4 To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization,' and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States;* 5 2 Sturges v. Crowninshield, 4 Wh., 122; McMillan v. McNeil, 4 Wh., 209; Farmers and Mechanics' Bank, Pennsylvania, v. Smith, 6 Wh., 131; Ogden v. Saunders, 12 Wh., 213; 2 Boyle v. Zacharie and Turner, 6 Pet., 348; 1Gassies v. Ballon, 6 Pet., 761; 2 Beers et al. . Haughton, 9 Pet., 329; Suydam et al. v. Broadnax, 14 Pet., 67; 2Cook v. Moffat et al., 5 How., 295; Dred Scott v. Sanford, 19 How., 393; Nishimura Ekiu e. The United States, 142 U. S., 651; 2 Hanover National Bank v. Moyses, 186 U. S., 181. 1 2 1 To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures; Briscoe v. The Bank of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, 11 Pet., 257; Fox v. The State of Ohio, 5 How., 410; United States v. Marigold, 9 How., 560. To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States; 7 Fox . The State of Ohio, 5 How., 410; United States v. Marigold, 9 How., 560. To establish Post Offices and post Roads; State of Pennsylvania v. The Wheeling and Belmont Bridge Company, 18 How., 421; Pensacola Telegraph Co. v. Western Union Telegraph Co., 96 U. S., 1; Ex Parte Jackson, 96 U. S., 727; In re Rapier, 143 U. S., 110; Horner v. United States, 143 U. S., 207; In re Debs, Petitioner, 158 U. S., 564; Illinois Central Railroad Co. r. Illinois, 163 U. S., 142; Gladson v. Minnesota, 166 U. S., 427. To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries; 9 Grant et al. v. Raymond, 6 Pet., 218; Wheaton et als. v. Peters et als., 8 Pet., 591; Trade-mark Cases, 100 U. S., 82; Burrow Giles Lithographic Co. v. Sarony, 111 U. S., 53; United States v. Duell, 172 U. S., 576. To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court; 10 To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offences against the Law of Nations; United States v. Palmer, 3 Wh., 610; United States v. Wiltberger, 5 Wh., 76; United States v. Smith, 5 Wh., 153; United States . Pirates, 5 Wh., 184; United States v. Arjona, 120 U. S., 479. To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water; Brown v. United States, 8 Cr., 110; American Insurance Company et al. . Canter (356 bales cotton), 1 Pet., 511; Mrs. Alexan 1 der's cotton, 2 Wall., 404; Miller v. United States, 11 Wall., 268; Tyler . Defrees, 11 Wall., 331; Stewart . Kahn, 11 Wall., 493; Hamilton . Dillin, 21 Wall., 73; Lamar, ex., . Browne et al., 92 U. S., 187; Mayfield v. Richards, 115 U. S., 137; The Chinese Exclusion Cases, 130 U. S., 581; Mormon Church v. United States, 136 U. S., 1; Nishimura Ekiu r. The United States, 142 U. S., 651. 12 To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years; Crandall v. State of Nevada, 6 Wall., 35; Nishimura Ekiu . The United States, 142 U. S., 651. 13 To provide and maintain a Navy; United States v. Bevans, 3 Wh., 336; Dynes r. Hoover, 20 How., 65. 14 To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces; To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions: Houston v. Moore, 5 Wh., 1; Martin e. Mott, 12 Wh., 19; Luther v. Borden, 7 How., 1; Crandall v. State of Nevada, 6 Wall., 35; Texas. White, 7 Wall., 700. 