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The assumption that vaccination in infancy protected thru life more than anything else developed and kept alive the propaganda of the antivaccinationist.-C. V. CHAPIN, Am. Jour. Pub. Health.

Accuracy in medical diagnosis represents in its final analysis that indefinable something called judgment which is largely the result of gradually acquired knowledge and experience.-F. L. HOFFMAN, A. J. P. Health.

Some headaches result from heart or nerve strain. Most come from improper foods, drinks and eating too rapidly. Still others come from poor eyesight.

A very high percentage of preventable conditions appear in the average well-born and wellreared young adult of the present day.-VAN VALZAH, Wisc. Med. Jour.

We urge more systematic effort on the part of the family physician to point out the sequelæ which may incapacitate the young adult from developing mentally and physically if "mild" diseases are not prevented or treated skillfully.VAN VALZAH, Wis. Med. Jour.

The night of competition has passed. The successful worker in any path of life is he who is working with others instead of against them.Wis. Med. Jour.

Pain is the most characteristic symptom of acute gonorrheal vesiculitis, usually in groin and testicle, frequently lumbar.-W. E. Jost, Med. Fortnightly.

The last government bulletin on the growing of drug plants warns that success means the use of improved methods, machinery probably; and that the crops are subject to similar vicissitudes as in other farming.

In this age of up-to-date technic it seems inexcusable to treat a specific intractable disease with hard rubber syringe and empiric prescriptions.— R. H. MACNAIR, Southern Clinic.

Phagocytes may depend naturally on other cells, and bacteria are a part of their regular food supply.-P. H. HESS.

From the standpoint of both leucocyte and microbe, immunity is nothing more than getting the upper hand of prey in the hunt for pabulum.— ECCLES, Medical Record.

Eccles voices a protest against indiscriminate tonsillotomy. He makes of the tonsil a guardhouse at the gate, with a phagocytic garrison.Med. Rec.

Syphilis: Salvarsan should be given intravenously every 7 to 10 days at least 6 times, and between treatments mercury by deep intramuscular injections.-F. W. SMITH, Med. Record.

A radical operation on a tuberculous focus may be followed by a general infection.-L. B. MEYER, Med. Record.

In 20 pneumonias decided improvement followed when the patient sat up. Cottin (Revue Méd. de la Suisse Romande) attributed this to the gravitation of the blood.

Friedenthal found that adding of oat straw to war bread improved it in taste and appearance, but added little to nutriment. The potato addition to bread is not satisfactory.-Berliner klin. Woch.

While England finds she has to provide for an

enormous crop of "war babies," in Paris the birth-rate has dropt from 1,000 a day in 1914 to 356 during the week ending June 12th.

British sanitarians find gasoline quite effective against lice, killing them and the nits promptly. Camps and hospitals of all the armies are overrun with them.

Appendicitis is especially frequent between 5 and 30, in the arthritic and autoinfective persons. -GILBERT.

What we require is not the percentage of recoveries under medical treatment, but the number of attacks an appendicular subject may survive before the terminal attack.-RECLUS.

There is a growing tendency to regard as epileptic the convulsions of childhood, convulsive uremia and eclampsia.-Le Monde Médical.

Surgery and serums have not yielded very promising results in epilepsy. The whole treatment is comprised in bromids and modification of diet.-Le Monde Méd.

Toothache: Cleanse the cavity, dry it, and fill with a mixture of zinc oxid and eugenol.-Le Monde Méd.

Dental Pulpitis: Cleanse the cavity, dry, and apply a bit of this: Arsenous acid cryst., 4 parts; morphin, 2; essence of cloves, 1. Make a thick paste with creosote. Insert and cover with a varnish as of sandarac, ether and alcohol, equal parts. Remove in 3 hours.-Le Monde Méd.

Health Commissioner Robertson is advocating a school for midwives in Chicago. The work done by some of these illiterates forms the most shocking chapter in malpractise.

The open society meeting, the reputable medical journal, are the only places in which antagonists have fair opportunity for attack and defense, never in private exchange of misconception.ROBERT T. MORRIS, in Medical Council.

