Climate Change: The State of the Science : Hearing Before the Committee on Science, House of Representatives, One Hundred Seventh Congress, First Session, March 14, 2001, Volume 4U.S. Government Printing Office, 2001 - 163 pages |
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Page 11
... concentrations in a more accurate fash- ion . This ties back to observations . What are the observations that we need to better tie emissions to concentrations ? Fourth , we must understand and characterize better the unre- solved ...
... concentrations in a more accurate fash- ion . This ties back to observations . What are the observations that we need to better tie emissions to concentrations ? Fourth , we must understand and characterize better the unre- solved ...
Page 26
... concentrations for Planet Earth . We are up from the incredibly low levels we saw over the past several hundred years ... concentration levels of 360 parts per million are higher than anything we have seen in the last 400,000 years . So ...
... concentrations for Planet Earth . We are up from the incredibly low levels we saw over the past several hundred years ... concentration levels of 360 parts per million are higher than anything we have seen in the last 400,000 years . So ...
Page 43
... Concentration since the Time of the Dinosaurs In Figures a - b , we see the concentration of carbon dioxide over the last 400,000 years . The key feature to note is that this concentration was tightly bound between 280-300 ppm during ...
... Concentration since the Time of the Dinosaurs In Figures a - b , we see the concentration of carbon dioxide over the last 400,000 years . The key feature to note is that this concentration was tightly bound between 280-300 ppm during ...
Page 44
... Concentration ( ppmvl 300- 290 280 270 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2040 Year ( b ) Concentration ( ppmv ] CO2 from Taylor Dome ice core ( Antarctia ) 290 285 280- 275- 270 265 260- 250 10,000 8,000 - 6,000 Age ( yr BP ) 4,000 ...
... Concentration ( ppmvl 300- 290 280 270 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2040 Year ( b ) Concentration ( ppmv ] CO2 from Taylor Dome ice core ( Antarctia ) 290 285 280- 275- 270 265 260- 250 10,000 8,000 - 6,000 Age ( yr BP ) 4,000 ...
Page 45
... Concentration [ ppmv ] 6,000 4,500. ( d ) 340 Alkanone based estimates of CO2 ורי Concentration ( ppmv ] 300 260 260 240 220 15,000,000 10,000,000 Age ( yr BP ) 5,000,000 45.
... Concentration [ ppmv ] 6,000 4,500. ( d ) 340 Alkanone based estimates of CO2 ורי Concentration ( ppmv ] 300 260 260 240 220 15,000,000 10,000,000 Age ( yr BP ) 5,000,000 45.
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Academy of Sciences aerosols agencies ALBRITTON anthropogenic areas carbon cycle carbon dioxide Chairman BOEHLERT challenge Change Research Program climate change climate models climate sensitivity climate system climate variability cloud feedback CO₂ Committee on Global concentrations decade decision Earth system ecosystems El Niño emissions energy environment fossil fuel global average Global Change Research global climate Global Environmental Change global warming greenhouse gases human activities important improved increase Institute integrated interactions IPCC IPCC WGI THIRD issue Kennel land long-term measurements National Academy National Research Council natural Niño observing system ocean ozone past physical ppmv prediction problem processes progress projected question radiative forcing response ROHRABACHER scale scenarios Science of Regional scientists sea level simulations spatial strategy SUMMARY FOR POLICYMAKERS surface temperature sustained Technology terrestrial Thank thermohaline circulation THIRD ASSESSMENT REPORT tion Total Award uncertainties understanding WGI THIRD ASSESSMENT
Popular passages
Page 140 - the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate' [5], and was sufficiently confident by the time of the Third Assessment Report to conclude that 'there is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities...
Page 129 - describe and understand the interactive physical, chemical, and biological processes that regulate the total earth system, the unique environment that it provides for life, the changes that are occurring in this system, and the manner in which they are influenced by human actions.
Page 152 - Bl storyline and scenario family describes a convergent world with the same low population growth as in the Al storyline, but with rapid changes in economic structures toward a service and information economy, with reductions in material intensity, and the introduction of clean and resource-efficient technologies.
Page 137 - In the mid- and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere over the latter half of the 20th century, it is likely7 that there has been a 2 to 4% increase in the frequency of heavy precipitation events.
Page 141 - In the light of new evidence and taking into account the remaining uncertainties, most of the observed warming over the last 50 years is likely to have been due to the increase in greenhouse gas concentrations.
Page 55 - Hemisphere indicate that the increase in temperature in the 20th century is likely to have been the largest of any century during the past 1000 years. It is also likely that, in the Northern Hemisphere, the 1990s was the warmest decade and 1998 the warmest year.
Page 137 - It is very likely7 that precipitation has increased by 0.5 to l% per decade in the 20th century over most mid- and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere continents, and it is...
Page 65 - The size of this warming is broadly consistent with predictions of climate models, but it is also of the same magnitude as natural climate variability. Thus the observed increase could be largely due to this natural variability; alternatively this variability and other human factors could have offset a still larger human-induced greenhouse warming...
Page 56 - ... about 10% in the extent of snow cover since the late 1960s, and ground-based observations show that there is very likely to have been a reduction of about two weeks in the annual duration of lake and river ice cover in the mid- and high latitudes of the northern hemisphere, over the 20th century.
Page 126 - Agenda 21 is a comprehensive plan of action to be taken globally, nationally and locally by...