for the Equity Bar, where his talents soon secured a large practice. In 1829 he was appointed King's Counsel, and in 1831 was elected to Parliament for Bishop's Castle-a borough which was disfranchised at the passing of the Reform Bill, in 1832. In 1834 he received the degree of D. C. L. from the University of Oxford. A Conservative in politics, he was one of the speakers against the Reform Act in 1835; and in 1837 closed his parliamentary career by an unsuccessful struggle for the representation of the borough of Cambridge. In this year he assumed by royal license the surname of Bruce. In 1842 he was made ViceChancellor, and a member of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council and of the Final Court of Appeal from the Courts of India and the Colonies, and from the ecclesiastical and admiralty jurisdictions of Great Britain. In 1852 he became senior Lord Justice, a position which he only resigned a fortnight previous to his death. His profound legal knowledge, indefatigable energy and capacity for work, his strictly lucid and terse style of language, the vein of dry and often sarcastic humor which pervaded his decisions, and his dignified and courteous bearing, rendered him every way qualified for the important positions he held, while his public and private virtues gave him a strong hold upon the respect and affection of the profession at large. 22, 1814; died from the effects of wounds inflicted by his own hand while in a fit of temporary insanity, near Leavenworth, Kansas, July 11, 1866. On reaching his majority he was elected to the city council of Lawrenceburg, and frequently reelected. In a subordinate capacity he took part in the war with Mexico. In 1849 he was chosen governor of Indiana and was a representative in Congress from that state from 1853 to 1855. Subsequently he settled in Kansas and took an active part in politics; was president of the Topeka Constitutional Convention, and was appointed major-general of the free state troops. În 1857 he was president of the Leavenworth Constitutional Convention, and again chosen majorgeneral of the territorial troops. On the admission of Kansas into the Union he was chosen a Senator in Congress, serving on the Committees on Indian Affairs and Agriculture, and was reelected for the term ending in 1871, serving as Chairman of the Committee on Agriculture, and a member of that on Territories. At the opening of the rebellion, President Lincoln appointed him a Brigadier-General, and he ren dored good service with his Kansas troops in Western Missouri. He was a politician of positive ideas; and, although disposed to be more tolerant towards the administration than some congressmen, he voted for the Civil Rights bill after the veto. He had been suffering from nervous disease: and on his way home from Washington he was attacked with paralysis in St. Louis, with so little prospect of recovery that reason became unsettled, and he put an end to his life. sponsible position he held as an educator of youth. LIPPE, a principality in Northern Germany. Prince Leopold, born in 1821, succeeded his father in 1851. Area, 445 square miles; population, in 1864, 111,336, The capital, Detmold, has 5,308 inhabitants. The public revenue, in 1864, amounted to 273,909 thalers, and the expenditures to 242,786 thalers surplus, revenue, 31,123. Public debt, in 1864, 369,055 thalers. The army consists of 840 men, and 240 reserves. During the German-Italian war Lippe sided with Prussia, and after the war joined the North German Confederation. LATHROP, JoпN H., LL. D., President of the University of the State of Missouri, born at Sherburne, Chenango County, New York, January 22, 1799; died at Columbia, Mo., August LITERATURE AND LITERARY PROG2, 1866. He studied two years in Hamilton RESS IN 1866. The same causes which tended College, Clinton, N. Y., and entered Yale Col- to limit the production of books in 1865, viz: lege during the third term of the Sophomore the high price of paper, the increased cost of year. After his graduation he was preceptor of labor, and the heavy tax on the manufacture, the grammar-school at Farmington, Conn., and existed in still greater force in 1866; and there of Monroe Academy at Weston, Conn., and were added to them, a general depression of from 1822 to 1826 was tutor in Yale College. trade, and a flooding of the market with English While in the discharge of his duties as and Canadian books, which, owing to the lower tutor he pursued his legal studies in the law price of material and work, could be afforded school at New Haven, then under the charge of much below the cost of their manufacture in Judges Daggett and Hitchcock, and was ad- the United States. Though the number of difmitted to the bar of Connecticut in 1826. He ferent works published was not materially commenced the practice of law at Middletown, diminished by these causes, the editions sold Conn., but had remained there only six months, were much smaller than in the previous year, when he was employed as an instructor in the and, with some exceptions, it proved a very unMilitary Academy at Norwich, Vt., and was satisfactory year to publishers. connected with that institution during the summer of 1827. He was then chosen principal of the Gardiner Lyceum, a scientific school on the Kennebec, Maine, and remained there nearly two years. In 1829, he accepted the professorship of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy in Hamilton College; and in 1835 was transferred from that to the Maynard Professorship of Law, History, Civil Polity and Political Economy, in the same College. In 1840 he was elected President of the University of the State of Missouri, at Columbia; he entered on the duties of that office in March, 1841, and discharged them until September, 1849. In October, 1848, he was elected Chancellor of the University of Wisconsin, an appointment which he accepted, and entered on its duties in October, 1849. In 1859 he was elected President of the Indiana State University, located at Bloomington, Indiana; and held that position till 1860, when he was chosen Professor of English Literature in the University of Columbia, Missouri; in 1862 he was made Chairman of the Faculty, and in 1865 President, which position he held at the time of his death. In 1845, while President of the Missouri University, he received the degree of LL. D. from Hamilton College. In 1851 he was a member of the Board of Examiners at West Point, and was chosen Secretary of the Board. Dr. Lathrop was a man of exalted character and sterling worth, and was justly considered as among the ripest scholars and most profound thinkers of the country. He was eminently fitted both by nature and culture for the high and re The number of distinct publications, aside from occasional pamphlets, reports, circulars, catalogues, sermons, and official Government, State, or municipal documents, as well as English and German works, of which very many were imported in editions with an American imprint, was 1905, an increase of 103 on the number published in 1865. Of these 83 were biographies, of which 18 were collective, 61 individual, and 4 genealogical works. In his tory there were 124 works, of which 7 were general histories of the United States or of North America; 13 were local historics of towns, cities, counties, or States of the Union; 57 were histories of the recent war, or of particular battles, campaigns, or corps, or of the action of particular States or classes in relation to it; the histories of revolutionary, or ante-revolutionary times, were 17; there were 15 histories of other countries, and 15 ecclesiastical histories. In theology there were 75 works, of which 20 belonged to general and 55 to polemic theology. In physics and natural science there were also 75 works; 1 in natural philosophy, 9 in chemistry, 4 in botany, 16 in zoology, 3 in palæontology, 35 in geography, 5 in geology, 1 in ethnology, and 1 in astronomy. There were but 2 each in intellectual and in moral philosophy, 4 in ethics, 25 in social science, 8 in political economy, 31 in mechanical and technological science, and 42 in politics and political science. In mathematics there were 7; in education, $1; in classical literature, 3; in law, 129; in medicine, 94; in poetry, 105; in essays and light literature, 65; in philology, 19; in statistics, 152; in the fine arts, 15; in music, 30; in fiction, 241, of which 221 were general, and 20 religious novels; the number of juveniles was 390, of which 340 were religious, 25 tales of adventure, and 25 elementary; of books of travel and discovery, there were 15; of military and naval science, 9; of agriculture, 23, and miscellaneous books, 30. In the department of General Biography, one of the most interesting books was a new edition of "Sanderson's Biography of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence," revised and edited by Robert T. Conrad, with an historical account of their residences, by William Brotherhead, and portraits and views. This was an expensive and elegant work. Other works of the kind, were Madame Eugénie Foa's "Contes Biographiques; ""The Women of Methodism, its three Foundresses, Susanna Wesley, the Countess of Huntingdon, and Barbara Heck," by Abel Stevens, LL. D.; "Southern Generals, their Lives and their Campaigns," by William P. Snow; an enlarged edition of "Our Great Captains, Grant, Sherman, Thomas, Sheridan and Farragut," by L. P. Brockett, M. D.; Dr. Samuel W. Francis's "Biographical Sketches of Distinguished New York Surgeons;" "Personal Recollections of Distinguished Generals," by W. F. G. Shanks; "National Portrait Gallery of