Between the upper anterior margin of the tonsil and the anterior pillar there is an open space, and when adhesions appear between the tonsils and the pillar this opening, called the fossa supratonsillaris, often becomes the mouth of a pocket extending downward along the base of the tonsil in which food accumulates, resulting in infection (quinsy or tonsil abscess).` This is the location of most cases of tonsil abscess. I usually get immediate results in these cases by washing out the cavities and applying a solution of silver nitrate.— W. F. COLE, in Southwest Jour. of Med. and Surg.

Medical Preparations That Are Clast as Liquors. Under date of June 6th, the federal Commissioner of Internal Revenue issued a revised list of alcoholic medicinal preparations which are more alcoholic than medicinal and for the sale of which, therefore, a special tax is required as is the case with regard to the sale of alcoholic liquors usually accepted as such. The ruling of the commissioner, with regard to all the preparations on this revised list, became effectiv August 1st. Physicians will want to know what remedies are thus clast. Druggists may not legally sell the following preparations unless they possess the federal license as a retail liquor dealer:

Ale and Beef-Ale & Beef Co., Dayton, Ohio. Allen's Restorative Tonic-Faxon & Gallagher Drug Co., Kansas City, Mo.

Alps Bitters-Peter Rostenkowski, Chicago, Ill. American Alimentary Elixir-American Drug Store, 1115 Canal Street, New Orleans, La.

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Amer Picon-G. Picon (imported). Angostura Aromatic Tincture Bitters-E. R. Behlers, St. Louis, Mo.

Apshinte-The Cordial Panna Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Arbaugh's Newport Bitters-Daniel Stewart Co., Indianapolis, Ind.

Aroma Bitters-V. Gautier, 287 Hudson Street, New York.

Aromatic Bitters-Hanigan Bros., Denver, Colo. Aromatic Stomach Bitters-J. S. Smith & Co., Burlington, Iowa.

Aromatic Bitters-C. N. Prior, Middletown, N. Y. Aromatic Stomach Bitters-The S. Holtzman Co., Johnstown, Pa. Atwood's

La Grippe Specific-Excelsior Medicine

Co., Chicago, Ill.

Ill.

Angauer Bitters-Angauer Bitters Co., Chicago, Ill. Angauer Kidney-Aid-Angauer Bitters Co., Chicago, Augustiner Health and Stomach Bitters-A. M. August, Milwaukee, Wis.

Beef, Iron and Wine-Crown Supply Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.

Beef, Iron and Wine-The Jarmuth Co., Providence, R. I.

Beef, Iron and Wine-Lion Drug Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Beef, Wine and Iron-Chas. C. Miller, Chicago, Ill. Beef, Wine and Iron-Waudby, Son & Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.

Ben Hur Kidney and Liver Bitters-Fred. Reynolds, Detroit, Mich.

Berg's Hawkeye Bitters-Berg Medicine Co., Des Moines, Iowa.

Belvedere Stomach Bitters-Loewy Drug Co., Baltimore, Md.

Ill.

Bismark Laxative Bitters-O. Lange & Co., Chicago,

Bismarck's Royal Nerve Tonic-R. A. Smith & Co., Pana, Ill.

Bitter Wine-Struzynski Bros., Chicago, Ill. Bitter Wine-Aug. W. Burggraf, Johnstown, Pa. Bitters-The Atlantic Vineyard & Wine Co., Philadelphia, Pa.

Blackberry-Karles Medicine Co., Aberdeen, S. Dak. Blackberry Cordial-International Extract Co., Philadelphia, Pa.

Blackberry Cordial-Irondequoit Wine Co., Rochester, N. Y.

Va.

Blackberry Cordial-Strother Drug Co., Lynchburg,

Blackberry and Ginger Cordial-Standard Chemical Co. Fort Smith, Ark.

Blackhawk Bitters-Meyer Bros. Drug Co., St. Louis, Mo.

Black Tonic-Albert Niggemann, St. Louis, Mo. Bonekamp Stomach Bitters-Geo. J. Fixmer, Springfield, Ill.

Bonekamp Bitters-J. S. Smith & Co., Burlington,

Wis.

Botanic Bitters-F. E. Mayhew & Co., San Francisco, Cal.

Bracer Bitters-Bracer Bitters Co., Chicago, Ill. Bradenberg's Colocynthis-Standard Chemical Co., Fort Smith, Ark.

Brod's Celery Pepsin Bitters-Jno. Brod Chemical Co., Chicago, Ill.

