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Mr. THOMAS (reading):

The Selective Service System is organized to carry out the primary functions of registration, classification, selection, and presentation for induction in the Armed Forces of the men necessary for maintenance of those forces at the determined strength and by means of deferment, urges men into those occupations and activities necessary to the maintenance of the national health, safety, or interest. It also determines the availability of men for a selective call-up from the Standby Reserve. The collateral functions of administration, planning. training, and records management are also performed by this agency.

The Selective Service System, which is decentralized, is organized on a pyramidal structure, the broad base of which is the local and appeal board structure where the contact is maintained with over 23 million registrants by the uncompensated members of the System and the local and appeal board clerks who staff the 4,008 local boards and the 93 appeal boards. The next largest group is composed of the 56 State headquarters; the relatively small group which comprises the national headquarters is the apex.

DISTRIBUTION OF PERSONNEL REQUESTED

Give us a breakdown on your existing personnel under the 1962 record, the 265 that you want in this supplemental. Break it down between your local boards, your State headquarters and your appeal boards, and your national headquarters.

Can you do that for us right quick and then straighten it out for the record?

Colonel ILIFF. Your present employment is-I have a little trouble with local boards because some of them are part-time people and do not work full time, so if I may I would give it to you in man-months

or man-years.

Mr. THOMAS. Straighten it out for the record. Give it to us in jobs, if you can.

Colonel ILIFF. 4,798 for local boards and appeal boards, 1,000 for State headquarters, 200 for national headquarters.

INCREASE IN NUMBER OF INDUCTEES

Mr. THOMAS. Upon what do you base this request for almost $400.000,000 additional? Is it purely on an increase of the inductees from 90.000 to 196,000?

Colonel ILIFF. Yes, sir. The only place where we ask for additional money is due to that increase.

Mr. THOMAS. How many young men do you intend to call up by virtue of this supplemental that you didn't intend to call up in your regular bill? What is your authority for calling up additional men! What is it based upon?

Colonel ILIFF. It is just to meet the calls placed on us by the Department of Defense and this is their estimate of what our workload would be.

That is

Mr. THOMAS. Go into details. What is that workload? what I am asking you about. You give us a broad statement. Instead of calling up 90,000 men it looks like you are going to call up 196,000 men. Are they all selectees or are some of them members of the Reserve, or what?

Colonel ILIFF. We do not call up the Reserve. We call up inductees. In our budget we figure 315,000 to go up for physical examination. On the basis of the revised figure that is increased to 755,000. For the

people who have to be forwarded for induction we figure to get 90,000 and we have to forward 129,000. That is increased to 274,000.

Mr. THOMAS. Let us hold to one figure now. By virtue of the Berlin crisis that is what it is, and the other crises developing all over the world-how many more bodies are you going to have to have than you originally anticipated by virtue of directives from the armed services?

Colonel ILIFF. We are going to have to furnish 106,000 more inducted but we have to send up many more than are inducted, because they are refused.

Mr. THOMAS. We will get to that in a minute.

One-hundred and six thousand more than was called for in your regular 1962 budget?

Colonel ILIFF. Yes, sir.

Mr. THOMAS. How many bodies did your 1962 budget call for?
Colonel ILIFF. 90,000.

Mr. THOMAS. Now that figure is going up to what, 206,000?

Colonel ILIFF. 196,000.

Mr. THOMAS. That is about 100 percent increase. About a 118 percent increase.

Colonel ILIFF. Yes.

Mr. THOMAS. In order to get that 196,000 bodies, how many chaps will have to be called up? How many physical examinations? How much transportation money will have to be spent going to induction centers?

Colonel ILIFF. We will have to call up 755,000 for physical examinations. We will have to call up 274,000 for induction to meet those figures.

TRAVEL COSTS

Mr. THOMAS. Where is the induction made, at the draft board centers?

Colonel ILIFF. No, sir; it is made at the induction stations.
Mr. THOMAS. Where are they, generally?

Colonel ILIFF. Scattered throughout the different Army areas. Normally the travel to those involves anywhere from a few hours to sometimes all day and occasionally all night travel.

Mr. THOMAS. Of this $3.8 million, you are going to spend $2,150,000 of it roughly for travel from the local board to the Army or Air Force or Navy induction center?

Colonel ILIFF. Yes, sir.

Mr. THOMAS. Is the Navy using inductees?

Colonel ILIFF. No, sir.

Mr. THOMAS. Is the Air Force using inductees?

Colonel ILIFF. No. Well, they are joint centers but we are only furnishing to the Army.

Mr. THOMAS. In your regular appropriation bill, of $34 or $35 million, how much is allocated for inductee travel?

Colonel ILIFF. $1,592,000

Mr. THOMAS. Oh, no, it is more than that.

Colonel ILIFF. It is $1,592,000.

Mr. THOMAS. Inductee travel?

Colonel ILIFF. Yes, sir. Travel of inductees.

73884-61-56

Mr. THOMAS. You have 2 months. How did your estimate figure out on a 2-month basis?

Colonel ILIFF. Our July call was for 5,500. We got an emergency call that they had to have 9,000 after the call was placed and they told us they wanted as many over 9,000 as they could get. We furnished over 10,000 during the month of July. You must remember this thing didn't happen until past the middle of July, so we had to move only in the last week in July where we were able to pick up some of that slack.

Then in August we had a call for 13,000. We don't know how many we furnished on that, because the records aren't in yet. We have no indication that we fell short on the call.

Our call for September is for 25,000 and that, of course, we are just starting on.

Mr. THOMAS. So you calculated your travel here of $2,144,000 was on the basis of your 90,000 number that you intended to actually induct in 1962, so you multiplied it by 2-plus-actually, what was it? It is about 110 percent, is it not?

Colonel ILIFF. Yes, sir.

Mr. THOMAS. What was your carryover for 1961 inductee travel? You had $1,673,000. You finished the fiscal year of 1961 on June 30 of this year.

Of that $1,673,000 how much did you have unobligated?

Colonel ILIFF. We turned back about $500,000, sir. You see, our estimate this year was based on 100,000 and we actually only had inducted 68,000 during the last fiscal year. The past fiscal year.

PRINTING COSTS

Mr. THOMAS. How much do you have in here for printing?
Colonel ILIFF. $125,000 in local boards.

PERSONNEL COSTS

Mr. THOMAS. What other items do you have in here besides salaries for your 285?

Colonel ILIFF. Personal benefits are lumped with salaries.
Mr. THOMAS. How much are they?

Colonel ILIFF. They amount to about $100,000 that will actually go on the personnel benefits.

Mr. THOMAS. What is your total personnel cost out of your $3 million figure? What is your total personnel cost?

Colonel ILIFF. Total personnel cost would be

Mr. THOMAS. I tried to figure it out from your green sheets but I

cannot.

Colonel ILIFF. It looks like $1.6 million is personal services.
Mr. THOMAS. How about the rest of it here?

Colonel ILIFF. $2,144,000 for selectee travel.

Mr. THOMAS. How much does that leave of your $3.8 million? Colonel ILIFF. The other items are printing, $125,000 on local boards and $5,000 in State headquarters. Printing and reproduction, a total of $131,000: $125,000 local boards, $5,000 State headquarters, $1,000 national headquarters.

Penalty mail, which is what we have to pay the Post Office Department, $50,000 local boards, $9,000 State headquarters, and $3,000 national headquarters. Those amounts, of course, we just pay over to the Post Office Department.

Administrative travel, $3,000 for national headquarters, $30,000 for State headquarters. We haven't asked for any additional administrative travel for local boards because we have an exemption on local board members which travel is not counted in the limitation.

BREAKDOWN OF EXPENSES, 1961-62

Mr. THOMAS. Give us a table for the record for 1961, 1962, and this supplemental, showing your salary cost and the number of jobs. Then break down your other objects also for the 3 years, 1961, 1962, and this supplemental.

Do you understand that?

Colonel ILIFF. Yes, sir.

(The information supplied follows:)

[blocks in formation]

Mr. KIRWAN. You say you are going to call up 100,000 men?
Colonel ILIFF. 196,000.

Mr. KIRWAN. But there is an amount in the regular budget for the 90,000.

Colonel ILIFF. 196,000 is our number of inductions.

Mr. KIRWAN. You figured it at 90,000 and now you are going to call up 106,000 more?

Colonel ILIFF. 106,000; yes.

REJECTION RATE

Mr. KIRWAN. How many do you have to send up before you get this 196,000?

Colonel ILIFF. Those are the figures-on physical examination we send up 755,000 to get 196,000.

Mr. KIRWAN. Could you supply for the record comparable figures for World War I and II. Those were the two draft wars.

In 1898 when McKinley asked for 300,000 volunteers, 3 million answered the call. Three million people wanted to fight for America in 1898, so you didn't have to bother with the draft or anything like that.

I would like to see the figures for World War I and II. How many we had to call up to meet the quotas-that will give us a good idea of whether we have gone soft in America.

Colonel ILIFF. The standards are quite a lot different and the acceptance is lower.

Mr. KIRWAN. Yes. And the education in the schools is different. The standards are bound to be different. A boy is going to school now until he is 18, whereas he didn't go to school then after he was 7 or 8. Colonel ILIFF. I will furnish the figures for the record.

Mr. KIRWAN. That will show the difference between today and the other two wars.

The 750,000 to get 196,000 indicates there is something wrong today. There is something seriously wrong when you have to call 750,000 to get 200,000 to carry a gun.

Mr. THOMAS. Give Mr. Kirwan at this point the percentage of rejections.

(The information requested follows:)

RELATIONSHIP OF REJECTION RATES

Without reference to comparative ages and other pertinent factors, we can say that the World War I rejection rate was less than 30 percent. The World War II rejection rate was less than 40 percent. The 1948 operation to date is about 40 percent, with a current rejection rate of approximately 50 percent. All of these apply to the initial examination.

Colonel ILIFF. At the pre-induction examination, the rejections are 46.9 percent.__Physical, mental nonacceptability.

Mr. KIRWAN. That is nearly one-half.

Colonel ILIFF. Then of the people they pass, at that point, when they go up for induction we have 28.38 percent rejections.

Mr. KIRWAN. On top of that?

Colonel ILIFF. On top of that.

Of course a number of these that were accepted in the 46 percent have since subsequently enlisted so they are skimmed off before we get to it, so this 28 is not the rejections you would have on the total, it is the rejections only of those we forward.

Mr. THOMAS. Break down your percentage as between physical, mental, and other causes.

Colonel ILIFF. I do not have it, sir.

Mr. THOMAS. Give it to us roughly and then straighten it out for the record.

Colonel ILIFF. I think it is about 40 mental and 60 physical; some of them have both.

Mr. THOMAS. What are the defects in the mental cases that comprise 40 percent?

Colonel ILIFF. The principal defect mentally is that they are unable to pass the qualification test on the standards that have been set. Mr. THOMAS. What are those standards?

We will go into this in the regular bill but it will not hurt to put it in the record now. It is not illiteracy?

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