Thereupon the Secretary read the names of the nominees, as submitted by the Committee.

THE SECRETARY:-Mr. President, there is a matter I am instructed by the Board of Trustees to report for your information. A committee was appointed last June to make an investigation of the hop conditions on the Pacific Coast and also of the properties and affairs of the E. Clemens Horst Company, and also of the operation of their hop-picking machines. I am instructed to say that this information has been obtained. The facts are on file, and any member who desires to secure the information can do so by communicating with the headquarters at New York.

THE PRESIDENT:-Gentlemen, the next matter in the regular order of business is the report of the Committee on Resolutions, Mr. Andreae, Chairman.

MR. ANDREAE:-Mr. President, the Secretary has the report of the Committee on Resolutions.

THE PRESIDENT:—Do you wish the Secretary to read it?
MR. ANDREAE:-If you please.

The Secretary thereupon read as follows:

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS.

There have been no resolutions submitted to this committee for its consideration. We desire to express the thanks of the United States Brewers' Association to the Hon. John F. Fitzgerald, Mayor of Boston, for his most able address and for the practical encouragement which he has given us in our efforts to promote the orderly progress of our business; also to Mr. Barbour, the Chairman of the Convention Committee of the Boston Chamber of Commerce, for his felicitous welcome.

The scholarly address of Dr. Wm. Windisch, of the Berlin Institute of Fermentology, appealed to the best thought of our industry, and will be a source of inspiration to the brewers of the United States. His presence and that of his associate, Dr. George Foth, conferred distinction upon our meeting.

We desire to express our appreciation of the accuracy and fairness which have characterized the reports of our proceedings in the Boston newspapers.

The thoughtful, generous and painstaking hospitality of the Massachusetts Brewers' Association could not be excelled. The arrangements made by the entertainment committee were carried out with the most perfect system and good taste, and with a spirit of heartiness and good will that is most warmly appreciated. The members of the Massachusetts Brewers' Association have given themselves personally to our care and comfort, and the assistance they have thus rendered has been marked by a quality of kindliness and grace that will make this Convention fragrant in our memory for many years to come.

We also wish to extend our thanks to Dr. Wm. H. Walker and the Institute of Technology for their hospitality in housing our exhibits quite gratuitously, and for their assistance in the arrangement thereof.

We are particularly grateful to Mr. Geo. R. Alley for the great trouble that he took in the arrangements for installing the exhibition.

Respectfully submitted,

PERCY ANDREAE, Chairman,

AUGUST FITGER.

A. BERGNER.

THE SECRETARY:-I am informed by Mr. Ruhl that our exhibit was visited yesterday by eight hundred people.

THE PRESIDENT:-Gentlemen, you have heard the report of the Committee on Resolutions. What is your pleasure?

MR. FEIGENSPAN:-I move that it be adopted as read.
Unanimously carried.

Is

THE PRESIDENT:-The next in order is new business. there any new business-is there anything to be said by any of the members?

BREWERS' SIGNS.

MR. NACHOD:-Some years ago there was a law passed in New Jersey abolishing brewers' signs on the outside of saloons and hotels. If there are members of the New Jersey Association present, I would like to know how that has worked.

THE PRESIDENT:-Can you, Mr. Feigenspan, give Mr. Nachod the information he desires?

MR. FEIGENSPAN:-The bill abolishing signs was brought up in our Legislature some time ago and it received the support of the brewers of New Jersey. We had found that the saloons being elaborately decorated with these signs, in thickly populated sections, had an undesirable effect. It was deemed best to have these signs done away with, and I think I can safely say that it has been the experience of the brewers that not only has it saved the expense of the signs, but it has in no way affected the sale of our product in New Jersey.

MR. NACHOD:-That was just my impression, and the object I had in bringing this matter up was to have members from other States informed as to how it is working. I think it is a good thing. I am therefore in favor of such a law as is enforced in New Jersey, and I recommend it to the members of our Association. THE PRESIDENT:-You make that merely as a suggestion, I understand?

MR. NACHOD:-As a suggestion only.

THE PRESIDENT:-Is there anything else to be said on the subject? If not, is there any other new business to be brought up?