Brown's Aromatic Cordial Bitters-Chas. Leich & Co., sole agents, Evansville, Ind.

Brown's Utryme Tonic-A. E. & E. V. Brown Co., Mobile, Ala.

Brown's Vin Nerva Tonic-Brown Chemical Co., Nashville, Tenn.

Buckeye Bitters-Geo. Albert, Milwaukee, Wis. Carpathian Bitters-L. J. Sulak Land Co., West,

Tex.

Cascara Roots-American Bitter Wine Co., Chicago,

Ill. Celery Bitters and Angostura-Frank J. Maus, Kalamazoo, Mich.

Celery Extract-The P. S. Abbey Co., Kalamazoo, Mich.

Clarke's Rock Candy Cordial-Colburn, Birks & Co., Peoria, Ill.

Clayton & Russell's Stomach Bitters-Adams & Co., New York City.

Clifford's Cherry Cure-Standard Chemical Co., Fort Smith, Ark.

Clifford's Peruvian Elixir-Standard Chemical Co., Fort Smith, Ark.

Cinchona Bitters-Morris & Dickson, Shreveport, La. Coca Wine-American Drug Store, 1115 Canal Street, New Orleans, La.

Pa.

Cocktail Bitters-Milburn & Co., Baltimore, Md. Colasaya-Zwart's Pharmacy Co., St. Louis, Mo. Columbo Elixir-Columbo Elixir Co., Philadelphia,

Columbo Peptic Bitters-L. E. Jung & Co., New Orleans, La.

Columbo Tonic Bitters-Iler & Co., Omaha, Neb. Cooper's Nerve Tonic-Muller & Co., Baltimore, Md. Cordial Panna-The Cordial Panna Co., Cleveland, Ohio.

Crescent Star Jamaica Ginger-Gulf Manufacturing Co., New Orleans, La. Crescent Tonic Bitters-Parker Blake Co., New Orleans, La.

Cross Bitter Wine-Eugene Parisek, Chicago, Ill. Damana Gentian Bitters-Milburn & Co., Baltimore, Dandelion Bitters-Beggs Manufacturing Co., Chicago, Ill.

Md.

Dandy Bracer-Dandy Bracer Co., Philadelphia, Pa. De Witt's Stomach Bitters-E. O. De Witt & Co., Chicago, Ill.

Didier's Bitters-J. A. Didier, Binghamton, N. Y. Dr. Bergelt's Magen Bitters-Imported.

Dr. Brown's Blackberry Cordial-Texas Drug Co., Dallas, Tex.

Dr. Brown's Tonic Bitters-Brown Chemical Co., Nashville, Tenn.

Dr. Bouvier's Buchu Gin-Dr. Bouvier's Specialty Co., Louisville, Ky.

Dr. Fowler's Meat and Malt-Meat & Malt Co., Louisville, Ky.

Dr. Gray's Tonic Bitters-Central Botanical Co., Cherry Creek, N. Y. Dr. Hoffman's Golden Bitters-F. Trandt, St. Louis, Mo.

Dr. Hopkins Union Stomach Bitters-F. S. Amidon, Hartford, Conn.

Dr. Hortenbach's Stomach Bitters-Dr. Hortenbach, Minneapolis, Minn.

Dr. Rattinger's Bitters-Rattinger's Medical Sappington, Mo.

Co.,

Dr. Sherman's Peruvian Tonic and SystematizerDes Moines Pharmacal Co., Des Moines, Iowa.

Dr. Sterki's Ohio Bitters-Dr. V. Sterki & Co., New Philadelphia, Ohio.

Dr. Worme's Gesundheit Bitters-J. D. Heimsoth, Chicago, Ill.

Dozier's Apple Bitters-Bitter Apple Bitters Co., Hattiesburg, Miss.

Drake's Plantation Bitters-P. H. Drake & Co., Brooklyn, N. Y.

Dubonnet Wine-Imported.

Dubonnet-Imported.

Ducro's Alimentary Elixir-Imported.

Duffy's Malt Whiskey-Duffy Malt Whiskey Co., Rochester, N. Y.

Elderberry Tonic-M. P. Kappel & Co., Chicago, Ill. Elixir of Bitter Wine-Pleasant Tonic Bitters Co., Chicago, Ill.

