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have been sold, the United States shall be entitled to recover from the State in which such project is located or from the local educational agency issuing such obligations, or both, the amount of the payments which the United States made with respect to such obligations or such lesser amount as may be reasonable under the circumstances (as determined by agreement of the parties or by action brought in the Federal district court for the district in which such project is located).

Labor Standards

Sec. 13. (a) The Commissioner shall not make any commitment under this Act with respect to obligations to finance the construction of any school facilities project, except upon adequate assurance that all laborers and mechanics employed by contractors or subcontractors in the performance of work on such project will be paid wages at rates not less than those prevailing on similar construction in the locality as determined by the Secretary of Labor in accordance with the Davis-Bacon Act, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276a-276a 5), and will receive compensation at a rate not less than one and one-half times the basic rate of pay for all hours worked in any workweek in excess of eight hours in any workday or forty hours in the workweek, as the case may be.

(b) The Secretary of Labor shall have, with respect to the labor standards specified in subsection (a) of this section, the authority and functions set forth in Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 of 1950 (15 F.R. 3176; 64 Stat. 1267), and section 2 of the Act of June 13, 1934, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276c).

Administrative Provisions

Sec. 14. (a) The Commissioner, in addition to other powers conferred by this Act, shall have power to agree to modifications of Federal commitments made under this Act and of obligations with respect to which such commitments have been made and to pay, compromise, waive, or release any right, title, claim, lien, or demand, however arising or acquired under this Act; except that nothing in this subsection shall be construed to affect the power of the Attorney General in the conduct of litigation arising under this Act.

(b) Financial transactions of the Commmissioner in making Federal commitments, and payments with respect thereto, pursuant to this Act, and vouchers approved by the Commissioner in connection with such financial transactions, shall be final and conclusive upon all officers of the Government; except that all such transactions shall be subject to audit by the General Accounting Office at such times and in such manner as the Comptroller General may by regulation prescribe.

Suits against the United States Sec. 15. Any holder of obligations with respect to which a Federal debt service commitment has been made under this Act may bring suit against the

United States to enforce any duty of the Commissioner under this Act or any undertaking of the Commissioner pursuant to a commitment under this Act. In any action arising under this Act to which the United States is a party, the district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction, without regard to the amounts involved. Such action shall be brought in the district court of the United States for the judicial district in which the plaintiff, or any of the plaintiffs if there are more than one, resides, or has his principal place of business or, if he does not have his principal place of business within any such judicial district, in the District Court of the United States for the District of Columbia.

Definitions

Sec. 16. For purposes of this Act(a) The term "Commissioner" means the (United States) Commissioner of Education.

(b) The term "State" includes Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands.

(c) The term "State educational agency" means the State board of education or other agency or officer primarily responsible for the State supervision of public elementary or secondary schools, or (if different) the officer or agency primarily responsible for State construction or supervision of construction of such schools, whichever may be designated by the governor or by State law.

(d) The term "local educational agency" means a board of education or other legally constituted local school authority having administrative control and direction of public education in a city, county, township, school district, or political subdivision in a State. If a separate local public authority has responsibility for the provision or maintenance of school facilities for any local educational agency or the financing of the construction thereof, such term includes such other authority.

(e) The term "school facilities" includes classrooms and related facilities for public elementary or secondary education; initial equipment, machinery, and utilities necessary or appropriate for school purposes; and interests in land (including site, grading, and improvement) on which such facilities are constructed.

Such term does not include athletic stadiums, or structures or facilities intended primarily for events, such as athletic exhibitions, contests, or games, for which admission is to be charged to the general public.

(f) The terms "construct", "constructing", and "construction" include the preparation of drawings and specifications for school facilities; erecting, building, acquiring, altering, remodeling, improving, or extending school facilities; and the inspection and supervision of the construction of school facilities.

(g) The term "obligations" means any bonds, notes, interim certificates, debentures, certificates of indebtedness, or other evidence of indebtedness.

