The American consul at Alexandria reports the advance in quantity and value of the cotton exported from the valley of the Nile as follows: 1551..... 60,000,000 lbs. | 1863..... 129,000,000 lbs. 1862..... 82,000,000 66 1864. 174,000,000" The increased value of the staple, as ex 1,876,040 2,186,456 minster School, and in 1832, Trinity College, Cambridge, as a "Westminster scholar," taking with him a high character for scholarship. Here he studied hard, and was always found in the first class in the examinations, bearing away several prizes. Having taken his degree of A. B. in 1836, he was appointed to a master hibited by the custom-house returns of Egypt, ship in Rugby School, where he had charge of a was in dollars as follows: 1861.. 1862. $7,154,400 | 1863.. 24,603,300 1864.. $46,782,450 74,213,500 The Chamber of Commerce of New York, in a memorial to Congress relative to the tax on cotton, urged the following facts relative to its cultivation in other countries: 1. That the cotton interests in India, Brazil, and Egypt, have accumulated large capitals from the high prices of the last three years, while our plantations, as a rule, have lost all theirs. 2 That nothing has yet occurred to arrest the extension of cotton production in those countries, and nothing will arrest it short of material and permanent decline in prices hereafter. 8. That in the last five years railroads have been opening to traffic in India, and other means of transportation have been improved; and as the Indian Government guarantees an annual dividend of not less than five per cent. to railway stockholders, we must suppose branch railroads will be made wherver they are likely to pay. 4. That during the four years' famine of United States cotton in Europe, great improvements have been made in the manufacture of yarns and fabrics India cotton, so that eminent manufacturers, who thought formerly that they could only use American in making their standard fabrics, have bord that a mixture of four-fifths India and oneSf American, or over nine-tenths India and oneteath American, produced the requisite quality; at least, so it is stated on authority which your committee are forced to respect, without being competent to indorse it. 5. That the expenses in the United States of prodacing, transporting, and selling at the ports, exclusive of tax, must be estimated this year at not less than thirteen cents per pound in case of a yield of 2009,000 bales, and about two cents more if the yield is less. COTTON, Right Rev. GEORGE EDWARD LINCH, Lord Bishop of Calcutta, and Metropoltan of India and Ceylon, born at Chester, England, October 29, 1832, was accidentally drowned in the Ganges, while disembarking from a steamer, October 6, 1866. When a little more than eleven years of age he entered West boarding-house and a form of fifty boys. Shortly after he was elected to a fellowship at Trinity College, but he did not allow his university life to tear him away from his work at Rugby. About 1841 he succeeded to the mastership of the fifth form, the highest but one. He sympathized with his pupils in not only all their studies, but also in their sports and pleasures, so that the bond of affection between master and pupil was strong and enduring. In 1852 Mr. Cotton was elected head-master of Marlborough College, which was then at a very low ebb, financially and otherwise, but which, under his management, soon rose to a high position among leading public schools. In 1856 he preached the consecration sermon of the present Bishop of London at Whitehall, and in 1858 was nominated to the Metropolitan See of Calcutta, where his high personal character and powers, his strength of mind, and tolerant views, rendered him widely and extensively be loved. CRAIK, GEORGE LILLIE, LL. D., a Scottish author and belles-lettres writer, born in Fifeshire, in 1798; died in Belfast, Ireland, June 25, 1866. In his fifteenth year he entered the University of St. Andrew's, and passed through the divinity course, though he never applied for a license as a preacher. In 1816 he began the world for himself as a tutor, and was not long his intellectual labors were unceasing. Enafter editor of a local paper. From that time dowed with a powerful memory, his capacity for work was only equalled by his avidity and delight in its exercise. In 1826 he went to London, delivering on his way a series of lectures on poetry at Glasgow, Dublin, Belfast, and Liverpool. Arriving in London he early became associated with Charles Knight, the publisher, and was a prominent contributor to many of his literary undertakings, especially the "Library of Entertaining Knowledge," began in 1830 by the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. His life was now wholly that of a literary man, whose work lay in the solid sphere of learning and criticism, rather than in the more profitable line of light literature. In 1849 he was appointed professor of English Literature and History at Queen's College, Belfast, whither he removed with his family, and which post he filled with honor until his death. In 1859 and 1862 he was appointed examiner of the Indian civil service, and in this capacity made frequent visits to London. While delivering one of his lectures at the college, a few months since, he was stricken with paralysis, from which he only temporarily recovered. Among his works may be mentioned his "Pursuit of Knowledge under Difficulties," for the Library of Entertaining Knowledge, the "Pictorial History of England," "Sketches of Literature and Learning in England, from the