THREE-FOURTHS. Amendments to the Constitution must be ratified
by the legislatures or conventions of three-fourths of the
States...

Differences of opinion as to what are three-fourths
necessary for the fourteenth amendment, n. 275,
TIME of choosing electors may be determined by Congress
TITLE of nobility. No title of nobility shall be granted by the
United States; and no person holding any office of profit
or trust under them, shall, without the consent of the
Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, or
title, of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or
foreign State

TITLE of nobility. No State shall grant any title of nobility
Title of nobility defined, n. 151.

TODD, THOMAS. Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, n. 197,
p. 193.

TOMPKINS, DANIEL D. Vice-President, n. 37, p. 78.

TONNAGE. No State shall, without the consent of Congress, lay
any duty of tonnage.

Tonnage defined, n. 163.

TOOMBS, ROBERT, of Ga. Expelled from the Senate, n. 50.

TRACY, URIAH. President of the Senate, pro tempore, n. 38,
p. 78.

TRAINING the militia. The authority of training the militia re-

served to the States

This power explained, notes 134, 135.

TRANQUILLITY. Constitution established to secure domestic tran-

quillity. Preamble.

This object defined, n. 9.

TREASON. For treason a senator or representative may be ar-

rested..

D

TREASON. All civil officers shall be removed from office on im-

peachment for, and conviction of, treason, &c......
TREASON against the United States shall consist only in levying
war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving
them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of
treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the
same overt act, or on confession in open court

...

Treason at common law defined, n. 215. Only defined,
Id. The levying war may be under the authority of State
governments or confederacy of States, Id. p 211.

TREASON. The Congress shall have power to declare the punish-

ment of treason, but no attainder of treason shall work cor-
ruption of blood or forfeiture, except during the life of
the person attainted...

Punishment defined and acts of Congress quoted, n. 217.
TREASON. A person charged with treason, and fleeing from one
State to another, to be delivered up, on demand, to the
State having jurisdiction...:
TREASURY. The senators and representatives shall receive a
compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law,
and paid out of the Treasury of the United States
TREASURY. No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in
consequence of appropriations made by law; and a regu-
lar statement and account of the receipts and expendi-
tures of all public money shall be published from time to
time

TREASURY of the United States. The net produce of all duties
and imposts, laid by any State on imports or exports,
shall be for the use of the Treasury of the United States..
(See Secretary of the Treasury, n. 184.)

TREATIES.

The President shall have power, by and with the
advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, pro-
vided two-thirds of the senators present concur

Treaty defined, n. 178, p. 175, and note 240. They are
contracts, Id. Their interpretation is often political,
notes 178, 199. The advice of the Senate, how obtained,
n. 178.

TREATIES. The judicial power shall extend to all cases in law and equity arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and the treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority.

This subject critically considered, n. 199, p. 195. TREATIES. All treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land..

TREATY. No State shall enter into any treaty.

Treaties defined, notes 178, 240. How far it binds the nation and is repealable, n. 240.

Because it is a national power, n. 152. Treaty defined, notes 178, 199, 240.

TRIAL. A party convicted on an impeachment shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment, according to law.

TRIAL by jury. The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury, and such trial shall be held in the State where the said crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law direct.......

(See Crimes—Jury, notes 213, 215.) Trial defined, n. 213, p. 209. TRIAL. In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shali enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law. Amendments..

TRIAL by jury. In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved; and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of the United States. Amendments...

(See Common Law, n. 263.)

TRIBUNALS. Congress shall have power to constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court.

The tribunals which have been established under this section, n. 109.

TRIED. When the President of the United States is tried on an impeachment, the chief-justice shall preside....

TRIED.

"Twice in jeopardy," means that a party shall not be
tried a second time, n. 255.

TRIMBLE, ROBERT. Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, n.
197, p. 193.

TROOPS. No State shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any
duty of tonnage, or keep troops or ships of war, in time
of peace.
Troops defined, n. 164,

TRUMBULL, JONATHAN. Speaker of the House of Representatives,

n. 26.

TRUST. Judgment, in cases of impeachment, shall not extend
further than removal from office, and disqualification to
hold an enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit under
the United States

TRUST. No person holding an office of trust or profit under the
United States shall be appointed an elector.

TRUST. No religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States..

TRY all impeachments. The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments..

(See note 40.)

TWENTY dollars. In suits at common law, when the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved. Amendments

(See Common Law, n. 263.)

TWO-THIRDS. No person shall be convicted by the Senate on an

Impeachment without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present.. TWO-THIRDS. Each house of Congress may, by the concurrence of

two-thirds, expel a member. TWO-THIRDS. A bill returned with objections by the President, may be passed by two-thirds of both houses of Congress, and become a law....... TWO-THIRDS. Any order, resolution, or vote, to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment), and returned with objections by the President, may be repassed by two-thirds of both houses of Congress TWO-THIRDS. The President shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the senators present concur TWO-THIRDS. The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution. TWO-THIRDS. On the application of the legislatures of two-thirds of the several States, Congress shall call a convention for proposing amendments to the Constitution... TWO-THIRDS. A quorum (of the House of Representatives for the election of President) shall consist of a member or members from-two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. Amendments.... TWO-THIRDS. A quorum (for the election of Vice-President by the Senate) shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. Amendments....

TYLER, JOHN. Vice-President, n. 37. And President, n. 166.

UNIFORM. All duties, imports, and excises, shall be uniform throughout the United States.

Taxes must be uniform, under this clause; but need not be apportioned according to the census, n. 81, p. 102. Uniform defined, Id.

UNIFORM. Congress shall have power to establish an uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies, throughout the United States..

To be uniform the power must be exclusive, n. 93. UNION. The doctrines of nullification in regard to, Pref. p. vii. It has the inherent powers to make it perpetual, Préf. p. viii. Secession tested its strength, Id, xi. Effect of secession upon governments firm to the Union, Pref. p. xii. The principle upon which West Virginia was admitted into the Union, Id. and note 235. The security in the hands of the lawmaking power, Pref. p. xiii., notes 46, 233, 242, 276, 286. Its firm basis, n. 286. Articles of Confederation and perpetual union, p. 9.

UNION. The Constitution established in order to form a more perfect union.

Preamble

That is to make it stronger, n. 7.

UNION. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned
among the several States which may be included within
this Union, according to their respective numbers, &c...........
UNION. The President shall, from time to time, give to the Congress
information of the state of the Union, and recommend to
their consideration such measures as he shall judge
necessary and expedient

UNION. New States may be admitted by the Congress into this
Union....

See a list, and the dates of the admission of new States,
n. 230.

UNION. The United States shall guarantee to every State in the
Union a republican form of government

12

89, 242

UNITED STATES. Declaration of Independence sent to each of the,
p. 8. Formed Articles of Confederation, pp. 8, 9. Style of the
"United States of America," Art. I. p. 9. Inhibitions
upon the States without the consent of, Arts. VI. pp. 11,
12, 13. Expenses of war to be borne by, Art. VIII. p. 13.
Power and jurisdiction under the Confederation, Art. IX.
pp. 14-19. Committee of the States might exercise the
powers of, during recess, Art. X. p. 19. Canada might be
admitted into the, Art. X. p. 19. To be liable for bills of
credit issued by Congress, Art. XII. p. 19. The States to
abide by the determination of, Art. XIII. p. 20.
UNITED STATES, or government of the United States.

We the
people of the United States, &c., do ordain and establish
this Constitution for the United States of America.
Preamble...

(See America-Government-People, notes 1-13.)

UNITED STATES. All legislative powers herein granted shall be
vested in a Congress of the United States
(See Legislative Power, notes 14, 15.)

UNITED STATES. No person shall be a representative who shall
not have attained the age of twenty-five years, and been
seven years a citizen of the United States...
(See Qualifications, notes 19, 20, 46.)

