July 1, 1888, amount available. Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1838 July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888. July 1, 1889, outstanding liabilities $115, 387. 13 20,000.00 135, 387. 13 $11,635. 66 1, 383.48 13, 019. 14 122, 367.99 July 1, 1889, balance available..... Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1891 4,000. 00 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix R R 3.) 4. Petaluma Creek, California.-The project adopted in 1880 had for its object to straighten the channel by cut-offs and secure, by dredging for about 8,000 feet below Petaluma, a channel 50 feet wide and 3 feet deep at low water. Before improvement the channel was very crooked and bare at low water. Work was completed in 1884, at a cost of $27,656.91, leaving a balance available of $2,343.09. In the spring of 1888 the channel had refilled to such an extent that the bottom of the creek was in places at low water 2 feet above low-tide level, and vessels could only enter the creek at high tide. In June, 1888, with the small balance available, dredging was done by contract, and in July the work was completed by removing about 8,000 cubic yards of material from the channel and depositing it on the banks. A channel 1,800 feet long, 50 feet wide, and 1 foot deep at lowest low water was obtained, thus relieving the immediate wants of the navigation interests. The cost of the dredging was $2,116.39. The channel thus formed can only be maintained by occasional dredging. The commerce of the creek is sufficient to warrant a channel 4 or 5 feet deep, and to get this depth the estimated cost is $30,000. The work can be done in one year, and once done it is believed that the channel can be maintained in reasonably good condition by dredging once in five years at a cost of say $5,000. July 1, 1888, amount available. Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888.... July 1, 1889, balance available...... Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1891 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix Ꭱ Ꭱ 4.) $16.46 2,000.00 2,016. 46 10, 000, 00 5. Humboldt Harbor and Bay, California.-The project for the improvement of the bay was adopted in 1881. Its object was to obtain by dredging a channel 13 feet deep and 200 feet wide, to the upper end of the wharves in Eureka, and to dredge channels 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Arcata and Hookton. The project was completed in 1884. It has since deteriorated. In 1882 a project was submitted and adopted to improve the entrance to Humboldt Bay by building a training-wall to the level of low water, extending from the South Spit in a northwesterly direction. The estimated cost of the training-wall was $600,000. Before improvement the channel to Eureka had a depth of 7 feet; those to Arcata and Hookton had depths of 6 feet. During the past year proposals for building the training wall and necessary shore protection were invited, and the contract for doing the work was awarded to the American Bridge and Building Company of San Francisco, the lowest bidders, at the following rates: Rock, $2.00 per ton; brush work, $1.85 per cubic yard; for pier and track over water, per linear foot, $5.50; for railroad and track on shore, per run. ning foot, $2.75. In May, 1889, they began building the walls, and in two months at the end of the year had completed 1,605 feet of shoretrack and 999 feet of pier over water, had completed 1,152 running feet of shore-protection wall composed of brush and stone, the brushwork varying from 15 to 22 feet in width and from 18 to 26 inches in height, the rock-work on top of this 15 to 20 feet wide and 4 feet high in the center. In the water (between high and low water) the brush-work varies from 22 to 36 feet wide, 26 to 38 inches high, which is covered with rock for its entire length; the average height of completed wall (272 feet long) is 4 feet. Thus far 6,206 tons of rock and 3,303 cubic yards of brush have been placed in position. The contract with the American Bridge Company is for $250,000 worth of work at above rates, and they are required to complete their work on December 31, 1889, at which time about all the funds available will be exhausted. As the work of improving the bar channel has but just commenced, no results in the way of improvement have been obtained or expected. To make a success of the work this submerged training wall should be pushed to completion as rapidly as possible. When this is done it may become necessary to increase its height, and in addition, walls to prevent erosion may become necessary on the North Spit. No estimate has yet been made for additional work, but should it become necessary, the cost will be at least as great as that of the submerged training wall now in course of construction. The total amount expended on the improvement of Humboldt Bay to June 30, 1889, has been $96,061.55. July 1, 1888, amount available Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888 $136, 615. 31 125,000.00 July 1, 1889, amount covered by existing contracts. July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888............ 261, 615. 