Norman Conquest to the Accession of Elizabeth," History of British Commerce,' Spenser and his Poetry," "The English of Shakespeare," and "The Romance of the Peerage." He also wrote a valuable pamphlet on the "Representation of Minorities," a subject upon which he had bestowed much thought. One of his latest important works was a History of the English Language 99 66 66 and Literature." CRETE. (See CANDIA.) CUMMING, ROUALEYN GEORGE GORDON, a Scottish sportsman and author, known as the African Lion Hunter, born in Scotland, March, 1820, died at Fort Augustus, Inverness-shire, March 24, 1866. He was the second son of Sir William Gordon Gordon Cumming of Gordonstone, and from an early age had abundant experience in deer-stalking in the Highlands. He was trained for the military service, became an officer in the Madras Cavalry, and in the Cape Mounted Rifles, and, leaving the army in 1843, soon brought his daring and courage into more exciting exercise by joining hunting expeditions into the South of Africa. An account of these adventures he gave to the public in his "Hunter's Life in South Africa," published in London, in 1850, and republished in the United States. In 1851 he first exhibited the trophies of his skill and daring at the Great Exhibition in London, and since that period had shown the collection in different parts of the country. His profits from the sale of skins, tusks, &c., have been very large. Though well deserving the title of "The Mighty Hunter," some of his accounts of personal encounters with the fierce and blood thirsty denizens of the forest are considered somewhat exaggerated. For the last eight years he had located himself at Fort Augustus, where his museum of curiosities formed a source of attraction to passengers by the route of the Caledonian Canal. In person Mr. Cumming was remarkable for his great height and massive symmetry of build, with handsome Highland features and the eye of an eagle; he was physically a king of men. CUMMINGS, JEREMIAH W., D. D., a Roman Catholic clergyman and author, pastor of St. Stephen's Roman Catholic Church in New York City, born in Washington, D. C., April 5, 1823; died in New York City, January 4, 1866. He was of Irish descent, his ancestors having emigrated to this country in 1782. He was early destined to the church, and having pursued his preliminary studies in Washington and Georgetown College, he proceeded to Rome, where he studied for fourteen years in the College of the Propaganda, and graduated with high honors. On his return to the United States in 1848 he was at first attached to the Cathedral in Mulberry Street, but in 1856 he built St. Stephen's Church in East Twentyeighth Street, of which he continued to be the pastor until his death. He was a profound scholar, especially in the classics and belles lettres, and cultivated literature with greater zeal and success than most of the Catholic clergy; and his eminent attainments caused him to be regarded as an authority in Catholic literature. While taking a leading part in all the Catholic movements in his diocese, he was very social and genial in his intercourse with his Protestant fellow-citizens. He was the author of several works, one, "Italian Legends," published not long after his return from Europe; another, “Spiritual Prog ress," in 1864. He was a very considerable contributor, in biography and other topics connected with his church, to the "New American Cyclopædia." He took great delight in sacred music, and under his administration the choir of St. Stephen's was not surpassed by any in the city. CUMMINS, Miss MARIA S., a distinguished author, born in Salem, Mass., about 1834, died at Dorchester, Mass., October 1, 1866. Her literary career commenced in 1853, when her Lamplighter was published, and within eight weeks, so great was its popularity, over forty thousand copies were sold, and as it has passed through numerous editions, both in this country and England, its sale has probably exceeded one hundred thousand copies. In 1857 she produced Mabel Vaughan, and in 1860 El Fureidis, published simultaneously in this country and England. Subsequently she wrote another work, entitled "Haunted Hearts." Her late productions have been chiefly for the “Atlantic Monthly," and "Young Folks." A short time since she prepared a catalogue of books suitable for the Sabbath-school of the Unitarian church, with which she was connected; the result of careful examination upon her part of several hundred volumes. She was a writer of great power; her characters were drawn with skill, and there was always a motive in her productions aside from their general interest. For many years her literary labor had been performed while suffering more or less from ill-health. CURTIS, Major-General SAMUEL R., U. S. Vols., born in Ohio, February, 1807; died at Council Bluffs, Iowa, December 26, 1866. He dered his services, and was appointed brigadiergraduated from the U. S. Military Academy at general of volunteers in the first list sent to the West Point, July 1, 1831, as brevet second Senate. Assigned to duty at St. Louis, he first lieutenant in the Seventh U. S. Infantry, and took charge of the large camp of rendezvous resigned his position June 30, 1832, engaging and instruction near that city. Succeeding to in the profession of civil engineering in his the command of the Department of Missouri, native State from that time to 1837. In this he became distinguished in 1862 by winning a latter year he was made chief engineer of the decisive victory at Pea Ridge over the invading Muskingum