Withholding of Funds and Judicial

Review

Sec. 17. (a) Whenever the Commissioner, after reasonable notice and opportunity for hearing to the State educational agency, finds that

(1) the State plan approved under section 6 has been so changed that it no longer complies with the requirements of such section; or

(2) in the administration of the plan there is a failure to comply substantially with any such requirement; the Commissioner shall notify such State agency that no further Federal debt service commitments will be made under this Act with respect to obligations to finance the construction of school facilities projects in the State (or, in his discretion, that further commitments will not be made for projects in the State affected by such failure), until he is satisfied that there will no longer be any such failure. Until he is so satisfied the Commissioner shall make no further Federal debt service commitments with respect to projects in such State under this Act (or shall limit commitments to projects with respect to which there is no such failure).

(b) (1) If any State is dissatisfied with the Commissioner's action under subsection (a) of this section, such State may appeal to the United States court of appeals for the circuit in which such State is located. The summons and notice of appeal may be served at any place in the United States.

(2) The findings of fact by the Commissioner, unless substantially contrary to the weight of the evidence, shall be conclusive; but the court, for good cause shown, may remand the case to the Commissioner to take further evidence, and the Commissioner may thereupon make new or modified findings of fact and may modify his previous action. Such new or modified findings of fact shall likewise be conclusive unless substantially contrary to the weight of the evidence.

(3) The court shall have jurisdiction to affirm the action of the Commissioner or to set it aside, in whole or in part. The judgment of the court shall be subject to review by the Supreme Court of the United States upon certiorari or certification as provided in title 28, United States Code, section 1254.

Utilization of Other Agencies

Sec. 18. In administering the provisions of this Act, the Commissioner is authorized to utilize the services and facilities of any agency of the Federal Government, in accordance with agreements between the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare and the head thereof. Payment for such services and facilities shall be made in advance or by way of reimbursement, as may be agreed upon by the Secretary and the head of the agency concerned.

Delegation of Commissioner's Functions

Sec. 19. The Commissioner is authorized to delegate any of his functions under this Act, except the making of regulations, to any officer or employee of the Office of Education.

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Morton

Prouty

Saltonstall

Schoeppel

Scott

Williams, Del. Young, N. Dak.

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So the amendment was not agreed to. On motion by Mr. MANSFIELD to reconsider the vote disagreeing to the amendment,

On motion by Mr. JOHNSON of Texas, The motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

On motion by Mr. DIRKSEN, The yeas and nays, being desired by one-fifth of the Senators present, were ordered on the passage of the bill.

The reported amendment, as amended, was then agreed to.

Ordered, That the bill be engrossed and read a third time.

The said bill was read the third time. On the question, Shall the bill pass? It was determined in Yeas_____ the affirmative_____

Nays---

51

34

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Curtis

Dirksen
Dworshak

So it was

Long, La McClellan Morton Prouty

Robertson
Russell
Saltonstall
Schoeppel
Scott

Stennis
Talmadge
Thurmond
Williams, Del.
Young, N. Dak.

Resolved, That the bill do pass. The title was amended to read: "A bill to authorize a two-year program of Federal assistance to States and communities to enable them to increase public elementary and secondary school construction."

Ordered, That the Secretary request the concurrence of the House of Representatives therein.

On motion by Mr. HILL to reconsider the vote on the passage of the bill,

On motion by Mr. JOHNSON of

Texas, The motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

ORDER FOR ADJOURNMENT

On motion by Mr. JOHNSON of Texas, and by unanimous consent,

Ordered, That when the Senate concludes its business today it adjourn until Monday next.

ADDITIONAL FUNDS FOR THE SENATE OFFICIAL REPORTERS OF DEBATES

On motion by Mr. BYRD of West

Virginia,

The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution (S. Res. 207) to provide additional funds for the Official Reporters of Debate of the Senate.

REPORT ON REVIEW OF MILITARY ASSISTANCE PROGRAM FOR TURKEY The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. PROXMIRE in the chair) laid before the Senate a communication from the Comptroller General of the United States, transmitting, pursuant to law, a secret report on review of the military assistance program for Turkey; which, with the accompanying report, was referred to the Committee on Government Operations.