31 $15, 176.86 July 1, 1889, balance available 254,795.82 6, 819.49 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project..... Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1891 200,000.00 337,500.00 (See Appendix R R 5.) EXAMINATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT, TO COMPLY WITH REQUIREMENTS OF THE RIVER AND HARBOR ACT OF August 11, 1888. The required preliminary examinations of the following localities were made by the local engineer in charge, Major Heuer, and reported by him as not worthy of improvement, with facts and reasons for such opinion. The Chief of Engineers, concurring in the conclusions reached in these instances, has given no instructions to make further survey with a view to their improvement: 1. Eel River, California, entrance and inside bars to head of navigation.---(See Appendix R R 6.) 2. Klamath River, California, entrance and inside bars to head of navi gation. (See Appendix R R 7.) 3. As to the necessity for the establishment and maintenance of public moorings for the protection of shipping in the open and exposed ports on the northern coast of California at Fort Ross, Fisk's Mill, Fish Rock, Shelter Cove, Trinidad, etc.—(See Appendix R R 8.) IMPROVEMENT OF THE ENTRANCE TO COOS BAY-IMPROVEMENT OF YAQUINA BAY, OF COQUILLE RIVER, OF UMPQUA RIVER, AND OF TILLAMOOK BAY AND BAR, OREGON. Officer in charge, Capt. Willard Young, Corps of Engineers. Division Engineer, Col. G. H. Mendell, Corps of Engineers. 1. Coquille River, Oregon.-At the time the work of improvement was begun, the entrance to the Coquille River was considered very dangerous. It was by a long, tortuous, and narrow channel skirting the south headland, studded with rocks from beyond the bar on the outside to a distance of one-half mile inside. The depth at low water over the bar was only about 3 feet; and the position of the channel was constantly shifting. The channel sometimes, at long intervals apart, broke through the north spit and ran directly out to sea, just south of Rackliffe Rock, but did not remain long in this position. The entrance at such times was comparatively safe, and the channel was at its very best. The mean rise of tide was 4.1 feet. The plan of the improvement is to construct two parallel, high-tide stone jetties, 800 feet apart, running out to sea a sufficient distance to open and maintain a channel over the bar, with a least depth of 8 feet at low water; the north jetty starting from Rackliffe Rock, and the south jetty from a point on the left bank inside the entrance. The amount expended to June 30, 1888, including outstanding liabil ities, was $49,510.43; 1,926 feet of temporary jetty had then been constructed. The channel through the north spit was opened in 1882, after the construction of about 1,000 feet of temporary jetty, since which time a depth of 6 feet at low water has been maintained. During the year ending June 30, 1889, 4,000 cubic yards of stone was quarried and placed in the jetty, and an additional 3,000 cubic yards of stone was blasted out ready for use; 1,994 feet of tramway was built; one powerful derrick was erected; one locomotive, irons for two derricks, and rails, spikes, fish plates, switches, etc., for 3,025 feet of track were purchased. Other operations consisted in the storage and care of property. The depth of water on the bar during the year has been 6 feet or more at low water. During the months of January, February, and March a depth of 20 feet at high water was maintained. This was due to the fact that the north spit extended out the whole length of the jetty and parallel to it, at a distance of only about 300 feet, thus acting as a low north jetty, which, with the south jetty, confined the water in one narrow channel. The appropriations made in five acts amount to $75,000. July 1, 1888, amount available Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888. July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888.... July 1, 1889, outstanding liabilities, about.. July 1, 1889, balance available... ENG 89--23 $94,000,00 Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project. (See Appendix S S 1.) 2. Entrance to Coos Bay and Harbor, Oregon.-The obstructions which existed at the entrance to this harbor before the works of improvement were begun, consisted, first, of the outer bar, which is of sand, and is shifting in character; and, secondly, of the inner shoals, formed by the sands which accumulate in the spring, summer, and autumn during the times when the northwesterly winds prevail. Under the action of these winds the spit on the north side advanced toward the south, contracting the navigable passage under Coos Head to a very narrow width, and, usually, making the outer channel follow the west side of the spit in a long and tortuous course across the bar. The channel had at times broken through the north spit on a line, the general direction of which is from Fossil Point to a point just to the north of Coos Head. It was then direct, the depth of water was greatest, and vessels could enter or go out without trouble. The mean rise of tide above the plane of reference was 5.6 feet. The project for this improvement, adopted in 1879, is to construct, at an estimated cost of $600,000, a jetty of wood and stone, or of stone, as may be found best, from a point 250 yards below the northern extremity of Fossil Point, on a line towards the east end of Coos Head, this line in plan curving so as to be directed at its outer end to the head or a little to the north of it. The object is to prevent accretion to the south end of the sand spit on the north side of the entrance, and to open and maintain a deeper and more direct channel across the outer bar. A Board of officers of the Corps of Engineers now has under consideration the project for the improvement of Coos Bay. (See preliminary report of the Board hereto attached, Appendix S S 2.) Their final report will probably be submitted some time in August next. The amount expended to June 30, 1888, including outstanding liabilities, was $134,529.10. The jetty had then been partly built to a length of 1,761 feet, and had caused a partial erosion of the end of the north spit, and a corresponding fill at the mouth of South Slough, and had opened a channel over the outer bar well to the south, which was deeper, wider, and less exposed to wind and sea than the former channel in its usual position. The new channel is also much less shifting than the old one. Active operations in jetty building were resumed May 1, 1889, since which time 3,314 cubic yards of stone has been placed in advance of the jetty as a foundation course to keep the bottom of the channel from scouring out as the jetty is extended. The stone is delivered in place from self-dumping barges, so that a load of about 200 yards can be deposited in a few minutes. The work is being done by contract. A careful survey of the bay in the vicinity of the jetty was made, and borings were taken across the north spit to furnish data required by the Board of Engineer Officers appointed to consider and report upon a project for the improvement at Coos Bay. It is expected that the jetty will be extended, and that its top throughout will be raised to 2 feet above low water. The first work to be done is to lay a proper foundation course of stone on the line of the proposed extension. This is needed to prevent the bottom from scouring out, and so to keep the cross-section of the jetty as small as possible. The average depth of water over the proposed extension is about 60 feet, so that most, if not all, of the stone needed for the extension can be dumped from scows. The appropriations made in six acts amount to $213,750. July 1, 1888, amount available...... Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888. July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888... July 1, 1889, outstanding liabilities... July 1, 1889, amount covered by existing contracts.. $29, 220.90 50,000.00 79,220.90 $6,257.87 3,289.23 62, 574. 18 72, 121, 28 7,099.62 July 1, 1889, balance available... (Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project.. 386,250.00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1891 250,000.00 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix S S 2.) 3. Umpqua River, Oregon.-Just below Scottsburgh, the head of navi gation on the Umpqua River, are five sandstone bars or ledges 12 feet to 15 feet wide and submerged from 1 foot to 2 feet at low tide on a low-river stage. They are separated by pools about 150 feet wide and from 5 to 10 feet deep at low water. The project is to deepen the water over these ledges to 3 feet at low water through a channel 50 feet wide. The amount expended on the project to June 30, 1888, including outstanding liabilities, was $4,675.14, and resulted in increasing the controlling depths over the reefs, through a channel 50 feet wide, from 1 foot at low water, which formerly existed, to 2 feet at low water. No work whatever was done during the past year. The money appropriated for this work August 11, 1885, was not available until after the favorable season of low, clear water had passed, so it was thought advisable to postpone the work until the next favorable season, which will be in July and August. It was estimated at the time work was suspended in August, 1886, that $2,000 would be required to complete the present project. This amount was appropriated August 11, 1888. Work under this appropriation will be resumed early in July, and will consist as heretofore in drilling and blasting the rock ledges and removing the broken pieces to deeper water from the 50-foot channel. No work under the existing project is contemplated after the exhaustion of the funds now available. Appropriations have been made for this improvement amounting to $24,500. July 1, 1888, amount available Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888.. July 1, 1889, balance available. (See Appendix S S 3.) $10.75 2,000.00 2,010.75 4. Yaquina Bay, Oregon.-The usual prevailing depths over the bar at low water, before improvement, were from 7 feet to 8 feet. Three distinct channels existed, known as the North, Middle, and South Channels. The South Channel was the one most used, but was rendered dangerous by the presence of rocks. The Middle Channel, though free from rocks, |