River improvement, and held this forces of the rebels. He was also engaged in position until May, 1839. He also became a several minor operations which he conducted counsellor-at-law in Ohio in 1842. He con- with great ability. General Curtis was subsenected himself with the Ohio militia, being first quently appointed commander of the Departcaptain and then colonel of a regiment, and ment of "Kansas and the Territories," and of the finally Adjutant-General of the State. He Department of the Northwest, the latter of served during the Mexican war as colonel of which he held until he received his appointthe Third regiment of Ohio Volunteers. After ment as railroad commissioner for inspecting the discharge of his regiment he served on the the Union Pacific Railroad, when he was musstaff of Major (then Brigadier) General John E. tered out of his rank as major-general of volWool, and was made the civil and military gov- unteers. General Curtis was a brave and galernor of Camargo, Monterey, and Saltillo. Upon lant soldier, and faithfully discharged the duties his return from Mexico he resumed the practice of the various posts to which he was called. of the law in Missouri and Iowa, until called to the performance of important labors as engineer in improvements of harbors and the construction of railroads. He was elected from Iowa to the House of Representatives of the Thirty-fifth Congress, and reëlected to the Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-eighth Congresses. During the Thirty-sixth Congress he served on the Committee on Military Affairs, and in 1861 was a delegate to the Peace Convention. He was also an earnest and able advocate of all schemes for internal improvement, and was chosen president of one of the first national conventions held to consider the expediency of a Pacific Railroad. When the war broke out he at once ten DAVIS, EMERSON, D. D., a Congregational clergyman and author, born at Ware, Mass., July 15, 1798; died in Westfield, Mass., June 8, 1866. He graduated at Williams College in the class of 1821, with the highest honors, and was engaged as preceptor of the academy at Westfield for one year; the following year was tutor in the college, and at the expiration of that time engaged as a permanent preceptor of the academy, which position he retained until June 1, 1836, when he was settled as pastor of the First Congregational Church in Westfield, continuing in that service until his death. During the thirty years of his ministry there were but two Sabbaths when he was unable to preach. Through his whole life he manifested a deep interest in common-school education, and was an active member of the school committee of his town. Upon the organization of the State Board of Education he was appointed one of its members. He was also vice-president of the corporation of Williams College. Though a critical and accurate scholar, Dr. Davis made few ventures in authorship. In 1852 he pub D CUTLER, Major-General LYSANDER, U. S. Vols., born in Maine, about 1806, died in Milwaukee, Wis., July 30, 1866. Having had some military training, he offered his services to the Government when the war broke out, and was given the command of the Sixth Wisconsin regiment, which he speedily brought into a state of discipline, and rendered one of the best in the service. Subsequently he was in command of the Iron Brigade of the Army of the Potomac, to which his regiment was attached, and by his faithfulness and gallantry won the promotion of brigadier, and afterward majorgeneral, proving himself an excellent commander both of brigade and division. He was twice wounded on the field. lished a work of great labor and research, entitled "The Half Century," giving in a condensed form very interesting facts relative to the intellectual, moral, physical, and mechanical progress and discoveries of the first half of the nineteenth century. This work had a large circulation and was reprinted in Great Britain. Aside from this, he published a number of occasional sermons, addresses, educational essays, etc. DE LA RUE, THOMAS, an eminent English printer, stationer, and promoter of the useful arts, born in Guernsey in 1793, died in Hyde Park, Eng., June 7, 1866. He began his career as a printer, and subsequently made use of his special knowledge of this art in the application of improvements in the manufacture of playingcards. About 1826 he published the New Testament printed in gold, and on the occasion of Queen Victoria's coronation in 1838, he aided in printing the Sun newspaper in gold. Among the various patents he took out, was one for fixing the iridescent colors of thin films. He was well known as a collector of articles of vertu and the possessor of some of the most rare specimens of Wedgwood ware, being one of the first to stimulate the collection of this beautiful ware by his early appreciation of its intrinsic and artistic merits. Few, indeed, have done more for the promotion of the arts connected with his pursuits than Mr. De La Rue. He was one of the deputy chairmen in the London Exhibition of 1851, and, in the Universal Exhibition of Paris, in 1855, was a juror, receiving as an acknowledgment of his services the grand gold medal of honor and the distinction of Knight of the Legion of Honor. DELAWARE. The election in this State during the year was for the choice of State officers, members of the Legislature, and a member of Congress. It took place on the second Tuesday in November. The total vote cast was 18,408. For Governor, Saulsbury, the Democratic candidate, received 9,810, and James Riddle, the Republican candidate, 8,598. For Congress, J. A. Nicholson, Democrat, received 9,933, and J. L. McKim, Republican, 8,553. The Legislature chosen was divided as follows: Senate-Democrats. 