ENROLLED BILLS PRESENTED

The Secretary reported that on today he presented to the President of the United States the following enrolled bills:

S. 540. An act for the relief of Maybell King;

S. 981. An act for the relief of T. W. Holt & Co.;

S. 1862. An act for the relief of Harve M. Duggins; and

S. 2231. An act to amend the joint resolution providing for membership and participation by the United States in the Inter-American Children's Institute formerly known as the American International Institute for the Protection of Childhood, as amended.

ADJOURNMENT

On motion by Mr. BYRD of West Virginia, at 11 o'clock and 2 minutes p.m., The Senate, under its order of today, adjourned as a further mark of respect to the memory of the late Senator Langer, until Monday next.

MONDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1960 The PRESIDENT pro tempore called the Senate to order and the Chaplain offered prayer.

THE JOURNAL

On motion by Mr. FREAR, and by unanimous consent,

The reading of the Journal of the proceedings of Thursday, February 4, 1960, was dispensed with.

COMMITTEES AUTHORIZED TO SIT The following-named committees were authorized to sit as indicated during the sessions of the Senate:

The Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences and the Subcommittee on Preparedness of the Committee on Armed Services, in joint session, on today and tomorrow; on the request of Mr. FREAR.

MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE

A message from the House of Representatives by Mr. Bartlett, one of its clerks:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives has passed the bill (H.R. 9662) to make technical revisions in the income tax provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 relating to estates, trusts, partners, and partnerships, and for other purposes, in which it requests the concurrence of the Senate.

The Speaker of the House has appointed Mr. MASON of Illinois on the part of the House of Representatives to the Joint Committee on Reduction of Nonessential Federal Expenditures, to fill an existing vacancy.

HOUSE BILL REFERRED

The bill H.R. 9662, this day received from the House of Representatives for concurrence, was read the first and second times by unanimous consent and referred to the Committee on Finance.

EXECUTIVE SESSION

On motion by Mr. FREAR, and by unanimous consent,

The Senate proceeded to the consideration of executive business; and after the consideration of executive business, LEGISLATIVE SESSION

The Senate resumed its legislative session. REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

Mr. COOPER (for Mr. JORDAN), from the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry, to whom was referred the bill (S. 2845) to stabilize the price support of tobacco, reported it without amendment and submitted a report (No. 1081) thereon.

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REPORT ON DISPOSITION OF USELESS PAPERS

Mr. JOHNSTON of South Carolina, from the Joint Select Committee on Disposition of Papers in the Executive Departments, to whom were referred lists of papers in various departments and agencies of the Government, recommended for disposition, transmitted to the Senate by the Archivist of the United States dated January 26, 1960, submitted, pursuant to law, a report thereon.

INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND A JOINT
RESOLUTION

Bills and a joint resolution were introduced, severally read the first and second times by unanimous consent and referred as follows:

By Mr. BUSH:

S. 2990. A bill for the relief of Abdulkarim Ahmad Ali; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

By Mr. LONG of Hawaii:

S. 2991. A bill for the relief of Ah See Lee Chin; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

By Mr. McCARTHY (for himself, Mr. HUMPHREY, Mr. Neuberger, and Mr. GRUENING):

S. 2992. A bill to amend the Federal Water Pollution Control Act to expand research, extend State and interstate water pollution control program grants, and strengthen enforcement procedures, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Public Works.

By Mr. MOSS:

S. 2993. A bill to permit the taxation by a State or local taxing authority of privately owned personal property situated within Federal areas which is used in carrying on a trade or business; to the Committee on Government Operations.

By Mr. YOUNG of Ohio:

S. 2994. A bill to amend title II of the Social Security Act to eliminate the requirement that an individual must have attained 50 years of age in order to be eligible for disability benefits thereunder, to provide for the coverage of doctors of medicine under social security, and to increase the annual amount individuals are permitted to earn without suffering deductions from their social security benefits; to the Committee on Finance.

By Mr. GREEN:

S. 2995. A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, so as to restore competitive equality to retailers and other distributors with respect to certain sales to business and other organizations; and

S. 2996. A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1939 to provide a credit against the estate tax for Federal estate taxes paid on certain prior transfers in the case of decedents dying after December 31, 1947; to the Committee on Finance.