If not, then the next matter before the convention is the appointment of the meeting place of the next Convention.

MR. SCHAEFER:—I move that it be referred to the Board

of Trustees, with power.

The motion was unanimously carried.

THE PRESIDENT:-If there is nothing else, gentlemen, a motion to adjourn is in order.

MR. FITGER:-I move that we adjourn.

The motion was unanimously carried, and the Convention thereupon adjourned sine die.

CONVENTION ADDENDA.

WHAT IS BEER?

Germany's Chief Expert Takes Issue with Dr. Wiley.

[From the New York Journal of Commerce.]

T

HE cohorts and sympathizers with Dr. Wiley as to the allimportant subject of "What Is Beer," can find little support for their ideals at the hands of Germany's chief expert. Dr. Windisch, head of the German Institute of Fermentation and recognized as the world's best beer authority, quite emphatically disagrees with Dr. Wiley on his ideas and makes no hesitation in declaring Dr. Wiley “a fanatic” on some of his fine food distinctions.

The brewers, notably the ale brewers, have long been at variance with the great food expert as to "What Is Beer." They have claimed that barley malt, hops, cereals and glucose sugar might properly be used in making various types of beer and ale, but have been met by the adamantine stand that nothing should be allowed to pose as "standard" beer but the product of barley, hops and water, with neither sugar or cereals added. There has been much technical and scientific controversy and the weight of Dr. Wiley's influence has been invariably thrown in favor of the alleged German "standard" of a beer containing only barley and hops with water. American breweries have feared that the ideas of the doctor might be made the official American “standard” and much trouble for them ensue.

In private conversation, however, and in an interview with the writer, the great German authority, Dr. Windisch, declares Dr. Wiley's ideas absurd. "It is true," he says, "that the traditional 'lager beer' contains only hops and barley malt and that for the past three years the law has prohibited the introduction of anything else into that type of beer. It was a law passed, however, not because the other grains or sugar were harmful, but to prevent a diversity of products under the same name and in the interests of barley-farmers who wanted to shut out beers made by any other method or the use of ingredients-especially rice-which they did

not grow. It was not because the grains were regarded as adulterants or injurious, but rather due to tradition and local and national

jealousy."

"But," says Dr. Windisch, "there are other beers brewed in Germany. The 'bottom ferments' are of the 'lager' type, but 'top ferments' frequently use grains and sugar. There is a popular beer in the country known as 'weisbier,' made from a wheat malt and with other grains, while large quantities of 'sweet beer' are brewed with sugar as an ingredient and entirely within the law..

"For myself," said Dr. Windisch, "I would favor even more liberal use of grains and sugar in beers, because it permits of greater variety of flavors, a better color, form and a sharper taste than with the old-type beer. There is absolutely nothing injurious about their use, and they should not be regarded as adulterants, though I think it well to definitely make clear on the label that they are of distinct types and not the old style 'lager.'

"Sugar makes lager too rich in alcohol or too thin-but for ales and special beers, why not?"

Dr. Windisch was asked his opinion of Dr. Wiley's claim that ales should not contain added sugars.

"That seems to me absurd. Of course, in Germany we brew very little ale, but I cannot see how it is possible to brew ales of the English types without using sugars. I should regard it as essential. In my opinion, Dr. Wiley goes entirely too far in his ideas. He is a fanatic and evidently an enemy to alcohol in every form. His attitude against any use of glucose is likewise unreasonable. His ideas on the addition of carbonic gas to beers are quite absurd, either as regards healthfulness or freedom from ‘added substances.' The carbonic the brewer takes from the beer in the fermentation chambers is merely filtered and washed and restored to the finished product. If there was an addition of an excess amount of artificial carbonic there might be some objection, but as the trade practices the process it is merely putting back what is taken out and purified earlier in the process. Dr. Wiley is also in error when he says that beer is not allowed to be sold in Germany till it has stood in storage, or 'lager,' three months. It all depends on the brew and the type. Sometimes beer is stored only a month; sometimes two or three. We store it as long as seems to be necessary and there is no fixeď rule about it."