Countdown to Kyoto, Parts I-III: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Energy and Environment of the Committee on Science, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session, October 7, 9, and November 6, 1997, Part 1U.S. Government Printing Office, 1998 - 2418 pages |
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Page viii
... Greenhouse Gases 437 Deforestation 438 Is Climate Change Underway ? 438 October 9 , 1997 : Countdown to Kyoto , Part ... Greenhouse Gas Emissions 443 Efficiency of U.S. Markets 443 Regional Economic Impacts 445 Cost Impacts of Near ...
... Greenhouse Gases 437 Deforestation 438 Is Climate Change Underway ? 438 October 9 , 1997 : Countdown to Kyoto , Part ... Greenhouse Gas Emissions 443 Efficiency of U.S. Markets 443 Regional Economic Impacts 445 Cost Impacts of Near ...
Page 19
... greenhouse gases " produced by human activity , especially carbon dioxide , are increasing and that these gases warm the surface by enhancing the natural greenhouse effect . These facts are undisputed . But these gases are not the only ...
... greenhouse gases " produced by human activity , especially carbon dioxide , are increasing and that these gases warm the surface by enhancing the natural greenhouse effect . These facts are undisputed . But these gases are not the only ...
Page 23
... greenhouse gases is decades or centuries . In the second place , it takes decades for the climate system to respond to imposed forcings ( such as greenhouse gas and aerosol changes ) due to the large mass of water in the upper ocean ...
... greenhouse gases is decades or centuries . In the second place , it takes decades for the climate system to respond to imposed forcings ( such as greenhouse gas and aerosol changes ) due to the large mass of water in the upper ocean ...
Page 46
... greenhouse effect is a warming influence caused by the presence in the air of gases and clouds which are very efficient absorbers and radiators of this infrared radiation . The greenhouse effect is opposed by substances at the surface ...
... greenhouse effect is a warming influence caused by the presence in the air of gases and clouds which are very efficient absorbers and radiators of this infrared radiation . The greenhouse effect is opposed by substances at the surface ...
Page 47
... emissions of greenhouse gases are very uncertain . The uncertainty in these forecasts is increased even further because the predictions of future emissions of greenhouse gases are dependent on equally uncertain global forecasts of ...
... emissions of greenhouse gases are very uncertain . The uncertainty in these forecasts is increased even further because the predictions of future emissions of greenhouse gases are dependent on equally uncertain global forecasts of ...
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achieve Administration aerosols agreement American American Meteorological Society analysis Annex I countries Association atmosphere benefits carbon dioxide carbon emissions carbon tax Chairman CALVERT Chupka climate models climate system CO₂ CO2 emissions coal Committee concentrations cost-effective costs developing countries economic electricity emission limits emission reductions emissions trading energy efficiency energy prices energy-intensive Environment environmental estimates forecast fossil fuels future gases GCMs GHG emissions Global Change global climate change global warming greenhouse effect greenhouse gas emissions human impacts implementation improved increase industry Institute investment IPCC issue Kyoto lead authors measures mitigation Montreal Protocol National natural gas options ozone Panel on Climate pollution potential predictions President production projected proposed radiative forcing reduce emissions reduce greenhouse gas regions result risks satellite scenarios Science scientific scientists sector Subcommittee SUMMARY FOR POLICYMAKERS technologies temperature testimony treaty uncertainty United Virginia Washington
Popular passages
Page 558 - Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.
Page 571 - the balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate...
Page 589 - Affirming that responses to climate change should be coordinated with social and economic development in an integrated manner with a view to avoiding adverse impacts on the latter, taking into full account the legitimate priority needs of developing countries for the achievement of sustained economic growth and the eradication of poverty...
Page 45 - J. Antsaklis received his Diploma in Mechanical and Electrical Engineering from the National Technical University of Athens, Greece in 1972 and his M.Sc and Ph.D in Electrical Engineering from Brown University, Providence, RI in 1974 and 1977, respectively.
Page 595 - Our ability to quantify the human influence on global climate is currently limited because the expected signal is still emerging from the noise of natural variability, and because there are uncertainties in key factors. These include the magnitude and patterns of...
Page 581 - desertification' means land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities...
Page 6 - Nevertheless, the balance of evidence suggests that there is a discernible human influence on global climate.
Page 596 - IPCC scenario (IS92e) combined with a "high" value of climate sensitivity gives a warming of about 3.5°C. In all cases the average rate of warming would probably be greater than any seen in the last 10,000 years, but the actual annual to decadal changes would include considerable natural variability. Regional temperature changes could differ substantially from the global mean value. Because of the thermal inertia of the oceans, only 50-90% of the eventual equilibrium temperature change would have...
Page 162 - Economic studies have found that there are many potential policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for which the total benefits outweigh the total costs. For the United States in particular, sound economic analysis shows that there are policy options that would slow climate change without...
Page 581 - CO2 equilibrium conditions, a substantial fraction (a global average of one-third, varying by region from one-seventh to twothirds) of the existing forested area of the world will undergo major changes in broad vegetation types — with...