CONTENTS Page Jehn, Hon. Christopher, Assistant Secretary of Defense, Force Management Reno, Lt. Gen. William H., Deputy Chief of Staff Personnel, U.S. Army. Duncan, Stephen M., Assistant Secretary of Defense for Reserve Affairs, accompanied by Lt. Gen. John B. Conaway, ANG, Chief, National Guard Bureau; Maj. Gen. Donald Burdick, ARNGUS, Director, Army National Guard; Maj. Gen. Philip Killey, ANG, Director, Air National Guard; Maj. Gen. William F. Ward, USAR, Chief, Army Reserve; Rear Adm. James E. Taylor, USN, Director, Navy Reserve; Maj. Gen. Hollis E. Davison, USMC, Assistant Deputy Chief of Staff for Manpower and Reserve Affairs, Marine Corps Reserve; Maj. Gen. John J. Closner, USAFR, Chief, Air Force Re- serve; Rear Adm. John N. Faigle, Chief, Office of Readiness and Reserve, Mendez, Enrique, Jr., Assistant Secretary of Defense, Health Affairs Ledford, Lt. Gen. Frank F., Jr., Surgeon General, U.S. Army.. Jehn, Hon. Christopher, Assistant Secretary of Defense, Force Management Duncan, Hon. Stephen M., Assistant Secretary of Defense, Reserve Affairs..... Ensslin, Maj. Gen. Robert F., Jr., President, National Guard Association of the United States, accompanied by Lt. Gen. Lavern Weber, Executive Direc- Page Doyle, Col. Kevin, USMCR, President, Marine Corps Reserve Officers Association.......... Smith, Rear Adm. Lester Robert, USNR (Retired), National President, Naval 768 772 UTILIZATION OF WOMEN IN THE MILITARY SERVICES JUNE 18, 1991 Roth, Hon. William V., a U.S. Senator from the State of Delaware. 803 Jehn, Hon. Christopher, Assistant Secretary of Defense, Force Management and Personnel 804 Vuono, Gen. Carl E., USA, Chief of Staff, U.S. Army 823 Kelso, Adm. Frank B., II, USN, Chief of Naval Operations, U.S. Navy Amico, Jean A., Gunnery Sergeant, Headquarters Company, Headquarters 847 Leifeste, Susan, Staff Sergeant, Motor Sergeant, 82d Airborne, Fort Bragg, 847 Thomas, Gary, Lieutenant Colonel, Infantry Battalion Commander, 101st Airborne, Fort Campbell, Kentucky 160840. Shupp, Michael A., Captain, Company Commander, Company A, 211st Light 848 849 Frey, Richard, Master Chief Electronics Technician, Submarine Specialist, 849 Palmer, Glenn E., Combat Controller, Chief, Standardization Training, Scott 850 Holdener, Brenda Marie, Lieutenant, Helicopter Combat Support Sqaudron 850 Prewitt, Christine, Major, Senior Pilot, Flight Scheduler, Andrews Air Force 850 Costantino, Becky, Chair, Defense Advisory Committee on Women in the 860 Sagawa, Shirley, Senior Counsel/Director of Family and Youth Policy, National Women's Law Center.. 864 Donnelly, Elaine, Executive Director, Coalition for Military Readiness... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION FOR APPROPRIATIONS FOR FISCAL YEARS 1992 AND 1993 WEDNESDAY, APRIL 17, 1991 U.S. SENATE, COMMITTEE ON MANPOWER AND PERSONNEL, COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES, MANPOWER PROGRAMS Washington, DC. The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 9:37 a.m., Hon. John Glenn (chairman of the subcommittee) presiding. Committee members present: Senators Glenn, Kennedy, and McCain. Committee staff members present: Arnold L. Punaro, staff direc tor. Professional staff members present: Frederick F.Y. Pang. Minority staff members present: Romie L. Brownlee, deputy staff director for the minority; George K. Johnson, Jr., and George W. Lauffer, professional staff members. Staff assistants present: Debra A. Rice. Committee members' assistants present: Andrew W. Johnson, assistant to Senator Exon; William J. Lynn, assistant to Senator Kennedy; Phillip P. Upschulte, assistant to Senator Glenn; Anthony H. Cordesman, assistant to Senator McCain; and Thomas L. Lankford, assistant to Senator Smith. OPENING STATEMENT OF SENATOR JOHN GLENN, CHAIRMAN Senator GLENN. Good morning. I apologize for the slight delay here. We have a number of other hearings going on this morning, and the ranking minority member, John McCain, is over at the White House. I understand he will be here shortly. So we will go ahead with the hearing this morning. The Subcommittee on Manpower and Personnel meets this morning to begin a series of five hearings on manpower and health programs associated with the 1992-1993 Defense Authorization Request. Today's hearing will focus on active component personnel programs such as the planned active duty end strength levels of each of the military services, and the recruiting, retention, training, and loss management programs associated with the planned active duty end-strength levels. In order to give as much notice as possible to our subcommittee members and to the Department of Defense, I want to outline the rest of the subcommittee's hearing schedule before we start our hearing today. On April 24, we will have a hearing on the manpower plans for the Reserve and National Guard components, and how these components fit into the Total Force Policy Plan. On May 8, we will have a hearing on medical programs including follow-up on a number of issues addressed last year in the National Defense Authorization Act for 1991. The subcommittee has also reserved May 15 and June 5 as hearing dates to follow up on the first three hearings, and to oversee other personnel utilization, compensation and policy issues relevant to the subcommittee's markup of the fiscal 1992-1993 defense authorization request. To set the context for today's hearing, I want to briefly summarize what we did last year. One of our highest priorities last year, and it will continue to be a high priority this year, was to sustain and, where