Climate Change: The State of the Science : Hearing Before the Committee on Science, House of Representatives, One Hundred Seventh Congress, First Session, March 14, 2001, Volume 4U.S. Government Printing Office, 2001 - 163 pages |
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Page 4
... anthropogenic activities , what evidence supports this assertion , and how reliable is that evidence ? • What factors limit our ability to detect , attribute , and understand current cli- mate change and to project what future climate ...
... anthropogenic activities , what evidence supports this assertion , and how reliable is that evidence ? • What factors limit our ability to detect , attribute , and understand current cli- mate change and to project what future climate ...
Page 61
... anthropogenic causes . Characterizing land - surface / biosphere / atmosphere interactions . Research foci : Land - surface changes provide important feedbacks in the climate system since climate changes influence the state of the land ...
... anthropogenic causes . Characterizing land - surface / biosphere / atmosphere interactions . Research foci : Land - surface changes provide important feedbacks in the climate system since climate changes influence the state of the land ...
Page 68
... anthropogenic green- house forcing . Although we know that the overall net effect of clouds on the radi- ative balance is slightly negative , we do not know the sign of cloud feedback with respect to the increase of greenhouse gases ...
... anthropogenic green- house forcing . Although we know that the overall net effect of clouds on the radi- ative balance is slightly negative , we do not know the sign of cloud feedback with respect to the increase of greenhouse gases ...
Page 69
... anthropogenic warming transmitted either from the atmosphere or the ocean or whether they mostly reflect a major mode of multi - decadal variability . Some of this pattern of warming has been attrib- uted to recent trends in the Arctic ...
... anthropogenic warming transmitted either from the atmosphere or the ocean or whether they mostly reflect a major mode of multi - decadal variability . Some of this pattern of warming has been attrib- uted to recent trends in the Arctic ...
Page 71
... anthropogenic CO2 it has been assumed that the biological system would not be affected by climate change , and therefore only the chemical solubility in addition to the physical circula- tion has been treated in models . This was based ...
... anthropogenic CO2 it has been assumed that the biological system would not be affected by climate change , and therefore only the chemical solubility in addition to the physical circula- tion has been treated in models . This was based ...
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Common terms and phrases
Academy of Sciences aerosols agencies ALBRITTON anthropogenic areas carbon cycle carbon dioxide Chairman BOEHLERT challenge Change Research Program climate change climate models climate sensitivity climate system climate variability cloud feedback CO₂ Committee on Global concentrations decade decision Earth system ecosystems El Niņo emissions energy environment fossil fuel global average Global Change Research global climate Global Environmental Change global warming greenhouse gases human activities important improved increase Institute integrated interactions IPCC IPCC WGI THIRD issue Kennel land long-term measurements National Academy National Research Council natural Niņo observing system ocean ozone past physical ppmv prediction problem processes progress projected question radiative forcing response ROHRABACHER scale scenarios Science of Regional scientists sea level simulations spatial strategy SUMMARY FOR POLICYMAKERS surface temperature sustained Technology terrestrial Thank thermohaline circulation THIRD ASSESSMENT REPORT tion Total Award uncertainties understanding WGI THIRD ASSESSMENT
Popular passages
Page 140 - the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate' [5], and was sufficiently confident by the time of the Third Assessment Report to conclude that 'there is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities...
Page 129 - describe and understand the interactive physical, chemical, and biological processes that regulate the total earth system, the unique environment that it provides for life, the changes that are occurring in this system, and the manner in which they are influenced by human actions.
Page 152 - Bl storyline and scenario family describes a convergent world with the same low population growth as in the Al storyline, but with rapid changes in economic structures toward a service and information economy, with reductions in material intensity, and the introduction of clean and resource-efficient technologies.
Page 137 - In the mid- and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere over the latter half of the 20th century, it is likely7 that there has been a 2 to 4% increase in the frequency of heavy precipitation events.
Page 141 - In the light of new evidence and taking into account the remaining uncertainties, most of the observed warming over the last 50 years is likely to have been due to the increase in greenhouse gas concentrations.
Page 55 - Hemisphere indicate that the increase in temperature in the 20th century is likely to have been the largest of any century during the past 1000 years. It is also likely that, in the Northern Hemisphere, the 1990s was the warmest decade and 1998 the warmest year.
Page 137 - It is very likely7 that precipitation has increased by 0.5 to l% per decade in the 20th century over most mid- and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere continents, and it is...
Page 65 - The size of this warming is broadly consistent with predictions of climate models, but it is also of the same magnitude as natural climate variability. Thus the observed increase could be largely due to this natural variability; alternatively this variability and other human factors could have offset a still larger human-induced greenhouse warming...
Page 56 - ... about 10% in the extent of snow cover since the late 1960s, and ground-based observations show that there is very likely to have been a reduction of about two weeks in the annual duration of lake and river ice cover in the mid- and high latitudes of the northern hemisphere, over the 20th century.
Page 126 - Agenda 21 is a comprehensive plan of action to be taken globally, nationally and locally by...