Eminent Americans," portraits by Alonzo Chappel, with biographical and historical narratives, by Evert A. Duyckinck. Of Single Biographies the number was very large, and many of them possessed considerable merit. The principal works of this class were, Professor "Rev. Robert H. M. Baird's life of his father, Baird, D. D.; "Memoirs of General Louis Bell, late Colonel of the 4th N. H. Regiment, who fell at Fort Fisher," by John Bell Bouton; Rev. C. W. Denison's "Illustrated Life, Campaigns, and Public Services of Philip H. Sheridan;" Rev. Dr. Gardiner Spring's "Personal Reminiscences of his own Life and Times; Mr. John R. G. Hassard's carefully prepared "Life of the Most Reverend John Hughes, D. D.. First Archbishop of New York;" Mr. William V. Wells' admirable history of the "Life and Public Services of Samuel Adams; the charming "Letters of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart" (1769-1791), translated from the collection of Ludwig Nohl, by Lady Wallace; Mr. "Life and Public Services of John Savage's Andrew Johnson, Seventeenth President of the United States, including his State Papers, ""James Louis PetiSpeeches, and Addresses; gru, of South Carolina, a Biographical Sketch; "Life and Letters of Leonidas L. Hamline, D. D., late one of the Bishops of the M. E. Church,' by Walter C. Palmer, M. D.; John Esten Cooke's "Stonewall Jackson, a Military Biography; "The Life of Emanuel Swedenborg," by William White; "The Life of Blessed John Berchmans of the Society of Jesus," from the Italian of Father Boero, S. J.; "Letters of Life" (an autobiography), by Mrs. Lydia Hunt"Life of Emanuel Swedenborg," ley Sigourney; by Sarah P. Doughty; "Life of Benjamin Silliman, M. D., LL. D.," by Professor George HISTORY, either in general or in its details, is a favorite subject for American authorship; and the number of books in its various departments is always large. The General History of the United States would seem to have been well nigh exhausted, but there were seven volumes published on it in the year 1866, one or two of them, however, reprints of early works. To this last class belong the reproduction of Alexander Hamilton's "Observations on Certain Documents in "The History of the United States for the year 1796," issued by the Hamilton Club; "A Youth's History of the Great Civil War in the United States from 1861 to 1865," from a Southern stand-point. Rev. J. A. Spencer compiled, in several illustrated quarto volumes, "A History of the United States from the earliest Period to the Administration of President Johnson." The number of works on Local American History was not large, unless we reckon among them those which were devoted to the history of the regiments and officers who were engaged in the late war, and they come more appropriately into another class. The principal local "Old New York; or Reminishistories were: cences of the past Sixty Years," by John W. Francis, M. D., LL. D., with a memoir of the author, by H. T. Tuckerman; Mr. Peter S. Palmer's "History of Lake Champlain, from its first Explorations by the French in 1609, to the Close of the Year 1814;" "The History of the Five Indian Nations depending on the Province of New York," by Cadwallader Colden; reprinted exactly from Bradford's New York edition (1727), with an Introduction and notes by John Gilmary Shea; ""Random Recollections of Albany from 1800 to 1808," by Gorham A. Worth, third edition, with notes by the publisher; Mr. J. G. Palfrey's "History of New England from the Discovery by Europeans to the Revolution of the Seventeenth Century, being an Abridgment of his 'History of New England during the Stuart Dynasty."" Of Histories of the War, or of incidents or details connected with it, the number, though smaller than the previous year, was yet very large. The most important were: "Lloyd's Battle History of the Great Rebellion, from April 14, 1861, to May 10, 1865;" Lieut. Willard W. Glazier's "The Capture, the Prison Pen, and the Escape, giving an account of Prison Life at the South; ""Lieut.-General Grant's Report, comprising the operations of the Union Army from March, 1864, to the Close of the Rebellion; " Professor Henry Coppée's "Grant and his Campaigns, a Military Biography;" "The War of the Rebellion, or Scylla and Charybdis, consisting of Observations upon the Causes, Course, and Consequences of the late Civil War in the United States," by H. S. Foote; Rev. W. D. Sheldon's "The Twentyseventh Regiment Connecticut Volunteers; " Mr. Sidney Andrews's "The South since the War, as shown by Fourteen Weeks of Study and Observation in Georgia and the Carolinas;" Rev. Dr. R. L. Dabney's “Life and Campaigns of Lieut.