Elixir of Bitter Wine-V. Bokr, Chicago, Ill. Elixir Calisaya-Reid, Yeomans & Cubit, New York City. Eucalyptus Cordial-Zwartz Pharmacy Co., St. Louis,

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1. Pathogenic diplococci: Diplococcus meningitidis, Diplococcus gonorrhea, Diplococcus pneumoniæ, Diplococcus catarrhalis.

2. Pathogenic bacteria found in sputum: Tubercle bacilli, streptococci, staphylococci, pneumococci, Friedlander's bacilli, influenza bacilli, and Micrococcus catarrhalis.

3. Syphilis is due to infection by the Treponema pallidum. This is a slender spirillum, with regular turns, the curves varying in number from three or four to twelve or even twenty; it is about 4 to 20 mikrons long, actively motile, with a fine flagellum at each pole; it is dexible, hard to stain, and has not been cultivated on artificial media. How it divides is not known. It stains best with Giemsa's eosin solution and azur.

4. Widal's test in typhoid fever "depends upon the fact that serum from the blood of one ill with typhoid fever, mixed with a recent culture will cause the typhoid bacilli to lose their motility and gather in groups, the whole called 'clumping.' Three drops of blood are taken from the well-washed aseptic finger tip or lobe of the ear, and each lies by itself on & sterile slide, passed thru a flame and cooled just before use; this slide may be wrapped in cotton and transported for examination at the laboratory. Here one drop is mixed with a large drop of sterile water, to re-dissolve it. A drop from the summit of this is then mixed with six drops of fresh broth culture of the bacillus (not over twenty-four hours old) on a sterile slide. From this a small drop of mingled culture and blood is placed in the middle of a sterile cover-glass, and this is inverted over a sterile hollowground slide and examined. A positive reaction is obtained when all the bacilli present gather in one or two masses or clumps and cease their rapid

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movement inside of twenty minutes."-(From Thayer's Pathology.)

5. In progressive pernicious anemia: The marked feature of the disease is pronounced oligocythemia. This progresss rapidly, and in ordinary cases the number of red corpuscles sinks to 1,000,000 or less per cu. mm.; at the same time, changes in size (microcytes and megalocytes) and in shape (poikilocytes) make their appearance and reach grades rarely attained in other diseases. Nucleated red corpuscles are always present in some number, and are usually abundant. The largest forms (megaloblasts) as a rule predominate, but in some cases the smaller forms are more abundant. Karyokinetic figures may be found in the nuclei. Polychromatophilia is generally present. The leucocytes may be decreased or normal fn number; in the late stages leucocytosis is not uncommon, and it may become extreme. The larger mononuclear leucocytes are usually more abundant than in health, and myelocytes often occur in considerable numbers. In the terminal leucocytosis of pernicious anemia the lymphocytes often predominate.

PHYSIOLOGY.

1. How is heat produced in the body, and how is it given off from the body?

2. Explain dangers of transfusing blood from lower animals into man.

3. What is meant by "physiological leucocytosis" and under what conditions found?

4. Discuss functions of (a) proteins, (b) carbohy-` drates, (c) fats, (d) salts, (e) water, all of which constitute food.

5. What physical and chemical changes take place in a muscle during contraction?

6. Give origin and function of the bile.

7. Name parts of (a) small intestine, (b) large intestine.

Answers.

1. Heat is produced in the body by: (1) Muscular action; (2) the action of the glands, chiefly of the liver; (3) the food and drink ingested; (4) the brain; (5) the heart; and (6) the thermogenetic centers in the brain, pons, medulla, and spinal cord. Heat is given off from the body by: (1) the skin, thru evaporation, radiation, and conduction; (2) the expired air; (3) the excretions-urine and feces.

2. Dangers of transfusing blood from lower animals to man: "The serum of certain animals possesses the property of dissolving the red corpuscles of another species of animal. The serum of a dog destroys the red corpuscles of a man; the hemoglobin is dissolved out. The serum besides its action on the red corpuscles, is also active against the white corpuscles of the same animal, stopping their ameboid movements. The globulicidal action of the serum is related to its poisonous action on microbes. The normal serum of certain animals kills microbes, as the serum of the dog kills the typhoid bacilli. The power to kill red corpuscles and microbes is due to the presence in the serum of a substance, an alexin. In transfusion this plays an important part."-(Ott's Physiology.)