By Mr. MAGNUSON:

S. 2997. A bill to amend title 38, United States Code, to provide for the payment of pensions to veterans of World War I; to the Committee on Fi

nance.

S. 2998. A bill to amend the Merchant Marine Act, 1936, in order to extend the

life of certain vessels under the provisions of such act from 20 to 25 years; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce.

By Mr. BEALL:

S. 2999. A bill for the relief of Dr. Mehmet Arik; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

By Mr. SALTONSTALL (by request):

S. 3000. A bill for the relief of Nicolaos Vagenas; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

By Mr. DIRKSEN (for himself,
Mr. JAVITS, Mr. PROUTY, Mr.
KEATING, Mr. ScoтT, Mr. SAL-
TONSTALL, Mr. CASE of New Jer-
sey, Mr. COOPER, Mr. KUCHEL,
Mr. BRUNSDALE, Mr. CARLSON,
Mr. WILEY, Mr. FONG, Mr. Bush,
Mr. MORTON, Mr. HRUSKA, Mr.
BENNETT, Mr. ALLOTT, Mr. BEALL,
Mr. CASE of South Dakota, Mr.
MARTIN, Mr. AIKEN and Mrs.
SMITH):

S. 3001. A bill to provide for the enforcement of civil rights; provision for schools for military personnel dependents in areas where regular schools are closed by desegregation; to provide for voting referees, and for other purposes; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

By Mr. KEFAUVER:

S. 3002. A bill to provide for publication of a United States Treaty Code Annotated; to the Committee on Rules and Administration.

By Mr. SYMINGTON:

S.J. Res. 157. Joint resolution to provide for the convening of a national conference by the President of the United States of the authorized representatives of institutions of learning for the purpose of making a survey and formulating a recommended plan of action for meeting and solving the engineering and design and other technical problems which can strengthen the space exploration program of the United States; to the Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences.

ADDITIONAL FUNDS FOR THE SENATE OFFICIAL REPORTERS OF DEBATES On motion by Mr. FREAR, The Senate resumed the consideration of its unfinished business, viz, the resolution (S. Res. 207) to provide additional funds for the Official Reporters of Debates of the Senate.

After debate,

Resolved, That the Senate agree thereto.

FUNERAL EXPENSES FOR LATE SENATOR LANGER

On motion by Mr. HENNINGS, The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution (S. Res. 211) to pay certain funeral expenses of the late Senator Langer, of North Dakota; and

Resolved, That the Senate agree thereto.

TRADING WITH THE ENEMY ACT On motion by Mr. HENNINGS, The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution (S. Res. 236) to investigate

the administration of the Trading With the Enemy Act; and

Resolved, That the Senate agree thereto.

INVESTIGATION OF PROBLEMS FROM FLOW OF ESCAPEES AND REFUGEES FROM COMMUNIST TYRANNY

On motion by Mr. HENNINGS, The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution (S. Res. 235) to investigate problems of certain foreign countries arising from flow of escapees and refugees from Communist tyranny; and

Resolved, That the Senate agree thereto.

INVESTIGATION OF CERTAIN MATTERS RELATING TO COMMON DEFENSE

On motion by Mr. HENNINGS, The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution (S. Res. 261) authorizing the Committee on Armed Services to investigate certain matters relating to the common defense; and

Resolved, That the Senate agree thereto.

STUDY OF MATTERS PERTAINING TO CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS

On motion by Mr. HENNINGS, The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution (S. Res. 233) authorizing a study of matters pertaining to constitutional rights; and

Resolved, That the Senate agree thereto.

INVESTIGATE JUVENILE DELINQUENCY On motion by Mr. HENNINGS, The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution (S. Res. 232) to investigate juvenile delinquency in the United States; and

Resolved, That the Senate agree thereto.

STUDY OF ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE IN GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS AND AGENCIES

On motion by Mr. HENNINGS, The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution (S. Res. 234) authorizing a study of administrative practice and procedure in Government departments and agencies; and

Resolved, That the Senate agree thereto.