6; Republicans, 3. House-Democrats, 15; Republicans, 6. The session of the Legislature commences on the first Tuesday of January in each year. The session commencing in January was occupied chiefly with local affairs. After the passage by the Lower House of Congress of the bill granting suffrage to the negroes in the District of Columbia, on January 22d the following resolutions were offered in the lower House of the Legislature, and at once adopted by a strict party vote, as also subsequently in the Senate: Resolved, By the Senate and House of Represent atives of the State of Delaware in General Assembly met: That we, the General Assembly of the State of Delaware, do hereby express our unqualified disapprobation of the bill lately passed by the lower House of Congress, now pending before the Senate, conferring upon the negroes of the District of Columbia the right of suffrage, and consider the passage of such a law would be a lasting stigma and disgrace to the free white men of this country, and a sad commentary upon their intelliResolved, Further, That the immutable laws of God have affixed upon the brow of the white races the ineffaceable stamp of superiority, and that all attempt to elevate the negro to a social or political equality of the white man is futile and subversive of the ends and aims for which the American Government was established, and contrary to the doctrines and teachings of the Father of the Republic. gence. Resolved, Further, That, in our opinion, the passage of such a law by Congress is but the key-note of other wrongs and outrages to be hereafter inflicted upon the white people of the States. Resolved, Further, That we tender to the white people of the District of Columbia our deep and sincere sympathy for them in their distress, and denounce the act as a violation of their popular rights recently manifested by an election. The Republican members voted against the resolutions, regarding it to be "improper for them to pass judgment on Congress for its action." Had the question then related to negro suffrage in the State, the sentiment of the Legislature, it was believed, would have been unanimous against it. The State was out of debt at the commencement of the war, but at its close bonds exceeding $1,000,000 had been issued to meet the calls of the Federal Government for soldiers. The receipts from railroads and other sources had been heretofore sufficient to meet expenditures, with a small surplus. The Governor, in his message, on January 3, 1867, urged upon the Legislature to incur no further debt until the present one was paid, and approved the railroad improvements within the State as works of incalculable benefit. By the interference of the Federal Government the laws of the State proved to be insufficient to punish crime committed by free negroes, and the Governor recommended the sale of this class into slavery as a punishment effecting the most salutary restraint against crime. He also urged the passage of restrictive laws against the immigration of negroes from other portions of the country, who were, with few exceptions, fugitives from justice in other States. His views of the constitutional amendment proposed by the Federal Congress are thus expressed: "Whatever may have been the expectation or object of Congress, the rejection of this amendment is demanded alike by every consideration of justice, patriotism, and humanity." In the latter part of the year, the judge of the U. S. District Court (Hall) rendered a decision releasing from imprisonment in Fort Delaware four persons who had been arrested, tried, and convicted by the military authorities of the United States in South Carolina, in December, before a court-martial, of which General Devens 1865. The prisoners had been found guilty was president, of having voluntarily aided in the assault made on the United States troops stationed at Brown's Ferry, S. C., in October, 1865. Judge Hall ordered the discharge of the prisoners on a writ of habeas corpus, on the ground that the military commission was without jurisdiction in the case; declaring it as his opinion, that the rebellion had ceased in April, 1865; and inasmuch as the President's proclamation, issued in June, appointing a Provisional Governor for South Carolina, ordered "the district judge for the district in which that State is included, to proceed to hold courts," the State was in the exercise of all its civil funetions before the issuing of the order for the organization of the commission by which the prisoners had been tried and condemned. DENMARK, a kingdom of Europe. King Christian IX., born on April 8, 1818, succeeded King Frederick VII. on November 15, 1863. Heir-apparent, Prince Frederick, born June 3, 1843. Area of Denmark Proper, 14,698 English square miles; of the dependencies, Faroe, Iceland, Danish settlements in Greenland, the islands of St. Croix, St. Thomas, St. John, in the West Indies, 40,214 English square miles, Population in Denmark Proper, according to the census of 1860, 1,608,095, and in the de pendencies 124,020. The increase of population in Denmark Proper, from 1855 to 1860, was 6.71 per cent. An equal increase from 1860 to 1865 would have swelled the population to 1,701,200 inhabitants. All the inhabitants of Denmark belonged, in 1860, to the Lutheran State Church, with the exception of 12,907, of