3. Physiologic leucocytosis is an increase in the number of the white blood corpuscles occurring under normal or physiologic conditions, such as: Digestion, exercise, after a cold bath, or during pregnancy. 4. Function of proteids: Formation and repair of tissues and fluids of the body, regulation of the absorption and utilization of oxygen, formation of fats and carbohydrates, production of energy. Function of carbohydrates: Production of heat and energy and formation of fats. Function of fats: Supply of heat and energy, supply of fatty tissues, nutrition of nervous system. Function of salts: Support of bony skeleton, supply of HCI for digestion, regulation of nutrition and energy. Function of water: It enters into the composition of all the tissues and fluids of the body, it moistens the surfaces and membranes of the body, it keeps the fluids of the body at their proper degree of dilution, it removes waste matters, distributes and regulates body heat.

5. When a muscle is in a state of activity: (1) It becomes shorter and thicker, but (2) there is no change in volume: (3) there is an increased consumption of oxygen; (4) more carbon dioxid is set free; (5) sarcolactic acid is produced; and hence (6) the muscle becomes acid in reaction; (7) it becomes more extensible, and (8) less elastic; (9) there is an increase in heat production and consequently a rise of temperature; (10) the electrical reaction becomes relatively negative; and (11) a sound is produced.

6. Bile is secreted by the liver. The functions of the bile are: (1) To assist in the emulsification and saponification of fats; (2) to aid in the absorption of fats; (3) to stimulate the cells of the intestine to in

creased secretory activity, and so promote peristalsis, and at the same time tend to keep the feces moist; (4) to eliminate waste products of metabolism, such as lecithin and cholesterin; (5) it has a slight action in converting starch into sugar; (6) it neutralizes the acid chyme from the stomach and thus inhibits peptic digestion; (7) it has very feeble antiseptic action.

7. Parts of the small intestine: Duodenum, jejunum, ileum. Parts of the large intestine: Cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid flexure, rectum.Medical Record.

(To be continued.)

BOOK REVIEWS.

A MANUAL OF DISEASES OF INFANTS AND CHILDREN. By John Ruhrah, M.D., Professor of Diseases of Children, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, Md. Fourth edition, thoroly revised. 552 pages, 175 illustrations. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders Co., 1915. Cloth, $2.50, net.

The text has been held down so that the book would not exceed convenient size for rapid reference by students in clinics and as a desk book for practicians. References thruout the book lead one readily to more extended reading, when it is desired to delve more deeply into any given subject. The essential idea of the text is to facilitate a quick grasp of the fundamentals, and hence it will appeal both to hurried student and busy practician. It lays no claim to filling the field of the more voluminous works, but it does make for convenience, and it will be found sufficient in itself by many practicians who do not care to expend too much energy along one line. The changes in this edition are minor ones, among which may be noted insertion of an article on pellagra in children, use of the soy bean, items on drug eruptions, and a full account of the Binet-Simon test for the mentality of children.-A. L. R.

CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS. A Manual of Laboratory Methods. By James Campbell Todd, M.D., Professor of Pathology, University of Colorado. Third edition, revised and enlarged. 585 pages, 176 text-illustrations and 13 colored plates. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders Co., 1914. Cloth, $2.50,

net.

This text presents concisely the more important laboratory methods possessing clinical value, and a terse guide to interpretation of results. It is for the student and practician; not for the trained laboratory worker. In methods advocated, those are selected which are least complicated, and speediest. Absolute accuracy has not been aimed at, but simplicity is never forgotten. Possible sources of error in laboratory observations are given special attention. Additions have been made to every chapter, and every section shows careful revision, notably those on sputum, urin, animal parasites, use of the microscope, cerebro-spinal fluid; simplified Volhard method for chlorids in urin; urease methods for urea in urin, blood, and spinal fluid; Rimini-Burham test for formaldehyde in urin; Weisz permanganate test; edestin as control for the glycyl-tryptophan test for gastric cancer; Huntoon's method for spores; Ponder's stain for diphtheria bacilli; and the luetin reaction. There is a new chapter on serodiagnostic methods, including the Abderhalden test for pregnancy; complement fixation tests for syphilis, gonorrhea, tuberculosis, cancer; and the cobra venom test for syphilis.-A. L. R.

