cow with high quality milk very rich in cream. He recommends the last quart of the milk as taken from the cow, the "strippings," which in the proper cow, he says, will be "nearly all cream." The usual experience with milking, we believe, is to find the "strippings" to be very poor in

cream.

Dr. Kendall directs his patient to drink the milk, or cream, while still warm from the cow. This, of course, can only be done if the cow is kept for the purpose and the patient is at hand. If, as Dr. Kendall contends, ingestion of warm cream in suitable quantities will cure tuberculosis, then, by all means, let us give our patients the

cream.

However, we fear the doctor's contention is not well founded, for many fat persons have wasted away and died of tuberculosis. Some stout persons are flabby and weak. Stoutness, with robust health, is the acme of resistance to disease, albeit there is very much truth in the old adage, "A lean dog for a long race."

The fat of meat can be assimilated by everybody with a normal or nearly normal digestion. Those who are not accustomed to it should begin with a small quantity at a meal. This will very likely cause some flatulence and perhaps a laxativ effect. A stomachic mixture containing hydrochloric acid, pepsin and nux vomica might be administered to stimulate the digestiv glands, and a little calomel after each meal will cause a flow of bile, which will split the fat into small globules ready for absorption in the intestins.

In spite of the flatulence, however, the person should persist in his eating of fat and he will succeed in his endeavor to appropriate the fat he ingests, and, what is more, he will very probably develop a liking for a taste of the fat, which will keep him eating the fat until he is as plump. as he wishes to be. Then, if fat is a cure for tuberculosis, he will have attained the cure. In any event, it is a splendid food and we should encourage the whole human family to eat the fat set before it on the table, and not to waste it.

All failures to promptly check postpartum hemorrhage are due to failure to make emptying of the uterus of all clots the first essential. If this is done, bimanual manipulation (one hand on the uterus from the abdominal wall, and the other kneading thru the vagina) will promptly cause a cessation of bleeding. A hot intra-uterin douche (120° F.), and the hypodermic injection of ergot into the thigh complete the immediate treatment.

Confronting the holders of the Rock Island collateral bonds who have not deposited their securities with the Wallace Committee, is the interesting problem whether it is better for them to take for their bonds the cash available after the sale or join with the committee and receive their collateral in lieu of their bonds.

If the bondholder prefers the first mentioned plan, for each $1,000 bond he will obtain $98.50 in cash or thereabouts, which is equivalent to $9.80 a share for the operating company's stock. On the second proposition by paying about $4.50 per $1,000 bond to cover legal and committee expenses, there will be turned over to him the stock of the old Rock Island Company.

Here, again, we see that large numbers of investors intelligent investors, were lured to their ruin. These wrecks were caused by dishonesty. Some say by mismanagement, but the mismanagement always resulted in large increase in the private fortunes of the mismanagers.

Again:

I do not suppose there ever has been a time in the United States when investments have been so thoroly tested as they have been since last August 1st. There are now, I believe, more than seven hundred million dollars of railroad bonds in default, with the prospect of more. The Wall Street Journal has listed 191 corporations which passed or reduced their dividends during the year. The shrinkage of standard stocks undoubtedly runs into the billions of dollars. The best class of listed bonds are now quoted far below their normal level.

Here we have something different. The only wonder is that such a war as is now in progress has not disturbed values all over the world more than it has.

What tremendous losses! And add to these the flood of hard-earned dollars flowing into the greedy hands of fraudulent schemers of all kinds. Not only the silly "small investor," who does not know anything about finance, but astute bankers and business men have been deceived and defrauded, as above indicated.

Discouraging, isn't it? We thus see how difficult is the problem of safe investing. We know that to put money into barefaced frauds and the risks of mining companies, oil companies, tropical plantations, etc., is equivalent to throwing it away. And now we see that investments in the bonds and stocks of prominent railroads have their risks. Few things are absolutely certain in this world; hence, we should get as near certainty as we possibly can. We see the importance of guarding the principle. The showings above almost drive one back to the old stocking hidden away in the cellar wall. But we must all take reasonable risks, and keep our money in circulation. If everybody would resort to the old stocking, business would dry up for want of a circulating medium.

