United States Code

time; that of the second zone shall be known and designated as United States standard central time; that of the third zone shall be known and designated as United States standard mountain time; that of the fourth zone shall be known and designated as United States standard Pacific time; and that of the fifth zone shall be known and designated as United States standard Alaska time. (Mar. 19, 1918, ch. 24, § 4, 40 Stat. 451.)

§ 264. Part of Idaho in third zone.

In the division of territory, and in the definition of the limits of each zone, as provided in sections 261-264 of this title, so much of the State of Idaho as lies south of the Salmon River, traversing the State from east to west near forty-five degrees thirty minutes latitude, shall be embraced in the third zone: Provided, That common carriers within such portion of the State of Idaho may conduct their operations on Pacific time. (Mar. 19, 1918, ch. 24, § 3, as added Mar. 3, 1923, ch. 216, 42 Stat. 1434 and amended June 24, 1948, ch. 631, § 1, 62 Stat. 646.) AMENDMENTS

1948-Act June 24, 1948, amended section by adding proviso reiating to common carriers.

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1948 AMENDMENT Section 2 of act June 24, 1948, provided that: "This Act [act June 24, 1948] shall take effect at 2 o'clock antemeridian of the second Monday following the date of its enactment. [June 24, 1948]."

REPEALS

The original section 3 of act Mar. 19, 1918, ch. 24, 40 Stat. 451, providing for daylight-savings, was repealed by act Aug. 20, 1919, ch. 51, 41 Stat. 280.

§ 265. Transfer of certain territory to standard central-time zone.

The Panhandle and Plains sections of Texas and Oklahoma are transferred to and placed within the United States standard central-time zone.

The Interstate Commerce Commission is authorized and directed to issue an order placing the western boundary line of the United States standard central-time zone insofar as the same affect Texas and Oklahoma as follows:

Beginning at a point where such western boundary time zone line crosses the State boundary line between Kansas and Oklahoma; thence westerly along said State boundary line to the northwest corner of the State of Oklahoma; thence in a southerly direction along the west State boundary line of Oklahoma and the west State boundary line of Texas to the southeastern corner of the State of New Mexico; thence in a westerly direction along the State boundary line between the States of Texas and New Mexico to the Rio Grande River; thence down the Rio Grande River as the boundary line between the United States and Mexico: Provided, That the Chicago, Rock Island and Gulf Railway Company and the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway Company may use Tucumcari, New Mexico, as the point at which they change from central to mountain time and vice versa; the Colorado Southern 24626-53-vol. 2—16

and Fort Worth and Denver City Railway Companies may use Sixela, New Mexico, as such changing point; the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Company and other branches of the Santa Fe system may use Clovis, New Mexico, as such changing point, and those railways running into or through El Paso may use El Paso as such point: Provided further, That this section shall not, except as herein provided, interfere with the adjustment of time zones as established by the Interstate Commerce Commission. (Mar. 4, 1921, ch. 173, § 1, 41 Stat. 1446.)

Act Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, § 1, 37 Stat. 736, created the "Department of Labor" and renamed the "Department of Commerce and Labor" the "Department of Commerce". TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

The functions of all other officers of the Department of Commerce and the functions of all agencies and employees of such Department were, with a few exceptions, transferred to the Secretary of Commerce, with power vested in him to authorize their performance or the performance of any of his functions by any of such officers, agencies, and employees, by 1950 Reorg. Plan No. 5, §§ 1, 2, eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F. R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263, set out in note under section 591 of Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

Act Feb. 14, 1903, ch. 552, § 4, 32 Stat. 826, transferred the National Bureau of Standards from the Department of the Treasury to the Department of Commerce and Labor.

Functions of the National Bureau of Standards under this section which were performed by the Division of Commercial Standards and the Division of Simplified Trade and Practice were transferred to the Secretary of Commerce to be performed, subject to his direction and control by such offices and agencies of the Department of Commerce as he may designate, by 1946 Reorg. Plan No. 3, § 601, eff. July 16, 1946, 11 F. R. 7877, 60 Stat. 1100, set out in note under section 133y-16 of Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

CROSS REFERENCES Department of Commerce as having jurisdiction and supervision over the National Bureau of Standards, see section 597 of Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

§ 272. Functions of Secretary.