HUMAN MOTIVES. By J. J. Putnam, M.D., Professor Emeritus of Diseases of the Nervous System in Harvard University. 198 pages. Publisht by Little, Brown & Co., Boston, Mass. Price, $1.

This is another volume of Mind and Health Series and is a study in the psychology and philosophy of human conduct, based largely on the author's use of the Freudian psychoanalytic method of mental diagnosis. It throws a flood of light on human behavior in general and points out the underlying principles of human actions. It traces out eccentricities and irrationalities of thought and conduct to forgotten experiences of childhood. To us it appears that Dr. Putnam points out the proper way for the development of normal psychology.-J. C. R.

THE PRACTICAL MEDICIN SERIES. Vol. V. PEDIATRICS. By Isaac A. Abt., M.D., Professor of Pediatrics, Northwestern University. ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY. By John Ridlon, A.M., M.D., Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Northwestern University; with the collaboration of Chas. A. Parker, M.D. Under editorial direction of Chas. L. Mix, A.M., M.D. 225 pages, illustrated. Publisht by Year Book Publishers, 327 S. La Salle St., Chicago, Ill. Price, per set (10 vols.), $10; this volume separately, $1.35.

This volume gives a digest of the best literature of the year on pediatrics and orthopedic surgery, including Diseases of the Newborn, Infant Feeding, Mortality, Disorders of Nutrition, GastroIntestinal Diseases, Scarlatina, Measles, Diphtheria, Pertussis, Parotitis, Paratyphoid Fever, Poliomyelitis, Syphilis, Tuberculosis, Diseases of Respiratory Apparatus, Blood, Ductless Glands, Urinary Organs, Nervous System, Skin, Eyes, Bathing, Icterus, Precocious Maturity in Girls, Pott's Disease, Ankylosis of Spine, Arthritis, Scoliosis, Spondylolisthesis, Torticollis, Dislocation, Hip and Foot Deformities, Fractures, Repair of Bone Defects. Altogether it makes a very useful volume for the physician, these being everpresent subjects in medical practise.-J. C. R.

THE MODEL T FORD CAR. Its construction, operation and repair. A complete, practical treatise explaining the operating principles of the Ford automobile. By Victor W. Pagé, M.E. 288 pages, 95 illustrations. Publisht by Norman W. Henley Publishing Co., 132 Nassau St., New York. Price, $1.

All

This is the most complete and practical instruction book ever publisht on the Ford car. parts of the Ford model T car, the kind now being sold, are described and illustrated in a comprehensive manner and nothing is left for the reader to guess at. The construction is fully treated and the operating principles made clear enough for everyone's understanding. Thoro instructions for driving the car under all conditions and for making all possible repairs are given and pictured. The book is written for Ford drivers and owners by a recognized automobile engineering authority. It is worth the price to every owner of a Ford car.-J. C. R.

DIRECTIONS FOR A PRACTICAL COURSE IN CHEMICAL PHYSIOLOGY. By W. Cramer, Ph.D., D.Sc. 2d edition, 102 pages. Publisht by Longmans, Green & Co., London and New York. Price, $1, net.

The author presents the subject matter in the form of laboratory experiments on physiologic chemistry and the deductions therefrom. One hundred and seventy-four experiments are given, together with explanations, directions, formulas, tables, etc. The student is provided with substances familiar to him, such as potato, egg, lard,

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Thus "Talk""' without the medical part may be passed among lay friends, or given to i

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butter, etc. From these he prepares by simple chemical manipulations the proximate principles and their decomposition products and studies their chemical reactions and physical properties. It constitutes a complete laboratory manual. Physicians who may want to study the subject as presented to-day could very easily follow the author's writings. One hundred blank pages supply space for notes.-J. C. R.

MOTHERCRAFT. By Sarah Comstock. 230 pages, 14 illustrations. Publisht by Hearst's International Library Co., 119 W. 40th St., New York City. Price, $1.

The aim of this book is to put into nontechnical English language some of the newest teachings on the subject of care of the pregnant woman and of the newborn and older children. It is full of good advice and will be of incalculable value to all young women who read it. It is a book that will cause many mothers to go to their doctor for advice instead of following old grannies' superstitions. It tells how the inexperienced mother of yesterday can become the expert mother of to-morrow. This is a good step in eugenics.-J. C. R.

