The meal plan at the university's cafeteria serves the largest single group of Center grantees. Its activities have been representative of the changes which have been made to accommodate these students. Meetings have been held to discuss personal food requirements, community and university personnel acquainted with dietary customs of foreign nations consulted, and foods such as yogurt (curds), melted butter for vegetables, vegetarian curry sauce, extra varieties of condiments, a wider selection of vegetables and fruits, and more use of cheese, fish, and lamb included.

Students from countries which observe dietary practices resulting from religious customs require the most attention. Vegetarian meals are individually supervised by a dietitian. Substitutes have been made available for those who will not eat beef or pork. Special diets prescribed by the university physician for medical reasons are also prepared. To illustrate the variety encountered, in the university food plan at present there are vegetarians (who will eat eggs), others who will not eat beef, and some who will not eat pork. Center students enrolled in the off-campus meal plans present other varieties of dietary practices which must be accommodated.

Center grantees are encouraged to discuss freely their dietary problems with staff members of the Center, the university food service, and the off-campus food plan services. Communication has been improved with the addition of a food service counselor, and adjustments in dietary services have been made in response to suggestions and criticism.

Since fall 1960, when the procedures for health screening of East-West Center scholarship applicants were established, preacceptance review by the student health service has involved over 1,000 health records accompanying applications. In addition to this, the health service staff has screened the health records of all students awarded grants. Included in this check has been a reading of all chest X-rays and followup of those who have a history of tuberculosis.

The health service staff has provided physical examinations, medical care, and health counseling services for the grantees. About 50 referrals have been made to private doctors for treatment incapable of being handled at the present by the university. Twelve students have been hospitalized; among these several have required surgery and three others were involved in long-term hospitalization. In addition, a number of chronic conditions have been discovered which required periodic followup treatment and medical conferences.

Revisions in the health examination forms accompanying applications have been made to facilitate adequacy of preacceptance health examinations in the applicants' home country, and studies have been made to assist the university in developing plans for an infirmary and expanded health services. Institute of advanced projects

One of the basic aims of the Center is to bring together mature scholars from the East and the West to study common problems, to undertake research projects jointly, and to share their thinking in an atmosphere of mutual respect. The institute of advanced projects is the administrative unit established to serve these purposes.

One of the functions of this institute is to select such scholars under a series of senior grants which are awarded to eminent and promising scholars and researchers (generally at the postdoctoral level or its equivalent) to conduct original and fundamental research consistent with the Center's objectives. So far four scholars have completed their periods of residency, nine are currently in residence, and five more have been appointed and will be at work during the remainder of this fiscal year. These scholars have come from various institutions in the United States, Taiwan, India, Japan, Indonesia, Australia, and the Ryukyus. They represent the fields of economics, linguistics, meteorology, genetics, government, industrial relations, public health, Ryukyuan studies, seismology, semantics, music, and soil science. These people have been engaged in both individual and group research projects, and in addition have served in an advisory capacity for the Center and have contributed greatly to the intellectual development of the community of people who comprise the basic resource of the Center.

The institute has also initiated several research projects of its own. One of these consists of a survey of Asian economic research agencies, their activity and output. Another takes advantage of the presence of Dr. Takdir Alisjahbana, visiting senior scholar in Indonesian, Indonesian student grantees and members of the resident faculty in Indonesian in a semantics study dealing with Indo

nesian word frequencies. In addition the institute joined in the sponsorship this fall with the Hawaii Institute of Geophysics of a Conference on Tsunami Hydrodynamics. A total of 36 scientists participated in discussions of hydrodynamics, seismology, geology, and other aspects of Tsunamis.

The institute has developed programs for and will carry out next spring and summer three special conferences of note. One will bring together 10 experts from Asia and the United States for a seminar on comparative methods of labor arbitration. Another will begin a survey on American studies in Asia, and the third will assemble over two dozen key individuals for a transpacific conference on scholarly publishing.