Here is a good sample of the kind of investing that bankers and all good investors avoid (clipping from the Philadelphia Ledger for February 11th):

LAST OFFICIAL CONVICTED IN LUMBER FRAUD CASES. FORMER MANAGER OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COMPANY PLEADS GUILTY IN $6,000,000 CONSPIRACY SCANDAL.

Henry A Merrill, former manager and director of the International Lumber and Development Company, yesterday pleaded guilty in the United States District Court to a charge of conspiracy to defraud by use of the mails. Sentence was deferred until early in March for the purpose of allowing counsel time to obtain evidence in support of a plea for leniency.

Merrill's plea practically ends the Government's prosecution of a swindle that resulted in stockholders of the company being fleeced out of $6,000,000. Five officers stood trial and were convicted and sentenced to terms ranging from one to two years. Fines, running as high as $10,000, were also imposed. Recently the United States Supreme Court denied the rehearing of their cases. The convicted men are John R. Markley, Isaiah B. Miller, William H. Armstrong, Jr., Charles M. McMahon and Albert G. Stewart.

These men will all go to the Eastern Penitentiary early in March. The United States Circuit Court of Appeals has received the higher court's mandate. This will be transmitted to the District Court on February 25th, and within five days the defendants will be required to surrender to the United States marshal. About this time Merrill's case will be disposed of.

Merrill, who was formerly the president of the City National Bank of Mason City, Iowa, was a director of the International concern and manager of the company's plantation in Campeche, Mexico. According to postal inspectors, the defendants flooded the country with alluring literature in support of statements that the 288,000-acre plantation was rich in valuable mahogany trees, henequen plants and other products, and the concern was doing an enormous business. It was shown by evidence that the company was doing

practically nothing at all in the way of development work, the products were poor, and that dividends were being paid from the money received from stockholders.

Florida Land-From a Resident Doctor.

DEAR DR. TAYLOR:-Twice in the last few months, once in MEDICAL WORLD and once in Medical Council, I have felt compelled to defend our fair State, and in a way warn the brethren against real estate swindlers. If the same proportion of men who read my letters and did not write me, bit on some of the Florida literature they may have seen as existed among those who did write me, certainly several have liberally contributed. The real estate swindler has done us harm that we will be years in getting over.

Many of the brothers who wrote askt about our climate for rheumatism, and for the benefit of others will tell them that in our fine grape

fruit exists one of the best treatments for this

condition.

The whole fruit on the market is expensiv, but the bottled juice, squeezed from the choicest fruit, can be bought cheaper, and is worth trying. For the love of all that is good, keep up your fight on investing money in anything from a pocket knife to Florida land that has not first been seen. Fraternally, D. C. MAIN. Welaka, Fla.

How to Avoid Loss from Insurance. You carry an insurance policy for accidents and illness. You have an accident or an illness and you send your application in a reasonable and sensible way. You are surprised to learn that your claim is not good. You have not applied in the specified time or in the regular way; or there is an exception in the terms of your policy that counts your claim out. You are surprised. You feel that you have been defrauded. You look up the exact terms of your policy and you see that you have been caught on a technicality-because you were not posted as to the terms of your policy. You have been paying your premiums regularly, perhaps for years, but you have lost your claim.

Moral: Don't insure until you have acquainted yourself fully with the details of the policy. If you do not approve of them, do not insure. If you do, insure; but as soon as you have an illness or accident, get your policy and read all the conditions in detail again, and fulfil every technical requirement. In this way you will get the good of your insurance, but in no other way. No careless man should insure. No use. He will lose if he does. The only way to keep up with an insurance company is to be methodical and accurate.

If your policy has a "septic clause," scrutinize it carefully. Usually they read this way:

Subject otherwise to all of its conditions and provisions, this policy covers septic poi

soning, the result of external inoculation thru accidental contact with septic matter.

Notice the word "accidental." If you are operating and get poisoned, is your contact with the poison accidental? You knew you would certainly or very probably come into contact with septic matter while operating. Then why did you operate? Did you operate "accidentally"? Think of these points and settle them before you insure.

I appreciate this from a southern brother: KERSHAW, S. C., February 4, 1915. DEAR DR. TAYLOR-I am sending you my check for $1 to renew my subscription.

I enjoy reading THE WORLD very much, especially your Business and Monthly Talks. In your Business Talk in February WORLD, I notice where you offer to extend credit to southern subscribers on account of low price of cotton.