SIMPLIFIED INFANT FEEDING. With 75 Illustrative cases. By Roger H. Dennett, B.S., M.D., Adjunct Professor of Diseases of Children in New York Post-Graduate Medical School, etc. 363 pages, 18 illustrations. Publisht by J. B. Lippincott Co., E. Washington Square, Philadelphia. Price, $3.

Extensive experience by the author in teaching physicians the modern advances in infant feeding has shown him the need of a book that will tell the general practician just how to feed the different babies that come in his practise. Dr. Dennett therefore has produced a work to answer that requirement. It is indeed "simplified" infant feeding that is described. This method does away with much of the older plans of percentage feeding, special foods etc. Boiling the milk is shown to be all that is needed to render the protein digestible. The first chapter, containing 21 pages, gives a complete tabular synopsis of the entire text and will be appreciated by the reader. The entire subject of infant feeding in health and disease, in all its ramifications is thoroly covered in this book in a way to suit the needs of the general practician.— J. C. R.

THE TREATMENT OF GONORRhea and ITS COMPLICATIONS IN MEN AND WOMEN. For the General Practician. By William J Robinson, M.D., Chief of the Dept. of Genito-Urinary Diseases and Dermatology, Bronx Hospital, etc. 315 pages, with illustrations. Publisht by Critic and Guide Co., 12 Mt. Morris Park, W., New York City. Price, $2.50.

The author has produced a valuable work, covering the entire field in a manner suitable for the use of the general practician. Many books treating of this subiect go so much into the special technic of a specialist as to be of little use to the physician doing general practise. Dr Robinson has given easy technic that can be used by the general practician without much special apparatus. Therefore it will be of utmost service to the household physician It was for this purpose that the author wrote the book. He has succeeded admirably in his undertaking. Chapters on minor points, urinary antiseptics, astringents, internal remedies, lubricants and formulary add much to the value of the book.-J. C. R.

[THE MEDICAL WORLD

OUR MONTHLY TALK.

Washington's sage advice that we should avoid foreign entanglements has been cited many times since the beginning of the world war, but we have not heeded it. We could have avoided loss of life of our citizens if we had adopted one simple expedient in harmony with Washington's advice. The way to keep out of a fight is to keep away from it. If our government had forbidden our citizens to travel on belligerent ships during this war, except at their own peril, we would not now have strained relations with Germany because of loss of American life in the sea contest between Germany and Great Britain.

This seems only a reasonable and sensible precaution to avoid foreign complications. And, as a precedent, it is said that Great Britain announced during the Russo-Japanese war that it would not be responsible for the safety of its subjects traveling on a ship of either of the belligerent nations.

The theory is, not only that no citizen should be permitted to expose himself to danger, but the much more important principle that no citizen should be permitted unnecessarily to expose his government to the danger of foreign complications.

Yet our citizens have been permitted to recklessly endanger their lives on all sorts of belligerent ships since the beginning of the war, and this is the chief reason why our relations with Germany are strained at the present time. Not only do our citizens travel on belligerent ships, but they are permitted by our government to travel on ammunition carriers, and these Germany naturally regards as floating enemy fortresses.

If we were at war, I think that we would make every endeavor to destroy enemy ammunition ships, and I do not think that we would regard the presence of neutral passengers on such war craft as protection to them.

This view is further favored when we consider that there is no necessity for our passengers to travel on belligerent ships. We have the American line, sailing under the protection of our own flag, and this line could easily carry all our citizens who are traveling between here and Europe during this time of such profound world disturbance; and the American line has announced that it does not carry ammunition. Besides there are several other neutral lines which have thus far carried passengers safelythe Holland-American line and two Scandinavian lines, for example.

And

There is no reason to suspect that Germany wishes to take the lives of American citizens. when we could avoid foreign entanglements by the simple expedient of our government forbidding American citizens to take passage on belligerent ships, or disclaiming responsibility for the safety of American citizens who do so during this world war, it would seem our plain duty to take this simple precaution. Shall we permit a few who are careless (or worse) to drag us into this dreadful conflict? Our every interest and our every prospect for the future cries aloud that we should keep out of it. How can we hope to act in the capacity of mediator in the greatest conflict ever known unless we take reasonable precautions for keeping out of it ourselves?

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