The Secretary of Commerce (hereinafter referred to as the "Secretary") is authorized to undertake the following functions:

(a) The custody, maintenance, and development of the national standards of measurement, and the provision of means and methods for making measurements consistent with those standards, including the comparison of standards used in scientific investigations, engineering, manufacturing, commerce, and educational institutions with the standards adopted or recognized by the Government.

(b) The determination of physical constants and properties of materials when such data are of great importance to scientific or manufacturing interests and are not to be obtained of sufficient accuracy elsewhere.

(c) The development of methods for testing materials, mechanisms, and structures, and the testing of materials, supplies, and equipment, including items purchased for use of Government departments and independent establishments.

(d) Cooperation with other governmental agencies and with private organizations in the establishment of standard practices, incorporated in codes and specifications.

(e) Advisory service to Government agencies on scientific and technical problems.

(f) Invention and development of devices to serve special needs of the Government.

In carrying out the functions enumerated in this section, the Secretary is authorized to undertake the following activities and similar ones for which need may arise in the operations of Government agencies, scientific institutions, and industrial enterprises:

(1) the construction of physical standards; (2) the testing, calibration, and certification of standards and standard measuring apparatus;

(3) the study and improvement of instruments and methods of measurements;

(4) the investigation and testing of railroad track scales, elevator scales, and other scales used in weighing commodities for interstate shipment;

(5) cooperation with the States in securing uniformity in weights and measures laws and methods of inspection;

(6) the preparation and distribution of standard samples such as those used in checking chemical analyses, temperature, color, viscosity, heat of combustion, and other basic properties of materials; also the preparation and sale or other distribution of standard instruments, apparatus and materials for calibration of measuring equipment;

(7) the development of methods of chemical analysis and synthesis of materials, and the investigation of the properties of rare substances;

(8) the study of methods of producing and of measuring high and low temperatures; and the behavior of materials at high and at low temperatures;

(9) the investigation of radiation, radioact substances, and X-rays, their uses, and means protection of persons from their harmful effects;

(10) the study of the atomic and molecular str ture of the chemical elements, with particular re ence to the characteristics of the spectra emit the use of spectral observations in determir. chemical composition of materials, and the rela of molecular structure to the practical useful: of materials;

(11) the broadcasting of radio signals of stan frequency;

(12) the investigation of the conditions w affect the transmission of radio waves from 1 source to a receiver;

(13) the compilation and distribution of infor tion on such transmission of radio waves as a for choice of frequencies to be used in radio o tions;

(14) the study of new technical processes methods of fabrication of materials in which Government has a special interest; also the stu methods of measurement and technical pro used in the manufacture of optical glass and po brick, tile, terra cotta, and other clay products

(15) the determination of properties of bu materials and structural elements, and encoL ment of their standardization and most effecti including investigation of fire-resisting proper building materials and conditions under whic. may be most efficiently used, and the standa tion of types of appliances for fire prevention;

(16) metallurgical research, including sti alloy steels and light metal alloys; investiga foundry practice, casting, rolling, and forging vention of corrosion of metals and alloys; be of bearing metals; and development of sta for metals and sands;

(17) the operation of a laboratory of mathematics;

(18) the prosecution of such research in en ing, mathematics, and the physical sciences be necessary to obtain basic data pertinent functions specified herein; and

(19) the compilation and publication of scientific and technical data resulting from 1 formance of the functions specified herein other sources when such data are of impor scientific or manufacturing interests or to 1 eral public, and are not available elsewhere ing demonstration of the results of the : work by exhibits or otherwise as may be deen effective. (Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, § 2, 31 St July 22, 1950, ch. 486, § 1, 64 Stat. 371.)

of any of his functions by any of such officers, agencies, and employees, by 1950 Reorg. Plan No. 5, §§ 1, 2, eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F. R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263, set out in note under section 591 of Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

CONSTRUCTION OF RADIO LABORATORY BUILDING

Act Oct. 25, 1949, ch. 703, 63 Stat. 886, provided for the construction and equipment of a suitable radio laboratory building, together with necessary utilities and appurtenances thereto, under a limit of cost of $4,475,000, for the National Bureau of Standards.

