Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change: Contribution of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate ChangeCambridge University Press, 1996 M06 6 - 572 pages The IPCC reports represent the primary source of scientific and technical advice for the implementation of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. This assessment therefore forms the standard scientific reference for all those concerned with climate change and its consequences, including policy makers in governments and industry worldwide, and researchers and senior-level students in environmental science, meteorology, climatology, biology, ecology and atmospheric chemistry. |
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Page 6
... soil moisture in high latitudes in winter . All these changes are associated with identifiable physical mechanisms . In addition , most simulations show a reduction in the strength of the north Atlantic thermohaline . circulation and a ...
... soil moisture in high latitudes in winter . All these changes are associated with identifiable physical mechanisms . In addition , most simulations show a reduction in the strength of the north Atlantic thermohaline . circulation and a ...
Page 13
... soil moisture were not uniform over the globe . Anthropogenic aerosols were recognised as a possible source of regional cooling but no quantitative estimates of their effects were available . The IPCC Supplementary Report in 1992 ...
... soil moisture were not uniform over the globe . Anthropogenic aerosols were recognised as a possible source of regional cooling but no quantitative estimates of their effects were available . The IPCC Supplementary Report in 1992 ...
Page 15
... soils and to the deep ocean ) and so have a less immediate , but no less important , effect on the atmosphericconcentration . Within 30 years about 40-60 % of the CO2 currently released to the atmosphere is removed . However , if ...
... soils and to the deep ocean ) and so have a less immediate , but no less important , effect on the atmosphericconcentration . Within 30 years about 40-60 % of the CO2 currently released to the atmosphere is removed . However , if ...
Page 16
... soils , and transfer into the deeper layers of the ocean . Consequently , most of the excess atmospheric CO2 would be removed over about a century although a portion would remain airborne for thousands of years because transfer to the ...
... soils , and transfer into the deeper layers of the ocean . Consequently , most of the excess atmospheric CO2 would be removed over about a century although a portion would remain airborne for thousands of years because transfer to the ...
Page 18
... soils 30 ( 15-45 ) Implied sources ( sinks + atmospheric increase ) ( b ) Inventory of identified sources . Individual estimates 560 ( 460-660 ) 597 ( 495-700 ) Total 160 ( 110-210 ) Natural sources Anthropogenic sources : Fossil fuel ...
... soils 30 ( 15-45 ) Implied sources ( sinks + atmospheric increase ) ( b ) Inventory of identified sources . Individual estimates 560 ( 460-660 ) 597 ( 495-700 ) Total 160 ( 110-210 ) Natural sources Anthropogenic sources : Fossil fuel ...
Contents
XXXI | 37 |
XXXV | 39 |
XXXVI | 40 |
XXXVII | 41 |
XXXIX | 42 |
XL | 43 |
XLI | 44 |
XLII | 47 |
CLXVII | 242 |
CLXIX | 243 |
CLXXVI | 244 |
CLXXVIII | 245 |
CLXXX | 246 |
CLXXXII | 247 |
CLXXXIV | 251 |