UNITED STATES. The Senate of the United States shall be com-
posed of two senators from each State..
(See Senators, n. 28.)

UNITED STATES. No person shall be a senator who shall not have
attained to the age of thirty years, and been nine years a
citizen of the United States...

(See Qualifications, notes 35, 46.)

UNITED STATES. Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit, under the United States

Doubtful if it can be less. (See Impeachment, n. 40.)
UNITED STATES. The senators and representatives shall receive a
compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law,
and paid out of the treasury of the United States..
(See Compensation.)

UNITED STATES. No senator or representative shall, during the
time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil
office under the authority of the United States, which shall
have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have
been increased, during such time; and no person holding
any office under the United States shall be a member of
either house during his continuance in office....
(See Offices, n. 63.)

UNITED STATES. Congress shall have power to provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States. (See Common Defense and General Welfare, notes 9, 79, 80.)

UNITED STATES. All duties, imposts, and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States..

(See Duties, notes 81, 144.)

UNITED STATES. Congress shall have power to establish an uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States.....

(See Naturalization-Bankruptcies, notes 93-96.) As to the effect of naturalization, see n. 274.

UNITED STATES. Congress shall have power to provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States.

(See Counterfeiting, n. 103.)

UNITED STATES. Establishment of the seat of government of the
United States..

(See District of Columbia-Forts-Arsenals, notes 186,
137.)
UNITED STATES. Congress shall have power to make all laws which

shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution
the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this
Constitution in the government of the United States, or
in any department or office thereof...

(See Laws-Powers, notes 138, 268, 269, 274.
UNITED STATES. No title of nobility shall be granted by the United
States.

(See Nobility, notes 150, 151.)

UNITED STATES Treasury. (See Treasury.)
UNITED STATES. No State shall, without the consent of Congress,
lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except
what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspec-
tion laws, and the net produce of all duties and imposts
laid by any State on imports or exports shall be for the
use of the Treasury of the United States, and all such laws.
shall be subject to the revision and control of the Con-
gress.

(See States-Duties-Imposts, notes 162-165.)

For these inhibitions see the Articles of Confederation,
Art. VI. pp. 11-13.

UNITED STATES. The executive power shall be vested in a Presi-
dent of the United States of America...

(See Executive Power, n. 165.) List of Presidents, n.166.
UNITED STATES. No senator or representative, or person holding
an office of trust or profit under the United States, shall be
appointed an elector of President and Vice-President....
UNITED STATES. The time of choosing electors shall be the same
throughout the United States..
Time fixed, n. 168c.

UNITED States. No person except a natural born citizen, or citizen
of the United States at the time of the adoption of the
Constituton, nor unless he shall have attained the age of
thirty-five years, and been fourteen years a resident of the
United States, shall be President of the United States....
(See Qualification, n. 170.)

UNITED STATES. The President shall be commander-in-chief of the
army and navy of the United States, and of the militia of
the several States, when called into actual service of the
United States..

(See Commander-in-Chief, n. 175.)
UNITED STATES. The President shall have power to grant reprieves
and pardons for offenses against the United States, except
in cases of impeachment..

(See Reprieves-Pardons, n. 177.)

UNITED STATES. The President shall nominate, and, by and with
the advice and consent of the Senate, appoint officers of
the United States, whose appointments are not herein
otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by
law...

(See Appointments, notes 179-184: Tenure of Office,
n. 184.)

UNITED STATES. The President shall commission all officers of the
United States..

(See Commission, n. 190.)

UNITED STATES. The President, Vice-President, and all civil
officers of the United States, shall be removed from office
on impeachment for, and conviction of, treason, bribery, or
other high crimes and misdemeanors.
(See Impeachment, notes 192-194.)

UNITED STATES. The judical power of the United States, shall be
vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts
as the Congress may from time to time ordain and estab-
lish...

(See Judicial Power, notes 195-198.)

י

UNITED STATES. The judicial power shall extend to all contro-
versies to which the United States shall be a party.
UNITED STATES. The judicial power shall extend to all cases in
law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws