People and Power: Electricity Sector Reforms and the Poor in Europe and Central AsiaWorld Bank Publications, 2007 - 227 pages Empirical insights on household behavior and electricity consumption patterns in this book reveal that, in Europe and Central Asia, the erosion of tariff based subsidies has disproportionately affected the poor, while direct transfers through social benefit systems have often been inadequately targeted. The book suggests alternative strategies for achieving cost-recovery in the electricity sector in a socially and politically acceptable manner, providing lessons that are equally relevant for other utilities and regions. |
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Page 185
... Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Albania 100 100 100 35 7 17 10 5 7 Armenia 98 99 99 52 20 30 10 6 8 Azerbaijan 100 100 100 13 12 12 2 2 2 Belarus 100 100 100 5 3 4 2 1 1 Bulgaria 99 100 100 1 1 ...
... Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Albania 100 100 100 35 7 17 10 5 7 Armenia 98 99 99 52 20 30 10 6 8 Azerbaijan 100 100 100 13 12 12 2 2 2 Belarus 100 100 100 5 3 4 2 1 1 Bulgaria 99 100 100 1 1 ...
Page 186
... Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Albania 99 100 100 19 9 13 5 3 4 Armenia 94 99 98 55 42 42 8 4 6 Azerbaijan 99 100 100 16 12 12 2 1 1 Belarus 97 100 99 9 6 6 1 1 1 Bulgaria 94 100 99 1 0 1 8 8 ...
... Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Albania 99 100 100 19 9 13 5 3 4 Armenia 94 99 98 55 42 42 8 4 6 Azerbaijan 99 100 100 16 12 12 2 1 1 Belarus 97 100 99 9 6 6 1 1 1 Bulgaria 94 100 99 1 0 1 8 8 ...
Page 187
... Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Albania 99 100 100 19 9 13 6 4 5 Armenia 94 99 98 55 42 42 10 6 7 Azerbaijan 99 100 100 16 12 12 2 2 2 Belarus 97 100 99 9 6 6 2 1 1 Bulgaria 94 100 99 1 0 1 10 ...
... Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Albania 99 100 100 19 9 13 6 4 5 Armenia 94 99 98 55 42 42 10 6 7 Azerbaijan 99 100 100 16 12 12 2 2 2 Belarus 97 100 99 9 6 6 2 1 1 Bulgaria 94 100 99 1 0 1 10 ...
Page 188
... Full-Cost Recovery. elasticity e = –0.15 e = –0.25 e = –0.35 e = –0.50 e = –1 Bottom Top Bottom Top Bottom Top Bottom Top Bottom Top Country 20% 20% Total 20% 20% Total 20% 20% Total 20% 20% Total 20% 20% Total Albania 10 6 8 9 6 8 8 5 7 ...
... Full-Cost Recovery. elasticity e = –0.15 e = –0.25 e = –0.35 e = –0.50 e = –1 Bottom Top Bottom Top Bottom Top Bottom Top Bottom Top Country 20% 20% Total 20% 20% Total 20% 20% Total 20% 20% Total 20% 20% Total Albania 10 6 8 9 6 8 8 5 7 ...
Page 189
... Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Albania na na na na na na na na na Armenia 36 45 36 95 82 86 5 5 6 Azerbaijan 92 94 92 21 23 20 2 1 1 Belarus 92 89 90 na na na na na na Bulgaria 1 7 4 0 0 0 3 2 ...
... Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Bottom 20% Top 20% Total Albania na na na na na na na na na Armenia 36 45 36 95 82 86 5 5 6 Azerbaijan 92 94 92 21 23 20 2 1 1 Belarus 92 89 90 na na na na na na Bulgaria 1 7 4 0 0 0 3 2 ...
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Common terms and phrases
analysis approach areas Armenia average Azerbaijan benefits better bills budget Central changes chapter collection companies consumers cost cost recovery countries customers demand Development direct distribution district heating economic effects efficiency elasticity electricity consumption estimated expenditures factors figure findings focus fuels Georgia groups higher households impact important improved income indicate investments less levels losses lower means measures meters million mitigating Moldova month monthly na na na natural nonpoor Note options particularly payment percent percentage political poor poverty privatization produce PSIAs rates received reduced reform region reliable remained reported residential result rising rural sector service quality share significant social Source spend strategies studies subsidies substitutes suggests supply survey tariff increases Tbilisi tion transfers Union Fenosa urban utility welfare wood World Bank
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Page 6 - East Asia and Pacific Europe and Central Asia Latin America and the Caribbean Middle East and North Africa...
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