CLXXXV | 252 |
XLIV | 51 |
XLV | 53 |
XLVI | 55 |
XLVIII | 56 |
XLIX | 57 |
LI | 58 |
LIV | 59 |
LV | 60 |
LVI | 61 |
LVIII | 65 |
LIX | 71 |
LX | 72 |
LXII | 76 |
LXIV | 78 |
LXV | 79 |
LXVI | 80 |
LXVII | 81 |
LXVIII | 82 |
LXXI | 83 |
LXXIII | 84 |
LXXV | 86 |
LXXVII | 87 |
LXXX | 90 |
LXXXI | 91 |
LXXXII | 92 |
LXXXIII | 99 |
LXXXV | 101 |
LXXXVI | 102 |
LXXXVII | 103 |
LXXXVIII | 104 |
LXXXIX | 105 |
XC | 107 |
XCIII | 108 |
XCV | 109 |
XCVI | 110 |
XCVII | 111 |
XCVIII | 114 |
CI | 116 |
CII | 118 |
CIV | 120 |
CV | 129 |
CVI | 133 |
CVII | 137 |
CVIII | 138 |
CIX | 139 |
CX | 142 |
CXI | 143 |
CXII | 144 |
CXIII | 145 |
CXVII | 146 |
CXVIII | 147 |
CXX | 148 |
CXXI | 152 |
CXXIII | 154 |
CXXV | 155 |
CXXVI | 156 |
CXXVII | 157 |
CXXIX | 158 |
CXXXI | 159 |
CXXXV | 161 |
CXXXVI | 163 |
CXXXVIII | 164 |
CXLIII | 165 |
CXLV | 166 |
CXLVI | 167 |
CXLVII | 168 |
CL | 169 |
CLII | 170 |
CLIII | 173 |
CLIV | 175 |
CLVI | 177 |
CLVII | 189 |
CLVIII | 223 |
CLIX | 227 |
CLX | 229 |
CLXIII | 238 |
CLXXXVI | 253 |
CLXXXVII | 254 |
CLXXXVIII | 255 |
CXCII | 257 |
CXCIII | 258 |
CXCIV | 260 |
CXCVII | 261 |
CXCVIII | 263 |
CC | 264 |
CCI | 265 |
CCIV | 267 |
CCV | 268 |
CCVII | 269 |
CCVIII | 270 |
CCIX | 279 |
CCXI | 353 |
CCXII | 357 |
CCXIII | 359 |
CCXV | 364 |
CCXVII | 365 |
CCXVIII | 367 |
CCXIX | 368 |
CCXX | 371 |
CCXXI | 373 |
CCXXII | 374 |
CCXXIII | 375 |
CCXXV | 376 |
CCXXVI | 377 |
CCXXVII | 378 |
CCXXVIII | 379 |
CCXXX | 380 |
CCXXXII | 382 |
CCXXXIII | 383 |
CCXXXVII | 385 |
CCXXXVIII | 387 |
CCXXXIX | 388 |
CCXLI | 389 |
CCXLII | 390 |
CCXLIII | 391 |
401 | |
CCXLV | 405 |
CCXLVI | 407 |
CCXLVIII | 409 |
CCLI | 411 |
CCLII | 412 |
CCLIII | 413 |
CCLIV | 414 |
CCLV | 415 |
CCLVI | 416 |
CCLVII | 417 |
CCLIX | 418 |
CCLX | 419 |
CCLXI | 424 |
CCLXII | 425 |
CCLXIII | 428 |
CCLXIV | 429 |
CCLXV | 431 |
CCLXVI | 432 |
CCLXVII | 433 |
CCLXVIII | 439 |
CCLXX | 477 |
CCLXXII | 511 |
CCLXXIII | 515 |
CCLXXIV | 517 |
CCLXXV | 519 |
CCLXXVI | 521 |
CCLXXVII | 524 |
CCLXXVIII | 527 |
CCLXXX | 529 |
CCLXXXII | 531 |
CCLXXXIV | 545 |
CCLXXXVI | 559 |
CCLXXXVIII | 563 |
CCXC | 565 |
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Common terms and phrases
aerosol aerosol forcing albedo analysis anomalies anthropogenic AOGCM areas Assessment atmospheric CO2 average biogeochemical carbon cycle century Chapter circulation model Clim climate change climate models climate sensitivity climate system climate variability cloud CO₂ convection coupled models decades decrease distribution dynamics ecosystems effects El Niņo-Southern Oscillation emission scenarios ENSO estimates experiments feedbacks Figure flux adjustment Geophys glaciers global climate global mean temperature global warming greenhouse gases GtC/yr GWPS high latitudes ice sheet increase interannual IPCC land land-surface marine Meteorological methane natural variability North Atlantic Northern Hemisphere observed ocean models Pacific parametrization patterns ppmv precipitation processes projections radiation radiative forcing rainfall range recent Research response scale sea ice sea level change sea level rise Section simulations soil moisture solar spatial stabilisation stratospheric studies sulphate aerosols surface air temperature temperature change terrestrial thermohaline circulation time-scales trends tropical tropospheric ozone uncertainties variations water vapour Wigley