16 To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress; 17 Houston. Moore, 5 Wh., 1; Martin e. Mott, 12 Wh., 19; Luther r. Borden, 7 How., 1; Presser r. Illinois, 116 U. S., 252. To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, and Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings;-And Hepburn et al. . Ellzey, 2 Cr., 444; Loughborough . Blake, 5 Wh., 317; Cohens r. Virginia, 6 Wh., 264; American Insurance Company v. Canter (356 bales cotton), 1 Pet., 511; Kendall, Postmaster-General, v. The United States, 12 Pet., 524; United States r. Dewitt, 9 Wall., 41; Dunphy r. Kleinsmith et al., 11 Wall., 610; Willard v. Presbury, 14 Wall., 676; Kohl et al. v. United States, 91 18 To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof. McCulloch. The State of Maryland, 4 Wh., 316; Wayman r. Southard, 10 Wh., 1; Bank of United States v. Halstead, 10 Wh., 51; Hepburn . Griswold, 8 Wall., 603; National Bank r. Commonwealth, 9 Wall., 353; Thomson v. Pacific Railroad, 9 Wall., 579; Parker v. Davis, 12 Wall., 457; Railroad Company . Johnson, 15 Wall., 195; Railroad Company . Peniston, 18 Wall., 5; United States v. Fox, 95 U. S., 670; United States v. Hall, 98 U. S., 343; Tennessee . Davis, 100 U. S., 257; Ex parte Curtis, 106 U. S., 371; Legal Tender case, 110 U. S., 421; Stoutenburgh v. Hennick, 129 U. S., 141; The Chinese Exclusion Case, 130 U. S., 581; Crenshaw r. United States, 134 U. S., 99; Cherokee Nation . Southern Kansas R. R., 135 U. S., 641; Nishimura Ekiu . The United States, 142 U. S., 651; Field . Clark, 143 U. S., 649; Logan v. United States, 144 U. S., 263; Fong Yue Ting r. United States, 149 U. S., 698; Lees v. United States, 150 U. S., 476; Interstate Commerce Commission v. Brimson, 154 U. S., 447; Clune . United States, 159 U. S., 590; Motes v. United States, 178 U. S., 458; Buttfield r. Stranahan, 192 U. S., 470. 1 SECTION. 9. The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person. Dred Scott . Sanford, 19, How., 393. The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it. United States r. Hamilton, 3 Dall., 17; Hepburn et al. . Ellzey, 2 Cr., 445; Ex parte Bollman and Swartwout, 4 Cr., 75; Ex parte Kearney, 7 Wh., 38; Ex parte Tobias Watkins, 3 Pet., 192; Ex parte Milburn, 9 Pet., 704; Holmes v. Jennison et al., 14 Pet., 540; Ex parte Dorr, 3 How., 103; Luther v. Borden, 7 How., 1; Ableman. Booth and United States v. Booth, 21 How., 506; Ex parte Vallandigham, 1 Wall,, 243; Ex parte Mulligan, 4 Wall., 2; Ex parte McCardle, 7 Wall., 506; Ex parte Yerger, 8 Wall., 85; Tarble's case, 13 Wall., 397; Ex parte Lange, 18 Wall., 163; Ex parte Parks, 93 U. S., 18; Ex parte Karstendick, 93 U. S., 396; Ex parte Virginia, 100 U. S., 339; In re Neagle, 135 U. S., 1; In re Frederick, 149 U. S., 70. 3 No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed. Fletcher. Peck, 6 Cr., 87; Ogden v. Saunders, 12 Wh., 213; Watson et al. . Mercer, 8 Pet., 88; Carpenter et al. v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 17 How., 456; Locke v. New Orleans, 4 Wall., 172; Cummings . the State of Missouri, 4 Wall., 277; Ex parte Garland, 4 Wall., 333; Drehman v. Stifle, 8 Wall., 595; Klinger v. State of Missouri, 13 Wall., 257; Pierce v. Carskadon, 16 Wall., 234; Hopt. Utah, 110 U. S., 547; Cook v. United States, 138 U. S., 157; Neely v. Henkel (No. 1), 180 U. S., 109; Southwestern Coal Co. v. McBride, 185 U. S., 499. *No Capitation, or other direct, tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or Enumeration herein before directed to be taken. License Tax Cases, 5 Wall., 462; Springer. United States, 102 U. S., 586; Nichol r. Ames, 173 U. S., 599.. No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any State. Cooley v. Board of Wardens of Port of Philadelphia, 12 How., 299; Pace v. Burgess, collector, 92 U. S., 372; Turpin v. Burgess, 117 U. S., 504; Pittsburg & Southern Coal Co. v. Bates, 156 U. S., 577; Nichols v. Ames, 173 U. S., 509; Williams v. Fears, 179 U. S., 270; De Lima . Bidwell, 182 U. S., 1; Dooley v. United States, 183 U. S., 151; Fourteen Diamond Rings v. United States, 183 U. S., 176; Cornell v. Coyne, 192 U. S., 418. 'No Preference shall be given by any Regulation of Commerce or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of another: nor shall Vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another. Cooley . Board of Wardens of Port of Philadelphia et al., 12 How., 299; State of Pennsylvania r. Wheeling and Belmont Bridge Company et al., 18 How., 421; Munn . Illinois, 94 U. S., 113; Packet Co. r. St. Louis, 100 U. S., 423; Packet Co. v. Catlettsburg, 105 U. S., 559; Spraigue v. Thompson, 118 U. S., 90; Morgan v. Louisiana, 118 U. S., 455; Johnson r. Chicago & Pacific Elevator Co., 119 U. S., 388. No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law; and a regular State ment and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time. 8 No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States: And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind whatever, from any King, Prince, or foreign State. SECTION. 10. No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts," or grant any Title of Nobility. 2 Calder and wife . Bull and wife, 3 Dall., 386; 3 Fletcher v. Peck, 6 Cr., 87; State of New Jersey. Wilson, 7 Cr., 164; Sturgis . Crowningshield, 4 Wh., 122; McMillan . McNeil, 4 Wh., 209; Dartmouth College v. Woodward, 4 Wh., 518; Owings v. Speed, 5 Wh., 420; Farmers and Mechanics' Bank . Smith, 6 Wh., 131; 3 Green et al: v. Biddle, 8 Wh., 1; Ogden v. Saunders, 12 Wh., 213; Mason . Haile, 12 Wh., 370; Satterlee v. Matthewson, 2 Pet., 380; Hart v. Lamphire, 3 Pet., 280; 'Craig et al. v. State of Missouri, 4 Pet., 410; 3 Providence Bank . Billings and Pitman, 4 Pet., 514; 'Byrne v. State of Missouri, 8 Pet., 40; 2 Watson . Mercer, 8 Pet., 88; Mumma v. Potomac Company, 8 Pet., 281; 3 Beers v. Haughton, 9 Pet., 329; 1Briscoe et al. . The Bank of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, 11 Pet., 257; The Proprietors of Charles River Bridge . The Proprietors of Warren Bridge, 11 Pet., 420; Armstrong . The Treasurer of Athens Company, 16 Pet., 281; Bronson v. Kinzie et al., 1 How., 311; 3McCracken v. Hayward, 2 How., 608; Gordon . Appeal Tax Court, 3 How., 133; State of Maryland r. Baltimore and Ohio R. R. Co., 3 How., 534; Neil, Moore & Co. v. State of Ohio, 3 How., 720; 3Cook r. Moffatt, 5 How., 295; Planters' Bank . Sharp et al., 6 How., 301; West River Bridge Company . Dix et al., 6 How., 507; Crawford et al. v. Branch Bank of Mobile, 7 How., 279; Woodruff v. Trapnall, 10 How., 190; Paup et al. v. Drew, 10 How., 218; 2, 3 Baltimore and Susquehanna R. R. Co. v. Nesbitt et al., 10 How., 395; Butler et al. v. Pennsylvania, 10 How., 402; Darrington et al. . the Bank of Alabama, 13 How., 12; Richmond, &c., R. R. Co. r. The Louise R. R. Co., 13 How., 71; Trustees for Vincennes University v. State of Indiana, 14 How., 268; 3 Curran v. State of Arkansas et al., 15 How., 304; State Bank of Ohio r. Knoop, 16 How., 369; Carpenter et al. v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 17 How., 456; Dodge r. Woolsey, 18 How., 331: 3 Beers v. State of Arkansas, 20 How., 527; Aspinwall et al v. Commissioners of County of Daviess, 22 How., 364; Rector of Christ Church, Philadelphia, v. County of Philadelphia, 24 How., 300; Howard . Bugbee, 24 How., 461; Jefferson Branch Bank v. 3 3 3 3 3 |