Thailand, China, New Zealand, Japan, Malaya, Indonesia, Australia, and the Philippines. Each group spent 5 weeks of its exchange period in the continental United States, the first visiting public schools and institutions of higher education in the State of California and the second studying at the University of Michigan and observing instruction in the schools of that State.

APPROPRIATION REQUEST FOR FISCAL YEAR 1962— SUPPLEMENTAL

STATEMENT OF HON. PHILIP H. COOMBS, ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE FOR EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL AFFAIRS ON THE CENTER FOR CULTURAL AND TECHNICAL INTERCHANGE BETWEEN EAST AND WEST BEFORE THE HOUSE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE, THURSDAY, AUGUST 17, 1961 (HEARINGS, SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATION BILL, 1962, PP. 575-577)

Mr. Chairman and members of the committee, this reduced estimate is an amendment to the previous estimate included in the President's budget for fiscal year 1962, which was deferred at the Department's request to permit further study by Department officials in consultation with University of Hawaii and State officials.

The current reduced request for $6,850,000 represents a revised estimate of requirements for 1962 which have resulted from this study and are now recommended for your consideration.

You will recall that the Mutual Security Act of 1960 authorized the Secretary of State to provide for the establishment in Hawaii of a Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange Between East and West "primarily in support of the objectives of the U.S. Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948, as amended, title III of chapter II of the Mutual Security Act of 1954, and other acts promoting the international educational, cultural, and related activities of the United States." More specifically, it authorized the Secretary to: (1) Provide for the establishment and operation of such a Center "through arrangements with public, educational, and other nonprofit institutions"; (2) provide for grants, fellowships, scholarships, and other payments as may be necessary to attract to the Center outstanding scholars and students from the nations of the East and West; and (3) make the facilities of the Center available for study to other qualified persons.

In pursuance of that authorization, the Department requested the Congress to provide an appropriation for the 1961 fiscal year of $8.3 million which would be used to make a nonrecurring grant to the University of Hawaii to aid it in establishing the Center. The University of Hawaii, however, with the endorsement of the Hawaiian delegation in Congress and of the Governor, submitted an alternate plan. This plan called for continuous, large-scale support by the Federal Government in the amount of $31 million for the first 3 years, or $69,961,041 over a 6-year period.

The Congress preferred the University of Hawaii's proposal and appropriated $10 million which the Secretary of State was directed. to make available to the government of Hawaii for the establishment of the Center, indicating that "this is the amount required as the first year's cost of a 3-year program involving a total cost of approximately $31 million."

The appropriation act provided that the funds were to enable the Secretary to provide for Center activities by making a "grant to any appropriate agency of the State of Hawaii." The Governor of Hawaii designated the University of Hawaii as the appropriate agency to receive the funds for carrying out the provisions of the authorizing legislation. It was understood that the necessary buildings for the Center would be constructed on land belonging to the University of Hawaii, and that they would be used for the training of qualified persons as provided for in the legislation. Those attending the Center would include but would not be limited to those whose attendance was made possible by grants, fellowships, and scholarships made pursuant to the legislation.

During the 1961 fiscal year, the University of Hawaii committed $9,459,000 in establishing the Center. Of this amount, $1,120,440 was expended during the period.

Despite the necessarily late start, substantial progress was made. Ninety-nine grants were made to students and five grants to visiting faculty members for the 1960-61 academic year. Detailed plans for necessary buildings were formulated, bids were advertised, and contracts were awarded in July 1961.

The university also convened a representative group of educational leaders and other specialists in relevant fields to advise the university as to the shape and direction which the Center should take in order to become a nationally significant focal point for educational, cultural, and scientific relations between the United States and the Asian and Pacific areas.

Shortly after my appointment to the Department, I visited Hawaii in order to discuss with officials of the university problems connected with the development of the Center and plans for its future progress. I also strongly supported an invitation issued by the board of regents of the University of Hawaii to a group of three consultants to provide additional advice and specific recommendations regarding the program, organization, and administration of the Center. This committee of consultants was composed of outstanding leaders in American higher education. They were Clark Kerr, president of the University of California, John W. Gardner, president of the Carnegie Corp. of New York, and Herman Wells, president of Indiana University. Glen Taggart, director of international programs, Michigan State University, assisted them.

The main questions to which the consultants addressed themselves were those involving the organization and administration of the Center, its program, the selection of a permanent director, and the long-term financing of the Center's activities.

The recommendations of the consultants (see attached copy of consultant's report), which were approved by the Department and by the unanimous vote of the board of regents of the University of Hawaii, have led to certain modifications in the university's original plan, including a less rapid rate of growth for the Center in the interest of developing a long-term, high-quality program. The recent selection of Dr. Alexander Spoehr, distinguished scientist and director of the Bishop Museum in Hawaii, as chancellor of the East-West Center, should insure the successful carrying out of these plans.

