Report of the United States Commission on Civil Rights, Volume 3U.S. Government Printing Office, 1961 |
Common terms and phrases
14th amendment 4th Cir action Acts administration admission amicus curiae applications approved Arkansas Attorney basis Board of Education City Commission Commission's constitutionality County School Board Court of Appeals denial of equal denied desegregation desegregation plan elementary schools enrolled equal protection Federal court order Federal district court formerly white schools funds Gatlinburg Georgia Governor grade grade-a-year Helena Parish Ibid initial assignments junior high school legislature Library Services Little Rock Louisiana massive resistance Negro children Negro pupils Negro school Negro students North Carolina number of Negro officials operation Orleans Parish Orleans Parish School parents Parish School Board percent plaintiffs Prince Edward County private schools public education pupil placement law Race Rel racial segregation reported school attendance school districts School Segregation segregated school September 1960 Sess statute Supp supra Supreme Court teachers tion transfer tuition grants United Virginia Washington D.C. white pupils white students Williamsburg
Popular passages
Page 7 - ... to achieve a system of determining admission to the public schools on a non-racial basis, and revision of local laws and regulations •which may be necessary in solving the foregoing problems.
Page 1 - Our progress as a nation can be no swifter than our progress In education. Our requirements for world leadership, our hopes for economic growth, and the demands of citizenship itself in an era such as this all require the maximum development of every young American's capacity. The human mind is our fundamental resource.
Page 1 - ... (2) study and collect information concerning legal developments constituting a denial of equal protection of laws under the Constitution...
Page 66 - It is, of course, quite true that the responsibility for public education is primarily the concern of the States, but it is equally true that such responsibilities, like all other state activity, must be exercised consistently with federal constitutional requirements as they apply to state action.
Page 5 - In these days, it is doubtful that any child may reasonably be expected to succeed in life if he is denied the opportunity of an education. Such an opportunity, where the state has undertaken to provide it, is a right which must be made available to all on equal terms. We come then to the question presented: Does segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race, even though the physical facilities and other "tangible" factors may be equal, deprive the children of the minority...
Page 85 - The constitutional provision, therefore, must mean that no agency of the state, or of the officers or agents by whom its powers are exerted, shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Whoever, by virtue of public position under a state government, deprives another of property, life or liberty without due process of law, or denies or takes away the equal protection of the laws, violates the constitutional inhibition; and as he acts in the name and for the state,...
Page 79 - It has not decided that the federal courts are to take over or regulate the public schools of the states. It has not decided that the states must mix persons of different races in the schools or must require them to attend schools or must deprive them of the right of choosing the schools they attend. What it has decided, and all that it has decided, is that a state may not deny to any persons on account of race the right to attend any school that it maintains.
Page 238 - Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; West, Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
Page 144 - State such part of the remainder of such sums as the rural population of the State bears to the rural population of the United States, according to the most recent decennial census.