We of the south, of course, appreciate your offer and the sentiment which prompted it, but wish to state that the south is not in near as bad condition as our "calamity howlers" would make believe. While there is some depression in business, we have plenty to eat and wear, and nearly everybody has some money.

I will say for the benefit of our friends further north that the low price of one cotton crop will never break the south, but that we will come out stronger than ever. It has taught our people to be more economical, which is a valuable lesson, for, as you know, we have been the most extravagant people in the whole country.

I have been heeding your business advice for nearly fifteen years, and find it good. I never invest in getrich-quick schemes, but have always found safe and profitable investment for my earnings at home.

With best wishes for the continued success of THE WORLD, which I consider the best journal I get, I am, Yours truly, L. T. GREGORY, M.D.

THESE ARE SAD CASES.

DEAR DR. TAYLOR-$2 inclosed for 1914 and 1915. Collections are difficult in this as in other states and cities. But I feel that things will open up much better this spring for the people and the poor doctors.

Your lectures on finance are good. Doctors are, as a rule, easy marks for the confidence man. My brother, Dr. F. E. Ross, was induced to invest $7,000 in worthless mining stock. He sent his brother-in-law to the mines in Colorado. The visitor was induced to go down into the mine and procured some of the fine specimens of gold ore with which the mine had been salted, and brought them back with him to this city, and several good citizens bit hard and lost their money, and three of them died soon after their discovery of the fraud practised on them.

I think the distress of mind following the transaction caused the death of all three of the purchasers of the bogus stock. All praise to your efforts to educate the easy medical profession in handling their hard-earned money in such a sound way as to give them a competency in the days of old age.

Yours fraternally, DR. L. C. Ross.

Springfield, Mo.

THE MEDICAL MONTH.

The Official Register of the Iowa Pharmaceutic Association is our authority for the information that Dr. Sumner, of the Iowa Board of Health, has taken the position that a druggist is guilty of a conspiracy to fix prices when he affixes the N. A. R. D. price mark, "P-H-A-R-MO-C-I-S-T," to a copy of a prescription. In this position the Doctor has been upheld by the state's attorney-general, who opines that the practise constitutes a case for prosecution and has turned the matter over to the Iowa Board of

Pharmacy for further investigation. It is re

On October 29th the Atlanta (Ga.) RoentgenRay Society was formed, with an initial membership of fifteen.

The Tri-State Medical Association of the Carolinas and Virginia held its annual meeting in Charleston, S. C., February 17th and 18th.

At a regular meeting of the Mississippi State Board of Health, on October 26, 1914, a resolution was adopted that the definition of a reputable medical college be amended to read as follows: "One which is clast as A plus or B by the American Medical Association until January 1, 1919. After this date said colleges shall require an entrance qualification in addition to four years of standard high school work, one year of college work, including courses in physics, chemistry, biology and a modern language. This to apply to all who graduate in 1919, or thereafter. Those graduating before this to be allowed credit for four years or more of regular practise instead of this additional qualification." This is the twenty-fourth state to adopt this higher require

ment.

"Insanity and crime among American negroes are increasing at an alarming rate, due to the mental inferiority of the black race as compared with the white race and their inability to stand the strain which increast responsibility and change in their habits of life since slavery days have brought upon them." This statement was made by Dr. Charles W. Burr in a paper on "Insanity in Negroes," read before a large audience of physicians and psychologists at the January 8th meeting of the Philadelphia Psychiatric Society.

Under New York City's revised sanitary code no person with tuberculosis or other contagious disease can be employed as a teacher in a public or a private school without permission from the Health Department. No employes with any infectious or blood diseases shall be permitted in any place where food or drink is prepared or sold, and all workers in such places must be ready to submit to a physical examination by the department.

The Servian government is in immediate need of the service of qualified bacteriologists and physicians experienced in the treatment of epidemic diseases. The terms of service and remuneration will be made by arrangement. Applicants who are interested should submit their offers with references to the Secretary of the Servian Legation, 195 Queens Gate, London, S. W.

Nathan Straus, the New York pioneer who for twenty-three years has urged the purification of the milk supplies by pasteurization, at Jacksonville, Fla., December 4, 1914, argued that the municipalities ought to take over the protection of the milk supplies. In a paper before the American Public Health Association he pointed out that "city-owned, city-purified and city-distributed water supplies had cut out one of the three great causes of typhoid fever, and this policy had been vindicated."

Philadelphia has become the American center for supplying European belligerents with surgical supplies, Red Cross ambulances included.

The two sisters who were born May 22d, joined together, back to back, being united in the lumbar region, were cut apart at Paris July 16th. This difficult operation was performed by Dr. Mignot, assisted by Dr. C. W. Du Bouchet, chief surgeon of the American Hospital. The most delicate part of the operation was the dissection of the intestines, which at one point were united for a space of an inch and a quarter.

French Lick Springs, Ind., has been chosen for the half-yearly (March 3d to 5th) meeting of the medical section of the American Life Convention.

An exhaustiv test has proved that rubber heels are a safeguard against slipping, and heels are furnisht the 7,500 men in many departments of the Goodyear Rubber and Tire Company.

The British forces at the front call for many more surgeons with supplies, the present doctors being badly overworkt.

Santa Monica, Cal., now under commission government, requires that its health officer must be a graduate of a reputable medical college and have been in practise at least five years. Incidentally the health officer, according to the Los Angeles (Cal.) Outlook, December 12, 1914, must be the mayor of the town.

The Dietetic and Hygienic Gazette, just completing the thirtieth year of its existence, has been purchast by The Critic and Guide Company, and, beginning with January, 1915, was consolidated with The Critic and Guide, and the combined journals will be under the editorship of Dr. William J. Robinson. The offices of publication are at 12 Mt. Morris Park W., New York City.

According to the Associated Press, no fewer than 54% of the French wounded returned to the firing line before December 12th, according to figures supplied at Paris December 17th by the surgical department of the Ministry of War. Of the remainder, 24% had been given convalescent leaves, 17% were still in hospitals and 1%% had been discharged from the army. Three and a half per cent. of the wounded died. These statistics demonstrate the remarkable advance made in surgery and show a lower percentage of deaths from wounds than in any preceding war.

For protection against the cold, European troops at the front sleep under heavy wrapping paper fixt between woolen blankets.

The new $70,000 building for medical research at the National Jewish Hospital, Denver, which was dedicated January 10th by Samuel Grabfelder, of Philadelphia, president of the organization who donated it, is the most up to date of its kind in the country. Said Mr. Grabfelder : "We can offer to the penniless man more expert treatment for tuberculosis than the millionaire can secure, for this reason. When a patient comes here the case is thoroly investigated and treatment under the proper expert recommended."

The New Orleans Post-Graduate School of Medicin opened for its first session October 26th.

A National Committee, which includes some of the most prominent physicians in this country, has been organized to obtain money for the relief of physicians and their families who are destitute in Belgium. Contributions should be sent to Dr.

Wm. L. Rodman, 2106 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, president of the American Medical Association.

A striking advance, probably of significance in diagnosis and treatment, was shown by Dr. Dayton C. Miller, the noted physicist, of Cleveland, Ohio, in the course of a lecture on "The Science of Musical Sounds" at Philadelphia, December 29th, delivered in connection with the Philadelphia meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Upon an instrument of his own invention, called a "phonodeik," Dr. Miller projected sound waves upon a screen, so that his audience was able to "see" each sound as it was made. The human voice, a flute, a cornet and operatic and orchestral selections upon a phonograph were used to show the various sorts of sound waves, the spectators being able to see upon the screen the slightest changes in the pitch, quality or complexity of the music. The waves sent out by the simple tones of a tuning fork gave long, even curves, while the delicate variations in the human voice sputtered upon the screen like fireworks.

At the meeting of the National Eclectic Medical Association in Indianapolis, it was decided that a committee should be appointed with the object of procuring expressiv and fair presentations of the eclectic cause, presented in as condenst form as possible, both to the medical professions of America, regardless of sect, and to the people who depend upon the professions of medicin for their care in sickness and for guidance in health. This committee, with this object, calls therefore upon the friends of therapeutic progress and fairness to present arguments for two condenst leaflets, one to be addrest to laymen and for promiscuous distribution by physicians, with the object of bringing to the people of America the altruistic cause to which eclectics for one hundred years have devoted their thought and care in behalf of the best interests of the people. the other designed for the entire medical profession of America, with the object of disseminating authoritativ information regarding the altruistic aim and object of the eclectic school of medicin.-National Eclectic Medical Association Quarterly, December, 1914.