possible, to enhance the management and combat effectiveness of military personnel as the military services build down. over the next 5 years. With this priority in mind, we authorized an active duty endstrength plan that would allow the military services to gradually phase its reductions at the rate of approximately 100,000 per year to avoid degrading combat readiness. We also provided a safety net of transition benefits to assist military personnel who may be involuntarily separated as a result of these reductions. An important element of the plan was the establishment of active duty end-strength levels for each of the military services for fiscal year 1995, based on the reduced threat and the resultant force structure and mission changes the military services were expected to make over the next 5 years. Now, despite the manpower requirements of the Persian Gulf conflict that have temporarily interrupted the start of the phasedown in active duty strength levels that was to begin this fiscal year, the 1992-1993 defense authorization request indicates that the military services intend to stick to the overall reduction targets for 1995. I will follow up with some questions on this matter to make sure that we clearly understand where each service plans to be in terms of active duty end strength in 1995. With regard to the active duty end-strength levels for fiscal year 1991, we provided authority in the Desert Storm supplemental authorization bill we just passed for the DOD to waive the levels we mandated last year. This authority was provided in recognition of the manpower requirements in the Persian Gulf conflict. I will be interested in hearing from our witnesses on the extent to which they expect to exercise this waiver authority, and the effect of Desert Storm manpower requirements on the active duty end strengths of the 1992-1993 defense authorization request. Before turning to our witnesses, I want to note that we have two new members on our subcommittee this year, Senator Wallop and Senator Smith. I want to welcome them; they are not able to be here this morning because of other committee work. But we certainly do look forward to working with them as we proceed to our work this year. I am very happy that Senator McCain remains the ranking minority member on the subcommittee. Senator McCain, as many of you know, and I have worked very closely together since I became chairman of this committee in 1988, and I certainly value his leadership. I have said many times how we provide for our men and women in uniform and their families is a bipartisan matter. To me, there is not a Democratic agenda nor a Republican agenda as far as I am concerned. And I think the latest proof of this was the comprehensive set of Desert Storm personnel benefits that we recently authorized in the Desert Storm Supplemental Authorization Act. Both Senator McCain and I chaired task forces on our respective sides that resulted in a unanimously supported package of benefits for our men and women in uniform and their families. So I certainly look forward to working with Senator McCain this coming year. I want to welcome our witnesses today. The Honorable Christopher Jehn, Assistant Secretary of Defense, Force Management and Personnel; Lt. Gen. William Reno, U.S. Army, Deputy Chief of Staff Personnel; Vice Adm. Jeremy Boorda, Navy, Chief of Personnel; Lt. Gen. Tom Hickey, Deputy Chief of Staff Personnel, U.S. Air Force; Lt. Gen. Norm Smith, Marine Corps, Deputy Chief of Staff for Manpower and Reserve Affairs. Each of our witnesses has submitted written statements, and without objection they will be included in the record. And I will ask each witness to summarize their written statements. Mr. Jehn, we will start with you. Welcome back here again. STATEMENT OF HON. CHRISTOPHER JEHN, ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE, FORCE MANAGEMENT AND PERSONNEL Mr. JEHN. Thank you very much. It is good to see you again, sir. As you said, I have a lengthy statement that I will not try to summarize right now but just make a few brief comments. We are appearing before this committee today to discuss the President's 1992-1993 budget. And as you said, it is the first of several hearings that we will have on this subject. I would like to note two really important differences between this year's situation and those of previous years. First, as everyone knows, we have just successfully completed a major military operation, a successful campaign against the aggression committed by Saddam Hussein's Iraq. And, but perhaps more important for our long-term defense posture, the 1992-1993 budget that the President has submitted to the Congress for its consideration reflects a significant change in defense strategy. So let me talk about both of those points. First, I think we cannot really talk about the war without noting its enormous success and asking why. To me, first and foremost, the success of that operation is due to the courage and professionalism of all military personnel, from privates all the way up to General Schwarzkopf and his generals and admirals. But I think credit is also due, a lot of credit is due, to those who really made it possible: our predecessors in DOD, Secretary Weinberger, Secretary Carlucci, the leadership offered by President Reagan. But I think also it is appropriate for us to note as well, as you have in your opening remarks, that when it comes to supporting and developing an effective and militarily capable fighting force, the Congress has played an important and essential role. And we |