INVESTIGATION OF EFFICIENCY AND ECONOMY OF OPERATIONS OF ALL BRANCHES OF THE GOVERNMENT

On motion by Mr. KEFAUVER, The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution (S. Res. 246) to investigate the efficiency and economy of operations of all branches of the Government; and Resolved, That the Senate agree thereto.

EXTENSION OF TIME FOR FILING REPORT BY THE SELECT COMMITTEE ON IMPROPER ACTIVITIES IN THE LABOR OR MANAGEMENT FIELD

On motion by Mr. HENNINGS, The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution (S. Res. 249) to extend to March 31, 1960, the time to file report by the Select Committee on Improper Activities in the Labor or Management

Field; and the reported amendment having been agreed to,

The resolution, as amended, was agreed to, as follows:

Resolved, That the time for filing a final report by the Select Committee on Improper Activities in the Labor or Management Field, established by S. Res. 74, Eighty-fifth Congress, agreed to January 29, 1957, as amended and supplemented, is hereby extended to March 31, 1960.

SEC. 2. For the purpose of enabling the select committee to complete its work and prepare such final report, it is hereby authorized to exercise, until such date, all of the duties, functions, and powers conferred upon it by S. Res. 74, Eighty-fifth Congress, as amended and supplemented.

SEC. 3. The expenses of the committee under this resolution, which shall not exceed $48,000 from February 1, 1960, through March 31, 1960, shall be paid from the contingent fund of the Senate upon vouchers approved by the chairman of the committee.

ADDITIONAL FUNDS FOR COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS

On motion by Mr. HENNINGS, The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution (S. Res. 248) providing additional funds for the Committee on Government Operations; and

Resolved, That the Senate agree thereto.

INVESTIGATION OF ANTITRUST AND MONOPOLY LAWS

On motion by Mr. HENNINGS, The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution (S. Res. 238) authorizing an investigation of the antitrust and monopoly laws of the United States; and Resolved, That the Senate thereto.

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STUDY OF FEDERAL JUDICIAL SYSTEM

On motion by Mr. HENNINGS, The Senate proceded to consider the resolution (S. Res. 231) authorizing a study of the Federal judicial system.

ADJOURNMENT

On motion by Mr. HENNINGS, at 7 o'clock and 53 minutes p.m., The Senate adjourned.

TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 1960

Mr. ALBERT GORE, from the State of Tennessee, called the Senate to order and Rev. Godfrey Kloetzli, of Washington, D.C., offered prayer.

APPOINTMENT OF ACTING PRESIDENT
PRO TEMPORE

The Secretary read the following communication from the President pro tempore:

U.S. SENATE, PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, Washington, D.C., February 9, 1960. To the Senate:

Being temporarily absent from the Senate, I appoint Hon. ALBERT GORE, a Senator from the State of Tennessee, to perform the duties of the Chair during my absence.

CARL HAYDEN, President pro tempore. Mr. GORE thereupon took the chair.

THE JOURNAL

On motion by Mr. MANSFIELD,

and by unanimous consent,

The reading of the Journal of the proceedings of Monday, February 8, 1960, was dispensed with.

MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE

A message from the House of Representatives by Mr. Maurer, one of its clerks:

Mr. President: The House of Representatives has passed the following bills and joint resolution, in which it requests the concurrence of the Senate:

H.R. 7124. An act to require the payment of tuition on account of certain persons who attend the public schools of the District of Columbia, and for other purposes;

H.R. 9331. An act to increase the authorized maximum expenditure for the fiscal years 1960 and 1961 under the special milk program for children;

H.R. 9451. An act to amend the act of July 19, 1954, to exempt from taxation certain additional property of the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States in the District of Columbia, and to provide that the tax exemption granted the property of the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States in the District of Columbia shall be effective with respect to taxable years beginning on and after July 1, 1959;

H.R. 9660. An act to amend section 6659 (b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 with respect to the procedure for assessing certain additions to tax;

