larly, the grade point average of students enrolled in this survey increased from 2.2 to 2.8.

f. Research and Development Projects, Including Training

Research and development funds allotted to the State under part C have been invaluable in that such funds enabled the initiation of two developmental projects in the Department of Education and several other projects in the University of Hawaii system. Some of the projects are briefly described below:

Data Collection and Maintenance System

The data collection and maintenance system is being developed to improve the overall management system in vocational education. This system is needed to provide the necessary information for current administration, planning, and research activities. The data collection system is also being developed as part of the total Department of Education data system which is also in the development stage. The total system is expected to be ready to implement by 1978.

The program for the data collection system to generate the statistical reports for the U.S. Office of Education has been completed and tested. A subsequent program for the followup report has also been completed and is now being tested.

The Career Development Continuum, K–14

The career development continuum project is being developed in three phases: (1) to research and develop a conceptual model for a career development, and (3) to provide in-service training to implementors of the program.

The career development program is planned to be incorporated within the existing educational structure and organization in the State of Hawaii. This program is envisioned to produce lasting and important results for the youth of Hawaii by improving the areas of guidance and counseling. The program will integrate and combine elements of self-appraisal, self-understanding, adequate educational planning, academic preparation for work, attitudes toward work, and occupational information, and occupational training. This overall project will be closely correlated with the emerging career development models.

The first phase of the project was completed in December 1972, and the prototype guides are expected to be completed by June, 1973.

Community Manpower Surreys and Related Vocational Education Requirements

Funding is provided from a number of different sources including general State vocational education funds, part B funds and other State agencies' funding resources in terms of personnel services.

(1) Kauai community occupation survey (part C research funds. were utilized in the first phase of the survey in fiscal year 1972)— Anticipated completion and publication of labor demand and supply requirements of Kauai County is the focus of this project which is being carried out by the institutional researcher at Kauai Community College in cooperation with the RCU staff and the Hawaii State Department of Labor and Planning and Economic Development.

(2) Health Manpower Survey-A Statewide survey of health manpower requirements was initiated in spring 1972 and continued in the summer and fall of the year. Due to late questionnaire returns, the final data and published results are not expected until early summer 1973. The project is a cooperative project between Kapiolani Community College and the Hawaii State Department of Labor and Industrial Relations with coordination and computerized costs being provided by the Hawaii RCU.

A Statewide Follow-up of Postsecondary Vocational Education Graduates.

Since the community colleges were interested in a systematic, comparable method of vocational graduate follow-up inquiry, a pilot follow-up survey had been conducted at one of the college for the previous year and the basic techniques and survey instrument were then applied toward the Statewide survey. Coordination, data tabulation services were supplied by the Hawaii RCU with designated college project researchers agreed to implement the collection of survey information and the analyses of survey results for their respective campuses and implications for their vocational instruction.

programs.

STATE ADVISORY COUNCILS

The Hawaii Advisory Council on Vocational and Technical Education was established in May, 1969, and restructured in July, 1970 by the State legislature. Since 1970, the council has served simultaneously as the State Commission on Manpower and Full Employment with 18 members. To date, it has issued three evaluation reports (fiscal year 1970, fiscal year 1971, fiscal year 1972), two reports for information purposes aimed at the general public, and a number of special reports for the State board's use.

Perhaps the most significant contribution of the council has been in facilitating communication between vocational education programs and labor, industry, and the general public. Through active council support of vocational education activities and council participation in workshops, conferences, and seminars, administrators and instructional personnel have benefited from council input. In particular, the council has become active recently in promoting vocational education in the State legislature and has taken a more active role in communicating its concerns to the State Board for Vocational Education.

The role of the council vis-a-vis the State director's office has been a mutually supportive and reinforcing role rather than an adversary

one.

Council recommendations in many cases have coincided with decisions made independently by the State director's office for program improvement. They include:

a. Updating of the State Master Plan for Vocational Education

Developed in 1968, the master plan provided the basis for the restructuring and strengthening of vocational education on the secondary and post-secondary levels. The council recommended that an assessment of progress under the State master plan be made and a study to update or revise the plan be undertaken. Such a study will be completed by July, 1973.

b. Articulation Between the Secondary and Post-Secondary Levels

The council recommended the formation of a joint committee of the Department of Education and the community colleges to meet periodically to coordinate courses and services. An articulation conference was held in November, 1972, followed by a series of workshops which produced proposals for agreement in four basic areas in vocational education. Work will continue in additional areas in fiscal year 1974.

c. Counseling and Guidance

The council recommended better vocational guidance and counseling at all levels of schooling. Under the direction of the Department of Education, a career development continuum project for grades K-14 was initiated in fiscal year 1973. Curriculum guides will be completed in July, 1973, for K-12 components.

A new Hawaii career information center serving Honolulu district needs as well as providing Statewide information services will be established by summer, 1973. The project succeeds the Occupational Information and Guidance Service Center which was phased out. The council had recommended that a project succeed the OIGSC which would continue the cooperative arrangement between the DOE and the community colleges to provide a centralized career information service. The Hawaii Career Information Center will meet these needs.

d. Programs for the Handicapped

The council recommended more programs for the handicapped at the community college level. An intensive food service training program for deaf and hard-of-hearing adults was completed in June, 1972, and other programs will be initiated in summer, 1973.

a. Summary

SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The graphs and tables in this report have shown substantial increases in enrollment. Besides increases in enrollment, other developments included encouraging vocational educators to provide more

flexibility and options and to seek new solutions to old problems. The drive toward flexibility caused practically all vocational education courses which were lumped in large units to be reduced to smaller but more effective and functional instructional units.

The community colleges were also requested to develop concentrated and accelerated training programs to meet the needs of students with widely varying levels of intelligence, aptitude, aspiration, and in

terest.

Secondary and community college educators-in their endeavor to seek better curriculum patterns, more effective learning and teaching processes, and better articulation-are questioning themselves on current practices and critically studying those programs which they suspect were based more on tradition than on sound educational considerations.

It seems that we are at the threshold of greater improvement, development, and progress in vocational education, but more funds are needed. Although much progress has been made and many inspiring success stories can be told, there is much still to be done. b. Recommendations

I believe that:

Federal appropriations for vocational education should be increased to the level of authorization.

Allocation of Federal funds to the various States should take into consideration problems which are unique to a state. For example, did you know that: the cost to transport an itinerant teacher from Oahu to the Island of Hawaii is $52 (round trip)? The transportation cost to send vocational educators to the Mainland for a meeting or conference for upgrading will exceed $215?

The meeting place for regional meetings of the U.S. Office of Education should be rotated among the States within the region. The host State will then be able to take advantage of the resources available prior to or after the meeting.

IDAHO

(State Director-Roy D. Irons)

INTRODUCTION

Vocational education in Idaho has grown approximately 100 percent (16.926 to 33,895) during the period fiscal year 1963 to fiscal year 1972. It is projected to increase another 35 percent by fiscal year 1977 to 45,500. Much of the motivation for these gains has come from the Vocational Education Act of 1963 and the amendments of 1968. Another major growth reason was the tremendous awakening of the populace and the State legislature toward the need for vocational education.

The largest percentage increase was in the postsecondary field with 201 percent. This is due to doubling the number of area vocational technical schools providing vocational education (from three to six) and expanding the programs offered and the facilities.

Secondary enrollment, including all programs, increased 101 percent with 11,382 more students being served in 1972. These increases were across the board, but were very heavy in office occupations due to their not being included in the State enrollment figures prior to 1964 (except for a few co-op programs).

PUBLIC LAW 90-576 "PART B"

a. Job Training Enrollments

The accompanying chart, page 2, shows increases from fiscal year 1963 to fiscal year 1972 of 172 percent for secondary students served, 197 percent for postsecondary students served, and 58 percent for adults served by part B. of the act. Projections to fiscal year 1977 show a further increase of 42 percent for secondary, 71 percent for postsecondary, and 38 percent for adults, over fiscal year 1972.

b. General Descriptions

Growth has been especially large in the office occupations as ongoing programs were made eligible for vocational education funding and new programs were started. Health occupations programs were started at the secondary level using "B" funds.

Additional program offerings initiated since 1963 include food service, general industrial mechanics, drafting, welding, and auto body repair at the secondary level; and farm diesel and hydraulics, forestry aide, operating room technician, respiratory therapy technology, law enforcement, millwright, consumer applicance repair and nuclear technology at the postsecondary level. There programs were developed to meet employment needs due to expanding technology.