(1) shall be carried out in accord with, and meet the program objectives specified in, paragraphs (1) through (11) of section 704(b);

(2) shall be managed in accord with paragraphs (12) through (14) of such section; and

(3) shall be funded by annual appropriations, subject to annual authorizations which shall be made for each fiscal year of the program (as provided in section 706) after the submission of the Task Force progress report which under section 704(e) is required to be submitted by January 15 of the calendar year in which such fiscal year begins.

(b) Nothing in this subtitle shall be deemed to grant any new regulatory authority or to limit, expand, or otherwise modify any regulatory authority under existing law, or to establish new criteria, standards, or requirements for regulation under existing law.

AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS

SEC. 706. (a) For the purpose of establishing the Task Force and developing the comprehensive plan under section 704 there is authorized to be appropriated to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for fiscal year 1981 the sum of $5,000,000, to remain available until expended.

(b) Authorizations of appropriations for the nine fiscal years following the fiscal year in which the comprehensive plan is submitted in final form under section 704(c)(3), for purposes of carrying out the comprehensive ten-year program established by section 703(a) and implementing the comprehensive plan under sections 704 and 705, shall be provided on an annual basis in authorization Acts hereafter enacted; but the total sum of dollars authorized for such purposes for such nine fiscal years shall not exceed $45,000,000 except as may be specifically provided by reference to this paragraph in the authorization Acts involved.

SUBTITLE B-CARBON DIOXIDE

STUDY

SEC. 711. (a)(1) The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall enter into an agreement with the National Academy of Sciences to carry out a comprehensive study of the projected impact, on the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, of fossil fuel combustion, coal-conversion and related synthetic fuels activities authorized in this Act, and other sources. Such study should also include an assessment of the economic, physical, climatic, and social effects of such impacts. In conducting such study the Office and the Academy are encouraged to work with domestic and foreign governmental and non-governmental entities, and international entities, so as to develop an international, worldwide assessment of the problems involved and to suggest such original research on any aspect of such problems as the Academy deems

necessary.

(2) The President shall report to the Congress within six months after the date of the enactment of this Act regarding the

status of the Office's negotiations to implement the study required under this section.

(b) A report including the major findings and recommendations resulting from this study required under this section shall be submitted to the Congress by the Office and the Academy not later than three years after the date of the enactment of this Act. The Academy contribution to such report shall not be subject to any prior clearance or review, nor shall any prior clearance or conditions be imposed on the Academy as part of the agreement made by the Office with the Academy under this section. Such report shall in any event include recommendations regarding—

(1) how a long-term program of domestic and international research, monitoring, modeling, and assessment of the causes and effects of varying levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide should be structured, including comments by the Office on the interagency requirements of such a program and comments by the Secretary of State on the international agreements required to carry out such a program;

(2) how the United States can best play a role in the development of such a long-term program on an international basis; (3) what domestic resources should be made available to such a program;

(4) how the ongoing United States Government carbon dioxide assessment program should be modified so as to be of increased utility in providing information and recommendations of the highest possible value to government policy makers; and (5) the need for periodic reports to the Congress in conjunction with any long-term program the Office and the Academy may recommend under this section.

(c) The Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Commerce, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Director of the National Science Foundation shall furnish to the Office or the Academy upon request any information which the Office or the Academy determines to be necessary for purposes of conducting the study required by this section.

(d) The Office shall provide a separate assessment of the interagency requirements to implement a comprehensive program of the type described in the third sentence of subsection (b).

AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS

SEC. 712. For the expenses of carrying out the carbon dioxide study authorized by section 711 (as determined by the Office of Science and Technology Policy) there are authorized to be appropriated such sums, not exceeding $3,000,000 in the aggregate, as may be necessary. At least 80 percent of any amounts appropriated pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be provided to the National Academy of Sciences.

APPENDIX B

PROVISIONS OF THE CLEAN AIR ACT AMENDMENTS OF 1990 (PUBLIC LAW 101-549) THAT DID NOT AMEND THE CLEAN AIR ACT

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PART B-OTHER PROVISIONS

SEC. 231. ETHANOL SUBSTITUTE FOR DIESEL.

Within one year after the enactment of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, the Administrator shall contract with a laboratory which has done research on alcohol esters of rapeseed oil to evaluate the feasibility, engine performance, emissions, and production capability associated with an alternative to diesel fuel composed of ethanol and high erucic rapeseed oil. The Administrator shall submit a report on the results of this research to Congress within 3 years of the issuance of such contract.

SEC. 233. STATES AUTHORITY TO REGULATE.

(a) STUDY.-The Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency and the Secretary of Transportation, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, shall commence a study and investigation of the testing of uninstalled aircraft engines in enclosed test cells that shall address at a minimum the following issues and such other issues as they shall deem appropriate

(1) whether technologies exist to control some or all emissions of oxides of nitrogen from test cells;

(2) the effectiveness of such technologies;

(3) the cost of implementing such technologies;

(4) whether such technologies affect the safety, design, structure, operation, or performance of aircraft engines;

(5) whether such technologies impair the effectiveness and accuracy of aircraft engine safety design, and performance tests conducted in test cells; and

(6) the impact of not controlling such oxides of nitrogen in the applicable nonattainment areas and on other sources, stationary and mobile, on oxides of nitrogen in such areas.

(b) REPORT, AUTHORITY TO REGULATE.-Not later than 24 months after enactment of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency and the Secretary of Transportation shall submit to Congress a report of the study conducted under this section. Following the completion of such study, any of the States may adopt or enforce any standard

for emissions of oxides of nitrogen from test cells only after issuing a public notice stating whether such standards are in accordance with the findings of the study.

SEC. 234. FUGITIVE DUST.

(a) Prior to any use of the Industrial Source Complex (ISC) Model using AP-42 Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors to determine the effect on air quality of fugitive particulate emissions from surface coal mines, for purposes of new source review or for purposes of demonstrating compliance with national ambient air quality standards for particulate matter applicable to periods of 24 hours or less, under section 110 or parts C or D of title I of the Clean Air Act, the Administrator shall analyze the accuracy of such model and emission factors and make revisions as may be necessary to eliminate any significant over-prediction of air quality effect of fugitive particulate emissions from such sources. Such revisions shall be completed not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Until such time as the Administrator develops a revised model for surface mine fugitive emissions, the State may use alternative empirical based modeling approaches pursuant to guidelines issued by the Administrator.".

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SEC. 303. RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT COMMISSION.

(a) ESTABLISHMENT.-There is hereby established a Risk Assessment and Management Commission (hereafter referred to in this section as the "Commission"), which shall commence proceedings not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 and which shall make a full investigation of the policy implications and appropriate uses of risk assessment and risk management in regulatory programs under various Federal laws to prevent cancer and other chronic human health effects which may result from exposure to hazardous substances.

(b) CHARGE.-The Commission shall consider

(1) the report of the National Academy of Sciences authorized by section 112(o) of the Clean Air Act, the use and limitations of risk assessment in establishing emission or effluent standards, ambient standards, exposure standards, acceptable concentration levels, tolerances or other environmental criteria for hazardous substances that present a risk of carcinogenic effects or other chronic health effects and the suitability of risk assessment for such purposes;

(2) the most appropriate methods for measuring and describing cancer risks or risks of other chronic health effects from exposure to hazardous substances considering such alternative approaches as the lifetime risk of cancer or other effects to the individual or individuals most exposed to emissions from a source or sources on both an actual and worst case basis, the range of such risks, the total number of health effects avoided by exposure reductions, effluent standards, ambient standards, exposures standards, acceptable concentration levels, tolerances and other environmental criteria, reductions in the num