Pressures for Reform in the East European Economies: Study Papers, Volume 1U.S. Government Printing Office, 1989 |
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Common terms and phrases
adjustment Albania Alton average budget Bulgaria capital central planning changes CMEA Constant consumption costs CPE's Czechoslovakia debt decline defense industries difference dollars domestic East European countries East German Eastern Europe Eastern European economic reform enterprises estimates Europe's exchange rates exports factor forces foreign trade German Democratic Republic Gross product growth rates hard currency High Hungarian Hungary Hungary's implementation imports improve indexes inputs investment labor leadership material product measures Medium ment military effort million mortality National Income natural increase nomic NSWP countries Number Rate numbers in thousands official Party percent perestroika performance effort period Poland political population problems PROJECTED reduce relative reported restructuring role Romania sector share social socialist Sources Soviet Union statistical TABLE tion trends U.S. dollars United Warsaw Pact West Western World Bank Yugoslavia
Popular passages
Page 38 - I have been a full-time staff member of the Department of International Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations...
Page 439 - Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States.
Page 516 - We are also firmly convinced that the socialist community will be successful only if every party and state cares for both its own and common interests, if it respects its friends and allies, heeds their interests and pays attention to the experience of others. Awareness of this relationship between domestic issues and the interests of world socialism is typical of the countries of the socialist community. We are united, in unity resides our strength, and from unity we draw our confidence that we...
Page 276 - The coverage of our data ranges from 95 percent to almost 100 percent of agricultural output, depending on the country. Our measures of output and inputs are based on physical quantity series consisting of from 70 to over 100 individual products for each country. Since the official output and input measures sometimes differ from those used by international organizations, or are not published, an independent, uniform calculation of all important measures was made by the Research Project on National...
Page 276 - ... end-use output from agriculture available for human consumption and industrial use, plus changes in livestock, and farm investment in kind by farmers' own efforts. The same concepts are used by the UN economic organs to calculate agricultural output in Western Europe and by the OECD member countries.
Page 118 - Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Yugoslavia.
Page 222 - Paper are the author's own, and are not necessarily shared by Rand or its research sponsors.
Page 516 - ... inalienable right" of all parties "to make decisions on the choice of paths of social development," and the "impermissibility of interference in internal affairs under any pretext whatsoever," all of the above being affirmed in an important mutual declaration with the Yugoslavs in March 1988.
Page 517 - common home" Soviet views of Europe are complex and multifaceted. They arise from the historical Russian conflict between on the one hand the Slavophile rejection of Western culture's subversive and corrupting nature and on the other the Westernizers' embrace of the values of the Enlightenment and the objectives of economic development.
Page 109 - Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom.