PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.

(a) Relations with the House.

(b) Approval and disapproval of bills.
(c) Elections, inauguration, etc.
(d) Messages of. See "Messages."

(e) President's veto. See "Veto."

(f) Impeachment of. See "Impeachment." (a) Relations with the House.

The Constitution provides that Congress shall meet on the first Monday in December of every year, and that the President may on extraordinary occasions convene both or either of the Houses. (1) Constitution, Article I, section 4, p. 5; Article II, section 3, p. 23. The President may convene both Houses, or either of them, and in case of disagreement as to adjournment may adjourn them. (1486) Constitution, Article II, section 3, p. 23.

A resolution that the rights and dignity of the House have been invaded by the Executive presents a question of privilege. (140) 2-53, Journal, pp. 43, 44, Record, pp. 397–400; 2–58, Journal p. 26, Record pp.

55-58.

Entitled to the privilege of the floor of the House during its sessions. (1740) Rule XXXIV.

The Speaker assigns gallery accommodation to the President. (1741) Rule XXXV.

A protest by President Tyler against certain proceedings of the House was declared a breach of privilege. (136) 2-27, Journal, p. 1459,

Globe, pp. 973, 974, 994.

An appeal of a Member to the President for protection was considered derogatory to the privileges of the House. (158) 1-6, Annals, pp. 374, 378, 387, 426, 506; American State Papers, Miscel., vol. 1, p. 196. The assault upon the private secretary of the President in the Capitol in 1828. (161) 1-20, Debates, p. 2715.

Forms of resolutions adopted for final adjournment, and notification of the President. (1531, 1532) 2-54, Record, pp. 2981, 2986; 1-55, Record, p. 2973.

A reference in debate to the probable action of the President of the United States was held to involve no breach of order. 1-57, Record, p. 3371.

Proceedings and exercises in memory of the late President McKinley. 1-57, Journal, pp. 50, 223, 394; Record, pp. 93, 693, 2197–2202. (b) Approval and disapproval of bills.

The enrolling, signing, and presentation of bills to the President. (478) Jefferson's Manual, Section XLVIII, p. 212.

Provisions of the Constitution relating to the approval and disapproval of bills by the President. (1466) Constitution, Article I, section 7, p. 7.

PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES-Continued. (b) Approval and disapproval of bills-Continued.

A bill not returned by the President within ten days of its presentation to him (Sundays excepted) becomes a law unless Congress by their adjournment prevent its return. (1466) Constitution, Article I, section 7, p. 7.

Bills, resolutions, orders, and votes passed by the two Houses in concurrence are required by the Constitution to be presented to the President for approval. (452) Constitution, Article I, section 7, p. 7. Bills that have been sent to the President are sometimes recalled by the House. (479, 480) 1-51, Journal, p. 828; 1-54, Record, p. 1703. The process of recalling from the President and amending an enrolled bill. 2-56, Journal, p. 178, Record, p. 1762: 2-58, Record, pp. 2740, 2839, 3509.

According to the later practice, a bill recalled from the President may not be amended by the two Houses. 1-57, Record, pp. 2845, 2876, 2926, 3754, 4141.

A bill wrongly enrolled was recalled from the President, who erased his signature, and recommitted to the Committee on Enrolled Bills with instructions. 2-56, Journal, p. 85, Record, p. 553.

Instance wherein a bill enrolled and signed by the Presiding Officers of the two Houses at one session, was sent to the President and approved at the next session. 3-58, Record, pp. 66, 125; Bills H. R. Nos. 10516 and 11444.

The question whether or not concurrent resolutions should be presented to the President for approval. (453) 2-54, Senate Report No. 1335. The Chairman of the Committee on Enrolled Bills reports daily the enrolled bills presented to the President of the United States for approval. 1-57, Journal, p. 346, Record, p. 1778.

(c) Election, inauguration, etc.

The Constitution specifies what shall constitute a quorum of the House for the election of a President. (239) Constitution, Article XII, p. 40. Proceedings in relation to the Electoral Count of 1905. 3-58, Record, pp. 64, 459, 586, 918, 1156, 2052, 2062, 2089, 2090.

Rules for the election of a President by the House. (1768) 2-18, Journal, pp. 213, 215, 220, 222.

The inauguration of the President. (1769) 1-45, Senate Journal, March 5, 1877; 3-46, Record, March 4, 1881; 2-50, Record, pp. 2720, 2721. Arrangements for the inauguration of the President of the United States (but not Vice-President) made by a joint committee of the two Houses. 2-56, Journal, p. 194, Record, p. 1960; 3-58, Record, pp. 341, 602.

A bill to amend the law in relation to vacancies in the offices of President and Vice-President was treated as highly privileged. (143) 2-44, Journal, pp. 555, 556, Record, p. 1980.

PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES-Continued.

(c) Election, Inauguration, etc.-Continued.

Subjects relating to the election of, belong to the jurisdiction of the Committee on Election of President, Vice-President, and Representatives in Congress. (645) Rule XI, section 37.

PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.

See "Messages."

PRESS CORRESPONDENTS.

Alleged misconduct of an occupant of the press gallery, although occurring during a former Congress, brought before the House as matter of privilege. (123) 1–48, Journal, p. 444, Record, p. 741. The Speaker may admit to the press gallery, and allow representatives of the news associations the privileges of the floor. (1742) Rule XXXVI, section 2.

Copies of the Congressional Record are furnished to newspaper correspondents. 31 Stat. L., p. 713.

PREVIOUS QUESTION.

(a) Rule and practice.

(b) By whom moved.

(c) Application of.

(d) Effect of-Generally.

(e) Effect of After adjournment.
(f) Questions in order pending.

(g) Debate after it is ordered.

(h) Relation to reconsideration.

(i) When ordered by less than a quorum.

(j) In relation to the motion to refer.

(k) In relation to the motion to refer-Amendments.

(1) In relation to the motion to refer—Application of, etc.

(a) Rule and practice.

The rule of the previous question.

(959) Rule XVII, section 1.

The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate. (924) Rule XVI, section 4.

It is a privileged motion and has a precedence determined by rule. (924) Rule XVI, section 4.

The previous question may not be ordered at once on two bills. 2-57, Record, p. 1492.

A motion for the previous question may not be laid on the table. (955) 2-29, Journal, p. 252, Globe, p. 982.

A motion to amend the motion for the previous question is not in order. (1045) Jefferson's Manual, Section XXXIII, p. 181.

The motion to postpone may not be entertained after the previous question has been ordered. 1-56, Record, p. 6250.

The form of putting the previous question. (1045, footnote.)

PREVIOUS QUESTION-Continued.

(a) Rule and practice-Continued.

It has generally, although not always, been held that the question of consideration may not be raised against a bill on which the previous question has been ordered. (815, 816) 1-48, Record, p. 5543; 2-52, Journal, p. 33, Record, p. 381; 2-50, Record, pp. 1062, 1400. Under the earlier practice of the House the motion to lay on the table was admitted after the previous question had been ordered, but later decisions have reversed the practice. (949-952) 1–28, Journal, p. 490, Globe, p. 332; 2-45, Journal, p. 1090, Record, pp. 3438, 3521– 3523; 3-55, Record, p. 1662.

The previous question being demanded on a resolution, and the yeas and nays ordered on that demand, a motion to lay the resolution on table was held not in order. 2-56, Record, p. 555.

Admitted while the House is acting as in Committee of the Whole. (802) Jefferson's Manual, Section XXX, p. 172.

During the consideration of a bill in the House as in Committee of the Whole the previous question may be demanded while Members yet desire to offer amendments. ( (803, 804) 2-44, Record, p. 1321; 1-49, Journal, p. 1412, Record, p. 3893; 3-58, Record, p. 2499.

The motion for the previous question not in order in Committee of the Whole. (744) Jefferson's Manual, Section XII, p. 148.

(b) By whom moved.

A Member favoring the bill is entitled to prior recognition to move the previous question. (71) 1-49, Journal, pp. 2225-2227, Record, pp. 7053-7057.

A Member may not demand the previous question if the Member in charge of the bill claims the floor for debate. (79) 2–55, Record, p. 5763; 2-57, Record, p. 2857.

A Member having obtained the floor to make a preferential motion, may not thereupon demand the previous question to the exclusion of the Member in charge of the bill. 2-56, Record, p. 3577.

A Member opposed to a bill, having the floor, may make a motion for the previous question, although the effect of the motion may be to deprive the Member in charge of his control of the bill. 1-56, Record, p. 4864.

The Member in charge of the bill and having the floor may demand the previous question, although another Member may propose to offer a motion of higher privilege; but the motion of higher privilege must be put before the previous question. (81) 1-52, Journal, p. 288, Record, pp. 6061, 6080.

If, after debate, the Member in charge of a measure does not move the previous question, another Member, having the floor, may do so. (86) 1-54, Journal, p. 484, Record, p. 5203.

PREVIOUS QUESTION-Continued.

(c) Application of.

The previous question may be asked on a single motion or on a series of motions. (959) Rule XVII,section 1.

The previous question may not be ordered at once on two bills. 2-56, Record, p. 454.

The previous question may be moved on both the motion to refer and on the pending resolution. 2-58, Record, p. 103.

The previous question applies to a question of privilege as to any other question. (95, 962) 2-27, Journal, pp. 573–576, Globe, pp. 343, 345; 1-28, Journal, p. 882, Globe, p. 579; 3–58, Record, p. 248.

Before rules were adopted it was held in order to demand the previous question on a resolution relating to the order of business. (964) 1-53, Journal, p. 23, Record, p. 1027.

The previous question may not be applied both to the question of agreeing to a conference report and to the question of asking a further conference on amendments yet in disagreement. (963) 2-5ì, Journal, p. 346, Record, p. 3711.

The previous question may be used on a bill considered in the House as in Committee of the Whole. 3-55, Journal, p. 152, Record, p. 1654.

While the House is proceeding as in Committee of the Whole the previous question may not be moved on a single section of a bill; but it has been decided that it may be moved on a motion to close debate on such section. (805) 2-48, Journal, p. 127, Record, pp. 333-334. The previous question may not be asked on a motion to go into Committee of the Whole to consider a general appropriation bill. 3-55, Record, pp. 1995, 1996.

The motion to close general debate in Committee of the Whole is made pending the motion that the House resolve itself into committee, and though not debatable the previous question is sometimes asked to prevent attempts at amendment of the motion. (915) 2–54, Record, p. 2218.

The previous question having been ordered on resolutions with a preamble, it was decided that it did not include the preamble. (465) 1-34, Journal, p. 1217, Globe, p. 1642; 1-56, Record, p. 2429. In order to prevent amendments the previous question is sometimes ordered on undebatable motions. 2-56, Record, p. 411.

(d) Effect of Generally.

When the previous question is demanded all debate, even the asking of a question, is precluded. (971) 1–28, Journal, p. 1003.

After the motion is made for the previous question all incidental questions of order, whether on appeal or otherwise, are decided without debate. (961) Rule XVII, section 3.