In terms of funds needed at this time, these revisions are reflected in the present estimates. This request for an appropriation of $6,850,000 a reduction of $2,843,000 from the $9,693,000 contemplated in the original long-term plan presented to the subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, U.S. Senate, on June 24, 1960-will provide for a smaller number of grants for scholarships and visiting lecturers during academic years 1961-62 and 1962-63, than had originally been anticipated, and for commensurate assistance with administration, operations, and completion of additional facilities. It will provide for 300 grants for scholarships, 35 grants for visiting lecturers, $3,224,715 for construction of library and classroom facilities, and $1,085,210 for operations.

The Department is satisfied, as are the special consultants, that the Federal funds involved are essential to the development of the Center itself and do not constitute a subsidy to the University of Hawaii. I should also like to remind the committee that the State of Hawaii has made a substantial contribution to this project. Hawaii's Legislature appropriated $852,000 for buildings and for administrative expenditures in connection with the planning and operation of the Center, and the University of Hawaii provided a land area of 21 acres with a market value of about $2,740,000 on its main campus for the special facilities of the Center.

During this initial period of developing the Center, University of Hawaii officials have received the wholehearted cooperation of the Department of State and the Foreign Service of both the Department and the U.S. Information Agency. The university's determination to initiate the scholarship program as quickly as possible has been supported by various elements within the Department's Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, and by our embassies and Fulbright commissions in Asian countries. This is attested to by the university authorities who, in a recent progress report on the Center, indicated that our embassy people "have gone out of their way to facilitate" this work and that "in some cases Fulbright officials *** have worked near miracles in an administrative sense in order to assist with such selections ***" [i.e., of scholarship candidates] in time for the second semester of the academic year 1960–61.

All of us who have been concerned with this new venture in international understanding are convinced that the Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange Between East and West, located in the unique cultural and geographical environment provided by the newest of our States, is a significant new resource which has a distinct contribution to make to the expanding efforts of the United States in the field of educational, cultural, and scientific exchange.

Thank you for the opportunity to present this statement and to support this estimate.

CENTER FOR CULTURAL AND TECHNICAL INTERCHANGE BETWEEN EAST AND WEST Program and financing

DEPARTMENT OF STATE-CENTER FOR CULTURAL AND TECHNICAL INTERCHANGE BETWEEN EAST AND WEST

PROGRAM AND PERFORMANCE

Chapter VII of the Mutual Security Act of 1960 authorized the establishment and operation of a Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange Between East and West to promote better relations and understanding between the United States and the nations of Asia and the Pacific. This program will be carried out through a grant to the University of Hawaii, which will construct and operate the Center, and provide grants, fellowships, and scholarships to qualified persons to engage in study or training at the Center.

JUSTIFICATION

The Mutual Security Act of 1960 authorized the Secretary of State to provide for the establishment in Hawaii of a Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange between East and West "primarily in support of the objectives of the U.S. Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948, as amended, title III of chapter II of the Mutual Security Act of 1954, and other acts promoting the international educational, cultural, and related activities of the United States." More specifically, the Secretary was to provide for (1) the establishment and operation of such a center; (2) grants, fellowships, and other payments as may be necessary to attract to the Center outstanding "scholars and authorities from the nations of the East and West"; (3) similar payments, including scholarships as may be necessary to attract students of similar origins; and (4) making the facilities of the Center available for study to other qualified persons (Mutual Security Act of 1960, ch. VII).

In pursuance of that authorization and on the basis of the plan submitted by the University of Hawaii, the Congress appropriated $10 million, which the Secretary of State was directed to make available to the government of Hawaii for this purpose, indicating that this "is the amount required as the first year's cost of a 3-year program involving a total cost of approximately $31 million" (S. Rept. 1777, p. 6). During the past year, the University of Hawaii, the institution in Hawaii designated by the Governor of the State as the responsible agent, expended or committed $9,459,000 in establishing the Center. Despite the necessarily late start, substantial progress was made. Ninety-nine grants were made to students and five grants to visiting faculty members for the 1960-61 academic year. Detailed plans for necessary buildings were formulated and advertised for bids. The university also convened a representative group of educational leaders and other specialists in relevant fields to advise the university as to the shape and direction which the Center should take in order to become a nationally significant focal point for educational, scientific, and cultural relations between the United States and the Asian and Pacific areas. Additional advice and specific substantial recommendations have also been made to the board of regents of the university at their invitation by a group of three consultants, all outstanding leaders in American higher education, regarding the program, organization, and administration of the Center.1 The request

1 Messrs. Clark Kerr, president, University of California, chairman; John W. Gardner, president, Carnegie Corp. of New York Herman Wells, president, Indiana University. They were assisted by Dr. Glen Taggart, director of international programs, Michigan State University.