whom 4,214 were Jews, 1.240 Roman Catholies, 1,761 Reformed, 2,657 Mormons, 2,270 Baptists, 114 Episcopalians, 202 Adherents of the Apostolic, and 142 of the Evangelical Free Lutheran Congregation. The budget for 186667 estimates the receipts at 26,443,996 rixdollars, and the expenditures at 26,482,113. The public debt, on March 31, 1865, amounted to 132,110,820 rix-dollars. The army consisted, in 1855, of 22,000 infantry, of 3,300 cavalry, of 4,200 artillery, 500 engineers. The fleet, in March, 1866, was composed of three frigates and one floating battery, iron-cased, carrying a total of 44 guns; one steamship of the line, 64 guns; four steam-frigates, with an aggregate armament of 162 guns; three steam-corvettes, with 44 guns; four corvettes, mounting 12 guns; six paddle-wheel vessels, carrying together 38 guns; and seven iron gunboats, with an aggregate of 13 guns. Of sailing vessels, Denmark possesses two ships of the line, of 84 guns each; one frigate, of 48; one corvette, of 20; and one brig, of 16, besides a receiving ship, transports, and a flotilla of row-boats. In addition to the iron-plated vessels enumerated above, one is in progress of construction, with double screws, 360-horse power, and to carry two guns of 300 lbs. The marine force amounted to 1,308 men. The merchant navy consisted, in March, 1865, of 3,079 vessels, having together 74,140 lasts. The draft of a revision of the State Constitution of 1846 having been deliberated upon in three successive sessions of both the Rigsrad (representation for Denmark and Schleswig), and the Rigsdag (representation for Denmark Proper), held in 1865 and 1866, the king, in closing the third session of the Rigsdag, on July 29th, announced that on that day he had signed the revised constitution, and that it had thes become a law of the land. Schleswig having been separated from Denmark, the new constitution abolishes the Rigsrad. The election for a new Rigsdag, which took place in Jane, resulted in strengthening the "peasants' party." In the "Folkething," or Lower Chamber, of 100 members elected 60 belong to it. The new Rigsdag was opened on November 12th. The following are the most important points referred to in the speech from the throne: A bill for the dowry of the Princess Dagmar (who, on October 25th, had been betrothed to the heir-apparent of the Russian throne) will be laid before the chambers. By the treaty of peace concluded between Austria and Prussia at Prague, the latter power has undertaken to restore Schleswig to Denmark in so far as the population may by free voting pronounce themselves in favor of such a step. Although it has not yet taken place, still the text of the treaty and the national direction in which European relations are now being developed are a guaranty that Denmark also shall obtain the natural frontiers necessary for her. This is the object toward which, since the treaty of Vienna, the hopes of the Government have been directed. The justice of these hopes has been recognized by friendly powers, and especially by the Government of the Emperor Napoleon, who has testified a warm interest in Denmark. The Government sees in the proposed settlement of the question a proof of the friendship of Prussia. The king further stated that preparations were being made for the defence of the kingdom, notably with regard to fire-arms, which were being placed upon an improved footing. The questions connected with the finances of the Duchies were mainly settled, and the general financial position of the entire monarchy gave rise to no apprehensions for the future. A report that the United States had demanded permission to construct a naval station at the island of St. Thomas was officially denied by the Danish Government. DEWEY, Hon. CHARLES A., Judge of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts, born in Williamstown, Mass., in 1793; died at Northampton, Mass., August 22, 1866. He was a son of the late Hon. Daniel Dewey, M. C. from Berkshire in 1813, was educated at Williams College, where he graduated in 1811, and studied law with the distinguished jurist, Theodore Sedgwick, of Stockbridge. After practising his profession in Williamstown from 1815 to 1824, he removed to Northampton and formed a copartnership with a distinguished lawyer of that town. Provision was made by the Legislature, in 1837, for enlarging the number of the judges of the Supreme Court from four to five; and Governor Edward Everett appointed Judge Dewey to the position. For many years there had been a sharp discussion, running through a portion of the press, relating to the constitution of the Supreme Court; the opinion being held by one side that the court was too much inclined in its decisions to favor the Unitarians. Governor Everett fortunately quieted that feeling by the judicious and acceptable appointment of Judge Dewey, who was well known to hold opposite religious opinions. Judge Dewey held his seat through the long period of twenty-nine years. He was ever a working member of the courtalways performing, intelligently and well, his full share of its labors, and never avoiding any of its greater responsibilities. Judge Dewey was not what is called a brilliant or showy man; but was distinguished for practical common sense in the consideration of all questions that engaged his attention. With the whole body of statute laws he had great familiarity, as also with mercantile law and the law of charitable trusts, which to some extent engaged the public thought at the time of his appointment. As a judge he was always affable |