-General Thomas J. Jackson (Stonewall Jackson), with Portrait and Diagrams; Rev. John W. Hanson's "Historical Sketch of the Old Sixth Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers during its Three Campaigns in 1861, 1862, 1863, and 1864; ""A Rebel War Clerk's Diary at the Confederate States Capital during the Four Years of the Existence of the Confederate Government; "Mrs. P. A. Hanaford's "Field, Gunboat, Hospital, and Prison, or Thrilling Records of the Heroism, Endurance, and Patriotism displayed in the Union Army and Navy during the Rebellion;" "In Vinculis, or the Prisoner of War, being the Experience of a Rebel in two Federal Pens, interspersed with Reminiscences, etc., by a Virginia Confederate" (A. M. Keiley); Mr. William Swinton's "Campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, a Critical History of Operations in Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania, from the Commencement to the Close of the War, 1861-1865; " Mr. William Howell Reed's "Hospital Life in the Army of the Potomac; Mr. Charles C. Coffin's "Four Years of Fighting, a Volume of Personal Observations with the Army and Navy, from the First Battle of Bull Run to the Fall of Richmond; " Dr. L. P. Brockett's "The Camp, the Battle-Field, and the Hospital, or Lights and Shadows of the Great Rebellion;” Col. A. J. H. Duganne's "The Fighting Quakers, a True Story of the War for our Union, with Letters from the Brothers to their Mother, and a Funeral Sermon by Rev. O. B. Frothingham;" Mr. Benson J. Lossing's "Pictorial History of the Civil War in the United States of America," Vol. I.; Frazer Kirkland's "The Pictorial Book of Anecdotes and Incidents of the War of the Rebellion; " Mr. J. T. Trowbridge's "The South, a Tour of its Battle-Fields and Ruined Cities, a Journey through the Desolated States, and Talks with the People;" Colonel Harry Gilmor's "Four Years in the Saddle; " Mr. Ambrose Spencer's "Narrative of Andersonville, drawn from the Evidence elicited on the Trial of Henry Wirz, with the Argument of Colonel N. P. Chipman, Judge Advocate; " Mr. Whitelaw Reid's ("Agate," of the Cincinnati Commercial,) "After the War, a Southern Tour, May, 1865, to May, 1866; ""Echoes from the South, comprising the most important Speeches, Proclamations, and Public Acts emanating from the South during the late War; Among the Guerillas," by Edmund Kirke (J. R. Gilmore); Mr. George F. Harrington's "Inside, a Chronicle of Secession;" Mr. Edward A. Pollard's "The Lost Cause, a new Southern History of the War of the Confederates;" the second and concluding volume of Mr. Greeley's "The American Conflict, a History of the Great Rebellion in the United States of America, 18601865, its Causes, Incidents, and Results; " Prof. Taylor Lewis's "The Heroic Periods in a Nation's History, an Appeal to the Soldiers of the American Armies; ""With General Sheridan in Lee's Last Campaign," by a Staff Officer; Hon. John Minor Botts's "The Great Rebellion, its Secret History, Rise, Progress, and Disastrous Failure." 29 66 The histories of the Colonial and Revolu tionary periods of our National History were not very numerous. The most important, by far, of them, though issued near the close of the year, was the ninth volume of Hon. George Bancroft's "History of the United States" (the third volume of his History of the Revolution). The following were the other most important works of this department: "The Orderly Book of the Siege of Yorktown, from September 26, 1781, to November 2, 1781;""Philip Freneau's Poems relating to the American Revolution, with an Introductory Memoir and Notes," by É. A. Duyckinck; "The Hamiltoniad," and the "Life of Alexander Hamilton," both by Anthony Pasquin (John Williams), reprints from the edition of 1804; "Addresses from the Roman Catholics of America to George Washington, Esq., President of the United States" (reprint from the edition of London, 1790); "The History of the Life and Times of James Madison," by William C. Rives; "The Battle of the Kegs," by Francis Hopkinson (privately printed); "Notes on the History of Slavery in Massachusetts," by George H. Moore, Librarian of New York Historical Society; "A Historical Inquiry concerning Henry Hudson, his Friends, Relatives, and Early Life, his Connection with the Muscovy Company, and Discovery of Delaware Bay," by John Meredith Read, Jr. The Histories of other Countries and Times were to a larger extent than usual works of original American research, though a few were reprints. We may name among the most valuable: the third volume of Mr. Philip Smith's "History of the World from the Earliest Records to the Present Time;" the 14th and 15th volumes of Henri Martin's "History of France, from the most Remote Period to 1789," translated by Mary L. Booth. These volumes treat of the decline of the French monarchy. The sixth and concluding volume of Thomas Carlyle's "History of Friedrich the Second, called Frederick the Great;" Mr. George Makepeace Towle's "History of Henry the Fifth;" the third and fourth volumes, completing the work, of Miss Harriet Martineau's "History of England from 1800 to 1854;" the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th volumes of Mr. J. Anthony Froude's "History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Death of Elizabeth;" volume 2d of the Emperor Louis Napoleon's "History of Julius Cæsar, comprising the Wars in Gaul;" the same work in the original French; Rev. Dr. E. H. Gillett's "England Two Hundred Years Ago;" a new and elegant edition, from the latest revision of the author, of Lord Macaulay's "History of England from the accession of James II;" the first volume of a translation with notes, by J. G. Shea, LL. D., of Charlevoix's "History and General Description of New France;" Mr. S. G. Drake's "Historical Memoir of the Colony of New Plymouth;" "The History of Ireland, from the earliest Period to the English Invasion," by the Rev. Geoffrey Keating, D. D., translated from the original Gaelic, and copiously annotated by John O'Mahony. In Ecclesiastical History, the most important works were: vols. 2d and 3d of the Abbé J. E. Darras' "General History of the Catholic Church, from the Commencement of the Christian Era until the Present Time," with an introduction and notes by Archbishop Spaulding; Rev. Dr. E. E. Beardsley's "History of the Episcopal Church in Connecticut, from the Settlement of the Colony to the Death of Bishop Seabury:" "The Moravian Episcopate," by Edmund de Schweinitz; "Lectures on the History of the Jewish Church, Part II., from Samuel to the Captivity," by Very Rev. A. P. Stanley, D.D., Dean of Westminster; "History of the Seventh-day Baptist General Conference," by Rev. James Bailey; "The Conversion of the Northern Nations, the Boyle Lectures for 1865," by Charles Merivale, B. D.; Rev. Dr. Raphall's "Post-Biblical History of the Jews, from the Close of the Old Testament till the Destruction of the Second Temple; " Dr. J. H. Merle D'Aubigné's fourth volume of his "History of the Reformation in Europe in the time of Calvin; " Rev. C. C. Goss's "Statistical History of the First Century of American Methodism." Works on THEOLOGY we have classed under two heads, General and Polemic. In the former, the principal works were: "Discourses on the Book of Genesis," by Rev. H. A. Henry, Rabbi Preacher; "Lectures on Pastoral Theology," by Enoch Pond, D. D. ; “A Commentary on the Book of Ecclesiastes," by Rev. Loyal Young, D. D., with introductory notices by Drs. McGill and Jacobus; Prof. J. P. Lange's "Commentary on the New Testament," vol. 2, "Mark and Luke," edited by Drs. Shedd, Oosterzee, Schaff, and Starbuck; vol. 3, "John," edited by Dr. Oosterzee, and vol. 4, "Acts," edited by Drs. Lechler, Gerok, and Schaeffer; "A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Book of Genesis, with a New Translation," by J. G. Murphy, D. D., T. C. D., with a preface by J. P. Thompson, D. D.; "Titles, Attributes, Work, and Claims of the Holy Spirit; " edition with introduction and additional notes of Rev. Dr. George R. Noyes; "New Translation of the Hebrew Poets; " "Ecce Homo, a Survey of the Life and Works of Jesus Christ; " a continuation of Rev. Dr. D. D. Whedon's "Commentary on the Gospels, intended for Popular Use;" this volume comprises Luke and John; "The Minor Prophets, with Notes, Critical, Explanatory, and Practical, designed for both Pastors and People," by Rev. Henry Cowles; and Rev. Dr. William S. Plumer's "Studies in the Book of Psalms, being a Critical and Expository Commentary, with Doctrinal and Practical Remarks on the Entire Psalter." In Polemic Theology, the continued existence of the controversial spirit in matters of faith was evident, though, on the whole, less bitter than at some former times. The most important works of this class were: "Memoir of the Controversy respecting the Three Heavenly Witnesses, 1 John v. 7, including Critical Notices of the Principal Writers on both Sides of the Discussion," by Criticus, a new edition, with notes and an appendix, by Ezra Abbot; Dr. Austin Dickinson's "The Resurrection of Jesus Christ Historically and Logically Viewed;" "Apostolic Eirenicon,' or Papal Primacy a Figment, being a Reply to Dr. Pusey, by Catholicus Verus;" "The Temporal Mission of the Holy Ghost, or Reason and Revelation," by Henry Edward Manning, Archbishop of Westminster; "The Church of England a Portion of Christ's Own Holy Catholic Church, and a means of Restoring Visible Unity, Eirenicon," in a letter to the Author of "The Christian Year, by Rev. E. B. Pusey, D. D.; "The Reunion of Christendom, a Pastoral Letter to the Clergy," etc., by Henry Edward Manning, Archbishop of Westminster; "A Letter to the Rev. E. B. Pusey, D. D., on his recent 'Eirenicon,' by John Henry Newman, D. D.; "Studies upon the Harmony of an |