Spain will nurse 30,000 French wounded back to health.

The typical record of European physicians on the battle line is shown by the large number killed and wounded. This is true in all countries involved.

An American commission, headed by Dr. M. B. Rosenau, Harvard professor of hygiene, is to make a sociologic study of the Jews of Palestine. This will include sanitary and charitable features and vocational opportunities.

European medical journals describe the many decorations given their military surgeons, regular and volunteer, for fine service at the front.

East Prussian towns have been practically drained of doctors by demands of the battle front.

ORIGINAL COMMUNICATIONS

Short articles of practical help to the profession are solicited for this department. Articles to be accepted must be contributed to this journal only. The editors are not responsible for views exprest by contributors.

Copy must be received on or before the twelfth of the month for publication in the issue for the next month. We decline responsibility for the safety of unused manuscript. It can usually be returned if request and postage for return are received with manuscript; but we cannot agree to always do so. Certainly it is excellent discipline for an

author to feel that he must say all he has to say in the fewest possible words, or his reader is sure to skip them; and in the plainest possible words, or his reader will cer tainly misunderstand them. Generally, also, a downright fact may be told in a plain way; and we want downright facts at present more than anything else.RUSKIN.

The Editor of THE MEDICAL WORLD has askt me to present in brief outline some of the more practical measures taught by me at the Temple University. This course is the one recommended by the Council on Medical Education of the American Medical Association, entitled "Non-Pharmaceutic Therapeutics."

Non-pharmaceutic therapeutics, or auxiliary remedial measures, as I group them, are briefly as follows:

Mechanotherapy, physicodynamic remedies (the adaptation of the principles of “physics"). including all reliable agencies

for betterment of human disabilities and disorders, whose efficiency depends on the utilization of mechanical (thigmotropic, static, etc.) forces, among which are:

1. Devices which act as substitutes for

nature to reinforce underdevelopt, damaged, deformed, overstrained, weakened, relaxt or paralyzed parts or to supply artificial substitutes.

2. To remove obnoxious, obstructing or irritating parts, originally present or acquired.

3. Agencies for altering, mechanically or reflexly, blood and lymph currents, whereby distribution and elimination are activated, compelling greater ebb and flow, removing local or general excess, or supplying deficiencies, accomplisht thru mechanical stimulation exerted upon vasomotor, visceromotor, autonomic, or cerebro-spinal systems

of nerves.

4. To elicit spinal reflexes of contraction or dilation in blood-vessels (chiefly thru ex

citing vagotonicity) and in hollow viscera, by mechanical stimulation, induced by impacts, concussion.

5. Hydrotherapy (balneotherapy): Action of heat and cold thru the medium of water.

6. Movement cures (kinesitherapy): Remedial effects produced by eliciting kinesidynamics, motor energizing by systematized movements, activ and passiv; including also its corollary, rest (akinesia); the employment of activ, passiv and resisted movements or exercises to develop underdevelopt structures, to correct effects of local damage, contractions, adhesions, relaxations, maladjustments of viscera (enteroptosia), of faults in skeletal and static. structures; also to enhance function by free and spontaneous activities.

7. Posture as an aid to function; orthogenics, orthotherapy: The power which correct posture, organic adjustments and mobility exert on persons in and out of

health.

Psychotherapy (Psychodynamics): Making an orderly mind out of a disorderly mind by employing psychodiagnosis, psychoanalysis, psychosynthesis, explanation, persuasion, education, re-education, mind control, suggestion, etc.

Climatotherapy: Reconstructiv personal hygiene by means of determining suitability or desirability of climate, localities, weather conditions, etc., including causes and effects of cold and warm localities, elevated, low, damp, dry, mountainous,

seashore and the like.

(a) Spa Therapy: Mineral and healing waters, the valuable properties of which are, among others: temperature, electric. potential, ionization, colloid (metal) and radio-activity (niton); catalytic powers due to content of substances in colloid state.

(b) Sanatorium therapy, systematic remedial measures by means of special equipments in addition to properties of water, springs, etc., including also many elements of reconstructiv personal hygiene; cures, absolute and partial, "terrain kurs," kinesitherapy, etc.

Radiotherapy: The uses of radium (relegated to special experts).

Electrotherapy: The enormous domain of