H.R. 9737. An act to amend the Act of March 3, 1901, to eliminate the requirement that certain District of Columbia corporations be managed by trustees, the majority of whom are citizens of the District of Columbia;

H.R. 10233. An act making appropriations for the government of the District of Columbia and other activities chargeable in whole or in part against the revenues of said District for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1961, and for other purposes; and

H.J. Res. 567. Joint resolution to effect immediately the transfer of the Development Operations Division of the Army Ballistic Missile Agency to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

HOUSE BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTION
REFERRED

The bills and joint resolution this day received from the House of Representatives for concurrence, were severally read the first and second times by unanimous consent,

Ordered, That the bills H.R. 7124, H.R. 9451, and H.R. 9737 be referred to the Committee on the District of Columbia;

That the bill H.R. 9331 be referred to the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry;

That the bill H.R. 9660 be referred to the Committee on Finance;

That the bill H.R. 10233 be referred to the Committee on Appropriations; and

That the joint resolution H.J. Res. 567 be referred to the Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences.

WHEAT PROGRAM

The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the following communication from the President of the United States; which was referred to the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry:

To the Congress of the United States:

I urgently call attention, once again, to a most vexing domestic problem-the low net income of many of our farmers and excessive production of certain farm products, largely due to economic distortions induced by years of Federal interference.

We are most fortunate that our problem in agriculture is overabundance rather than a shortage of food. But it defies commonsense to continue to encourage, at the cost of many millions of tax dollars, the building of ever larger excess supplies of products that, as they accumulate, depress farm prices and endanger the future of our farmers.

The wheat situation is particularly acute. Federal funds tied up in wheat approximate $31⁄2 billion. Although this means that well over 30 percent of the total funds invested in inventories and loans of the Commodity Credit Corporation goes for wheat, this crop provides only 6 percent of the cash receipts from sales of farm products. The Govern

ment sustains a net cost of more than $1,000 a minute-$1,500,000 every day— the year around, to stabilize wheat prices and income.

Day by day this program further distorts wheat markets and supplies. Its only future is ever higher cost. Inexorably it generates ever larger surpluses which must be expensively stored. Utilmately, if our Government does not act quickly and constructively, the danger is very real that this entire program will collapse under the pressure of public indignation, and thousands of our farming people will be hurt.

I think the American people have every right to expect the Congress to move promptly to solve situations of this kind. Sound legislation is imperatively needed. We must quickly and sensibly revise the present program to avoid visiting havoc upon the very people this program is intended to help. Every additional day of delay makes a sound solution more difficult.

I have repeatedly expressed my preference for programs that will ultimately free the farmer rather than subject him to increasing governmental restraints. I am convinced that most farmers hold the same view. But whatever the legislative approach, whether toward greater freedom or more regimentation, it must be sensible and economically sound and not a political poultice. And it must be enacted promptly. I will approve any constructive solution that the Congress wishes to develop, by "constructive" meaning this:

First. That price-support levels be realistically related to whatever policy the Congress chooses in respect to production control, it being recognized that the higher the support the more regimented must be the farmer.

Second. That price-support levels not be so high so as to stimulate still more excessive production, reduce domestic markets, and increase the subsidies required to hold world outlets.

Third. For reasons long expressed by the administration, that we avoid direct subsidy payment programs for crops in surplus; likewise, we must avoid programs which would invite harmful countermeasures by our friends abroad, or which, while seeking to assist one group of farmers, would badly hurt other farmers.

Within these three guidelines, I am constantly ready to approve any one or a combination of constructive proposals. I will approve legislation which will eliminate production controls, or make them really effective, or allow the farmers themselves to choose between realistic alternatives. I am willing to gear supports to market prices of previous years, or to establish supports in accordance with general rather than specific provisions of law, or to relate price supports to parity.

I recognize that these observations are general in nature. They are intentionally so in order to leave the Congress room for alternative constructive approaches to this problem. If the Congress should so act, I urge an orderly

expansion of the conservation reserve program up to 60 million acres, with authority granted the Secretary of Agriculture to direct the major expansion of this program to areas of greatest need.