Translation bureau

In spite of the fact that funds originally requested by the Center to operate a translation bureau were sharply reduced, a small but important translation program has been initiated. Part of the effort has been concerned with an extensive survey of existing projects sponsored by other agencies and of various U.S. and Asian organizations willing to cooperate in joint programs and of areas in which there is greatest need for translation projects, especially as they may relate to research programs undertaken by the Center. In addition several pertinent surveys of language resources, both local and international, have been completed and translations carried out in several areas. These have included documents for the Tsunami Research Institute, Okinawan folk songs, and a program to check edit de Zwann's "Peoples of Indonesia" from Dutch into English for the human relations area files. Arrangements have been made to undertake translations of certain Japanese materials in Buddhism and Shinto, of the "Rekidai Hoan," the most important single source on the history of the Ryukyu Islands before 1879, of Japanese monographs published by the Institute of Asian Economic Affairs, and joint projects in cooperation with the Center for East Asian Cultural Studies in Tokyo. These activities suggest the potentialities for assistance to scholars and in areas in which research of consequence in the light of the Center's overall objectives may be developed. Training Agency

The International Training Agency is one of the principal units of the Center. The Agency is designed to expand and expedite the extensive training programs which Hawaii already has in operation in the educational facilities, industries, and governmental agencies of the State. Through the services of its International Cooperation Center, the State of Hawaii has offered over 100 programs in recent years especially designed for foreign participants.

Effective April 17, 1961, the International Cooperation Center, which had heretofore organizationally been attached to the office of the Governor, was transferred to the administrative control of the University of Hawaii. With this action, the International Cooperation Center has now become part of the EastWest Center, and has been designated as the International Training Agency. The transfer of the International Cooperation Center brought a staff of five persons experienced in training activities te the East-West Center. This staff is currently supported by funds received under contract with the Administration for International Development. The staff will be augmented by personnel performing training activities under other auspices, and recruitment for these additional positions is currently underway. One new project manager was appointed this fall.

During the past 6 years, the International Cooperation Center has provided observation, study, and training ranging from a few days to 2 years for more than 3,000 men and women from 30 foreign countries referred to it by the International Cooperation Administration and similar agencies. These participants have been financed by the requesting agencies and selected through their overseas representatives. Fields of training which Hawaii already has in operation are illustrated by the following:

Agriculture.-Extension method, home economics, coffee production, credits. and cooperatives, rural youth leadership, livestock nutrition, poultry research, pasture management, pest and insect control, soil conservation; sugarcane breeding, production, and milling.

Community service.-City planning, housing, public works and highways, sanitation, urban redevelopment, and water supply.

Industries and transportation.—Advanced management, airline operations, airways control, electrical power, mass transportation, and telephone communications.

Public administration.—Auditing and accounting, budgeting, economic planning, employee's retirement, labor and industrial relations, public lands, personnel administration, public utilities, and taxation.

Public health.-Public health administration, public health nursing, laboratory techniques, tuberculosis control, sanitary engineering, leprosy control, nutrition, maternal and child health, school health, statistics, hospital maintenance, public health education, and mental health.

Public safety.-Police organization, municipal police administration, investigational procedure and techniques, general patrol practices, police records and report writing, criminal identification, juvenile control, traffic supervision, accident investigation, scientific aids in criminal detection, and weapons.

Social welfare.-Administration of social welfare, child and family welfare, community organization and coordination of social services; delinquency prevention, control, and correction; labor and employment services, institutional care of children and adults, and rehabilitation of the handicapped.

Teacher education.-Teacher preparation, curriculum and program development, administration and superivsion, effective use of instructional materials and aids, school building planning and construction, school-community relations; personnel management and practices.

On June 28, a contract was signed between the International Cooperation Administration and the University of Hawaii. The contracts cover a 2-year period and became effective on July 1, 1961. Thus, the International Training Agency will continue to carry out training programs for the ICA which were previously performed by the International Cooperation Center.

