board for careful revision. When revised, they are submitted to the division superintendent, who transmits them to the State Board of Education.

Use of census data.-Used for determining the minimum salary of division superintendent of schools, for the apportionment of school funds, and for aiding in carrying out the provisions of the compulsory school attendance laws.

WASHINGTON

Authorization.-The law prescribes a school census.
Frequency. The law requires a census every year.

Time. The law states that the census is to be taken in May of children in the district as of May 1st.

Age-span. The law specifies the census of all children 5 to 21 years of age. All defective youth between these ages are to be listed separately. In cities of the first and second class, 4-year-old children are also to be enumerated.

Enumerating agency.—It is prescribed by law that the board of direc tors of each school district is responsible for the census.

Regulation and supervision of enumeration.-The law states that the secretary of the board of directors and such helpers as he will designate are responsible for the actual enumeration.

Appointment of enumerators.-By law the enumerators are appointed by the secretary and approved by the board of directors.

Forms.-Forms are furnished by the State department of education. Reports. By law the secretary of the board reports to the county superintendent. The county superintendent in turn makes a report to the county auditor.

Use of census data.-Some of the local schools use the census as a basis for their school attendance work.

WEST VIRGINIA

Authorization.-A State-wide school census is required by law. Frequency. The law prescribes that the census be made in the years 1943, 1944, and each 5 years thereafter.

Time. The law provides that the census shall be taken "as of September first of the year in which taken, . . . during the first week of the school term."

Age-span. The census includes "all youths aged 4 to 20 years, inclusive, . . . or of such age as otherwise may be determined by regulations of the State board of education, and of mentally and physically handi capped persons of all ages."

Enumerating agency. The law provides that "The school census shall be taken by the teachers under direction of the county superin tendent."

Regulations and supervision of enumeration.-The census is taken under direction of the county superintendent and in accordance with regulations of the State board of education." The law also provides that "In order that the record may be currently accurate as possible, and a reliable source of reference throughout the school year, it shall be the duty of each county superintendent of schools to establish and administer through the office of the county director of school attendance a system of cumulative census records prescribed by the State superintendent of schools."

Appointment of enumerators.-"Teachers taking the school census shall be entitled to use school hours not to exceed a total of one school day, and shall be compensated for such time as for time taught."

Forms.-"Forms for taking the school census shall be prescribed by the State superintendent of schools."

Use of census data.-Information from the census, including cumulative census records which are kept current in the office of each county superintendent of schools, is used in carrying out the compulsory school attendance provisions and as a general source of reference for problems that require for their study information on the school population of the State.

WISCONSIN

Authorization.-A school census is required by law.
Frequency. The census is taken annually.

Time. The law specifies that the census be taken as of June 30, except in cities of the first class where the census is reported as of May 30.

Age-span. The law specifies that the enumeration shall include children over the age of 4 and under the age of 20 years.

Enumerating agency.-The law places the responsibility for the enumeration upon the "district clerk."

Regulations and supervision of enumerators. The law specifies that the census be taken during July; that children cared for in any charitable or penal institution of the State be excluded; that the names of parents be listed; and that each clerk of each joint district report separately the children of the district residing in the several municipalities. The district clerk is required to verify the census report.

Appointment of enumerators.-The district clerk is required to make and transmit the census report. However, "The school clerk in any school district may employ some competent person to take such census." Forms. The forms for taking the census are prescribed and furnished by the State superintendent. The census blank requires the name of parents, post-office address, distance from school, the names

of children of census age, the age in year of such child, the date of birth, sex, and whether or not the child has attended school and whether a public or private or parochial school.

The census blank also calls for the designation of each child that is deaf, blind, or crippled.

Reporting. The law prescribes that "Every officer, whose duty is to take the school census (except in cities of the first class), shall make three copies of such census on blanks furnished by the State superintendent, and shall send one to the proper superintendent, before the fifteenth day of July, and at the opening of the school in his district, shall deliver a copy to the teacher or the principal in charge of each schoolhouse in the district."

Use of census data.-The school census is used by teachers to check attendance rolls and as the basis on which State aid is apportioned.

WYOMING

Authorization.-A school census is required by law.