In connection with the expansion of the conservation reserve, the Department of Agriculture stands ready to assist, if desired, with the development of sound legislative criteria governing the administration of this program in the light of its experience gained through its operations of the past 4 years.

As part of the conservation reserve program, I would be willing to accept an authorization, with proper safeguards, to the Secretary of Agriculture to make payments in kind in whole or in part for the reduction of acreage devoted to crops in surplus and retirement of this acreage from cultivation, provided measures are included to keep production below total consumption while the payment-in-kind procedure is being used. Lacking such safeguards, a payment-in-kind procedure would overload the free market and thereby depress prices.

My views as regards the price support program for wheat are clear. I prefer the following approach:

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Acreage allotments and quotas for wheat should be eliminated beginning with the 1961 crop-thus freeing the wheat farmers-and thereupon price-support levels should be set as a percentage of the average price of wheat during the 3 preceding calendar years. The Secretary of Agriculture will furnish the Congress the details of this aproach.

Here I wish to comment somewhat more specifically on corn, a crop tremendously important to many thousands of our farmers.

Just over a year ago, by a referendum margin of almost 3 to 1, our corn farmers decided upon a new program that liberalizes corn acreage and adjusts corn price supports. This program is still new and I believe it would be wise to give it a chance to demonstrate what it can do.

In order to help the producers adjust to this new program, it is intended to use the expanded conservation reserve program to provide a voluntary means of removing substantial acreage of corn and other feed grains from production.

On the administrative side, I want briefly to mention three programs highly important to agriculture.

On

The food for peace program, initiated pursuant to my recommendations of last year, has been vigorously advanced. my recent trip abroad, I saw many constructive results from these efforts and the need and opportunity for even greater use of this humanitarian program. Clearly we should continue to do our utmost to use our abundance constructively in the worldwide battle against hunger. The law we enacted in 1954, known as Public Law 480 of the 83d Congress, has been especially helpful to us in waging this battle.

Next, an aggressive utilization research program is underway to develop new markets and new uses for farm products. The 1961 budget now before Congress recommends additional appro

priations for utilization research, and additional local currencies being acquired under Public Law 480 transactions will be devoted to this purpose.

A coordinator for utilization research will shortly be named by the Secretary of Agriculture with the sole mission of concentrating on finding and promoting productive new uses for farm products.

The rural development program, to assist rural people in low income areas to achieve a better living, is also being accelerated.

This program, initiated in my 1954 message, is now well beyond the demonstration stage and is going steadily forward in 30 States and Puerto Rico. Other States are now starting this important work. I have also recommended more funds for this program in the pending budget.

Finally, I repeat my conviction that the public, and farmers particularly, are entitled to sound legislative action on the problems I have mentioned. The Congress can act within a broad latitude of proposals and still comply with the recommendations I have made.

If the Congress wishes to propose a plan as an alternative to the course here recommended, so long as that plan is constructive, as I have indicated herein, I will approve it. The Department of Agriculture will cooperate fully with congressional committees and with individual Members of Congress in helping to prepare such alternative programs as they may wish to have considered.

The important thing for farmers, and for all other Americans, is for us to act sensibly and to act swiftly.

I urge the Congress so to act in order that the farmers and public generally may plan accordingly.

DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER. THE WHITE HOUSE, February 9, 1960.

PETITION

Mr. CARLSON presented a concurrent resolution of the Legislature of the State of Kansas favoring a reduction and control of the importation of beef and other red meats from foreign countries; which was referred to the Committee on Finance.

INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND A JOINT
RESOLUTION

Bills and a joint resolution were introduced, severally read the first and second times by unanimous consent and referred as follows:

By Mr. MANSFIELD (for himself and Mr. MURRAY):

S. 3003. A bill directing the Secretary of the Army to convey to the Western Montana Youth Guidance Center, Inc., Missoula, Mont., certain property comprising a part of Fort Missoula, Missoula, Mont.; to the Committee on Armed Services.

S. 3004. A bill to set aside certain lands in Montana for the Indians of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Reservation, Mont.; to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs.

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