In June, Dr. Sudhir Sen, Director of Training for the Technical Assistance Board of the United Nations, completed an extensive report for the Training Agency based on a survey of local resources and Asian needs which he undertook in Hawaii in May. His recommendations have led to the development of plans for the extension of present training programs and the introduction of several new projects.

In February 1962, for example, a dozen Asian technicians will be brought to Hawaii to engage in a 12-week training program which will operate largely through the five excellent Hawaiian technical schools. A second pilot project to be initiated at the same time will provide training in Hawaii in vocational agriculture for another dozen people. This program will be concluded with 3 weeks in Japan with instruction pertaining to small farm machinery and 3 weeks on Taiwan for studies there in respect to the use of fertilizers. These projects will be carried on for other trainees in future years if successful, and will be joined by additional pilot programs in public health and middle management, for which concrete plans are now being developed.

SUPPORTING PROGRAMS

Among the academic offerings of the University of Hawaii, there are several study programs which were especially created for or are particularly suited for Center scholarship grantees. These generally fall into the areas of language and area studies. The Center provides total or partial support for these programs.

American studies

The Institute of American Studies was activated in mid-November 1960 as part of the East-West Center. It has made significant progress since, but recently, in accordance with the consultants report, it was transferred to the college of arts and sciences of the university for administrative supervision. The special perspective of this institute is the interaction between America and Asia, and the comparative study of their ideas and institutions.

Dr. Stuart G. Brown, Maxwell professor of American citizenship at the Maxwell Graduate School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Syracuse University, and head of the American studies program there, and Dr. Reuel Denney, professor of social relations at the University of Chicago, are the distinguished visiting professors for the current academic year. They have been of invaluable assistance in formulating the American studies program at the University of Hawaii. Former Ambassador John Allison has completed a course in American diplomacy this past spring semester, and Prof. Ray B. West, Jr., of San Francisco State College, taught two courses in contemporary writing and criticism this summer. An ample list of well-qualified candidates has been compiled for the visiting professor program in future years.

Four courses were offered in the fall, and seven will be available in the spring. This spring and summer, two graduate assistants working closely with the acting director placed $5,000 of library orders in American subjects which will be of material benefit to Center grantees. Additional orders amounting to $10,000 of library materials have since been submitted. The result will be a collection of quality and breadth of coverage in American studies, capable of offering materials for graduate research in many fields. This represents one of the largest single undertakings of the institute.

During the spring and fall semesters, 43 university classes in American subjects were open to visitation by foreign students and similarily 32 courses were open during the summer. This is but part of the objective of the institute to afford Center scholarship students a broader understanding of the American scene than can be gained merely through the enrollment for credit in university

courses.

Well along in planning is a project which is designed to describe and evaluate American studies in Asia. Recently published volumes have accomplished this for Europe and the United States. It is anticipated that such a project will lead to a highly valuable book.

The institute has been most active in the development of a series of noncurricular or quasi-academic programs to stimulate interest and extend information about the United States and to encourage discussion in areas of common interest. These include radio and television broadcasts of interviews and discussion, music and commentary on American life. Several lectures, debates, and

film programs have been organized.

Asian studies

The university began as long ago as 1920 to offer courses of study pertaining to Asia, and developed in 1930 a precursor of the Center, an Oriental Institute. Since then numerous courses have been added. These formed the nucleus for Asian studies and oversea operations programs which were initiated as activities financed by the State of Hawaii in 1959. The Asian studies program has since been augmented by additional support from the Center.