Frequency. The law provides for "an annual census of all school children in the State."

Time. It is provided by law that the enumeration is to be made during the month of April.

Age-span. The age group to be enumerated is fixed by law as between 6 and 21 years.

Enumerating agency. The enumeration is made "the duty of the board of trustees of each school district."

Regulation and supervision of enumerators.-It is prescribed by law that "The State superintendent of public instruction shall, with the advice of the State board of education, provide for taking such annual census and shall prescribe rules and regulations." The law requires that all or a majority of trustees of the school district shall sign a certificate to the effect that the enumeration report has been examined by them and found to be, according to the best judgment and belief of the subscribers, a full, true, and accurate enumeration of all the children of school age in the district.

Appointment of enumerators.-The law authorizes that "the board of trustees of each district shall, if in its judgment it is necessary to do so, have power to employ a suitable person or persons for such time as may be actually necessary to make such enumeration for such district and return the same to said board; such person so employed shall before commencing the making of such enumeration take, subscribe, and file with the district clerk an oath in writing to the effect that he will faithfully, diligently, truly, and to the best of his skill and ability perform his duty as such enumerator." The law makes it a misdemeanor for any trustee or enumerator to "certify to the correctness and truth

fulness of any such enumeration knowing the same to be false, incorrect, and untrue." The law also prescribes that if the board of trustees fails to make their report on time of such school enumeration "it is hereby made the duty of the county superintendent of schools to cause such enumeration to be made" at the expense of the school district.

Forms.-The law provides that the State superintendent of public instruction shall "furnish forms and blanks for the use of county superintendents, district boards, principals, teachers, and all other officials, and shall require all financial accounts and all educational records to be kept and reports made according to these forms and blanks." The law also provides that the enumeration shall be "in such form as may be prescribed by the State superintendent of public instruction, and shall set forth and state the name, age, sex, and residence of each child enumerated."

Reporting.-One copy of the "enumeration shall be filed by the clerk. of the school district . . . and the other shall, by said clerk, be transmitted to the county superintendent of schools of his county on or before. the fourth Monday of May in each year." The law also provides that "It shall be the duty of the county superintendent of schools to compile the said reports of the enumeration of children of school age in the several school districts of his county reported to him as herein before provided and therefrom to ascertain and determine the number of children of school age in his county, and at the time of making his annual report to the State superintendent of public instruction he shall include in such report a statement of the number of children of school age in his county as shown by such enumeration."

Use of census data.-By law the census data are used for the distribution of the State Land Income Fund to the school districts of the State. Locally the census enumeration is used to discover violations of the compulsory school law.

STATE LAWS AND REGULATIONS CONCERNING COMPULSORY EDUCATION

ALABAMA

Appointment of attendance officers.-Attendance officers in accordance with legal regulations are appointed by county and city boards of education The law provides that "the county board of education shall arrange the county, exclusive of cities, into one or more attendance districts, and the board shall appoint an officer for every district created, who shall hold his office at the will of the county board of education, and the board of education of each city having a city board of education shall appoint one or more attendance officers to serve at the pleasure of the appointing board." The law also provides that such boards of education and "Boards of Revenue and courts of county commissioners may jointly employ any person or persons to carry out the provisions of this article and such additional duties as may be assigned them by such boards or governing bodies."

Attendance officers are paid by the employing boards such salaries as may be required to secure efficient services, but the law provides that they shall receive no compensation until they have filed such reports "as are required by the State board of education" and by their employing boards.

Rules and regulations governing the administration of attendance laws. The law provides that the State board of education, upon the recommendation of the State superintendent, shall promulgate rules and regulations which it deems necessary or conclusive to effecting the purposes of the school attendance law. The statute provides that such rules and regulations have the full force and effect of law.

Qualifications of attendance officers.—Attendance officers, in accordance with regulations of the State board of education, are required to be certified by the State department of education. Regulations include: Class B Supervisor's Certificate; Bachelor's degree in a curriculum approved for teachers; 12 semester hours' undergraduate work or 8 hours' graduate credit in approved social work; 3 years' experience in teaching or social work within 5 years preceding date of certificate; or B.S. de