In oversea operations a new seminar in "The American Foreign Service" was instituted in February 1961. This seminar is to be further expanded in the year 1961-62 to include "Government Agencies Overseas" and will be a year's course designed for oversea operations students. Within the next 2 years there will be special seminars for oversea operations students as follows: "The Agriculture of Asia," "Dialectical Materialism in Asia," "New Economic Developments in Asia," and a "Seminar in Overseasmanship." All of these courses and seminars are to be taught in cooperation with respective departments and colleges and all oversea operations candidates will be required to take such seminars. This will constitute the core of the graduate program in oversea operations. To further the East-West Center's objective of “increasing and developing mutual understanding between the peoples of the Pacific area," the Asian studies program has organized the 150 Asian language and area courses regularly offered in the university into degree programs, enabling students to take a B.A. or M.A. in Asian studies. They can thus gain a well-rounded understanding based on planned academic study of a total culture of an Asian nation or area. The program is primarily for Americans, including at present eight East-West Center grantees, who wish to become Asian specialists, but it is also designed for Asians who wish to understand their neighbor nations better and teach about or work with them on their return. A scholarship quota of five Asians has been allocated to the Asian studies program for 1962.

The M.A. program in Asian studies was accepted by the graduate council in spring 1961 and is currently in operation for the first time in the fall semester, 1961. Requiring as it does that the student control a language as well as master the basic facts of a geographical area, the Asian studies program provides a strong academic M.A. designed especially for the American East-West Center scholarship holder who intends to go on to professional or academic work in the Asian field. It requires him to take 30 hours of Asian courses in at least three fields and to write a thesis in which at least part of the research is done in the Asian language chosen. At present 8 graduate students are enrolled in the M.A. program, while 27 undergraduates are majoring in Asian studies. The extensive resources of the university in teaching Asian language and area studies were recognized in 1960 when the U.S. Office of Education under the National Defense Education Act granted support to the university for two

language-and-area centers, one in Chinese and Japanese and one in Indonesian and Thai. Building upon these two centers as a base, the Asian studies program is in the process of developing three major centers of language-and-area studies: East Asian, including Japan, China, and adding Korea; Southeast Asian, including Indonesia and Thailand, and later the Philippines and Malaya; and South Asian, including India and later Pakistan.

Linguists trained to teach Japanese, Chinese, Indonesian ,and Hindi are already employed and plans are being made to add linguists for Korean and Thai. Languages taught are Japanese, Chinese, Korean, Indonesian, Thai, and Hindi. The East-West Center students are a primary resource for teaching all the languages of Asia and they are available since scholarship holders are committed by contract to devote a few hours a week to such activities as language training.

The formal language training in the university is supplemented by rich community resources: a dozen theaters feature Asian language films in Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, etc.; there are foreign language radio and television programs, bilingual newspapers are publishd locally: magazines and books in some of the more common Asian languages are available; substantial populations of Japanese, Chinese, Korean, and Filipino speakers give the student opportunity to practice speaking an Asian tongue.

Instructional services

The East-West Center does not maintain its own faculty nor does it operate its own library. Obviously, however, both are of primary importance in carrying out its objectives. While students carry on related study programs in various institutions, the principal source of curricular programs is the University of Hawaii. The university has willingly provided its resources in support of the Center, but the addition of the East-West Center scholarships students imposes requirements beyond such resources properly met by the use of funds appropriated by the Federal Government for the Center.

Some of these funds are authorized as parts of the scholarship and grant money to be used for instructional services. In the current academic year, the university has used these funds to add to its faculty 29.5 positions, distributed as follows:

Of these 25 have been filled. The university has also acted upon suggestions and recommendations made by the Center in the assignment to academic fields of study of 24 additional positions for 1962–63, for which recruitment has begun. All of these are intended to extend strengths of the university, especially in its graduate programs, and to meet special needs of Asian and American students on Center scholarships.

The Center also provides funds to increase the resources and effectiveness of the library for the education of the grantees and research by senior scholars. With these purposes in mind, the library has added seven professional and two stenographic people to its staff this year. These individuals along with the original library staff have conducted extensive surveys of collections and have ordered to date over $55,000 of additional material. This includes a foreign newspaper microfilm project, over 400 reels of microfilms in both English and Asian languages on material dealing with Asia, substantial additions to western language book and periodical resources on Asia, and technical and cultural materials relating to the United States. Excellent basic collections in the Oriental Library on Japan, China, and Korea are being rapidly extended and crucial contemporary documents pertaining to southeast and south Asia are being added.