CONSTRUCTION OF A GUIDED-MISSILE RESEARCH LABORATORY

Act Oct. 25, 1949, ch. 728, 63 Stat. 905 provided for the construction and equipment of a research laboratory building, suitable for use as a guided-missile laboratory, together with necessary utilities and appurtenances thereto, under a limit of cost of $1,900,000, for the National Bureau of Standards.

§ 273. Functions; for whom exercised.

The bureau shall exercise its functions for the Government of the United States; for any State or municipal government within the United States; or for any scientific society, educational institution, firm, corporation, or individual within the United States engaged in manufacturing or other pursuits requiring the use of standards or standard measuring instruments. All requests for the services of the bureau shall be made in accordance with the rules and regulations established in sections 276 and 277 of this title. (Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, § 3, 31 Stat. 1449.)

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

§ 274. Director; powers and duties; report.

The director shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. He shall have the general supervision of the bureau, its equipment, and the exercise of its functions. He shall make an annual report to the Secretary of Commerce, including an abstract of the work done during the year and a financial statement. He may issue, when necessary, bulletins for public distribution, containing such information as may be of value to the public or facilitate the bureau in the exercise of its functions. (Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, § 5, 31 Stat. 1449; Feb. 14, 1903, ch. 552, § 10, 32 Stat. 829; Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, § 1, 37 Stat. 736.)

CHANGE OF NAME

Act Mar. 4, 1913, substituted "Secretary of Commerce" in lieu of "Secretary of Commerce and Labor".

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

out in note under section 591 of Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

Act Feb. 14, 1903, transferred power and authority of Secretary of Treasury over Bureau of Standards to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor.

§ 275. Appointment of officers and employees.

The officers and employees of the bureau, except the director, shall be appointed by the Secretary of Commerce at such time as their respective services may become necessary. (Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, § 6, 31 Stat. 1450; Feb. 14, 1903, ch. 552, § 10, 32 Stat. 829; Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, § 1, 37 Stat. 736.)

CHANGE OF NAME

Act Mar. 4, 1913, substituted "Secretary of Commerce" in lieu of "Secretary of Commerce and Labor".

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

Act Feb. 14, 1903, transferred power and authority of Secretary of Treasury over Bureau of Standards to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor.

§ 276. Fees.

For all comparisons, calibrations, tests, or investigations, performed by the National Bureau of Standards under sections 271-278c of this title, as amended and supplemented, except those performed for the Government of the United States or State governments within the United States, a fee sufficient in each case to compensate the National Bureau of Standards for the entire cost of the services rendered shall be charged, according to a schedule prepared by the Director of the National Bureau of Standards and approved by the Secretary of Commerce. All moneys received from such sources shall be paid into the Treasury to the credit of miscellaneous receipts. (Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, § 8, 31 Stat. 1450; Feb. 14, 1903, ch. 552, § 10, 32 Stat. 829; Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, § 1, 37 Stat. 736; June 30, 1932, ch. 314, § 312, 47 Stat. 410.)

CHANGE OF NAME

Act Mar. 4, 1913, substituted "Secretary of Commerce" in lieu of "Secretary of Commerce and Labor".

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

Act Feb. 14, 1903, transferred power and authority of Secretary of Treasury over Bureau of Standards to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor.

§ 277. Regulations.

The Secretary of Commerce shall, from time to time, make regulations regarding the payment of fees, the limits of tolerance to be attained in stand

ards submitted for verification, the sealing of standards, the disbursement and receipt of moneys, and such other matters as he may deem necessary for carrying into effect sections 271-278c of this title. (Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, § 9, 31 Stat. 1450; Feb. 14, 1903, ch. 552, § 10, 32 Stat. 829; Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, § 1, 37 Stat. 736.)

CHANGE OF NAME

Act Mar. 4, 1913, substituted "Secretary of Commerce" in lieu of "Secretary of Commerce and Labor".

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

Act Feb. 14, 1903, transferred power and authority of Secretary of Treasury over Bureau of Standards to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor.

§ 278. Visiting committee.

There shall be a visiting committee of five members to be appointed by the Secretary of Commerce, to consist of men prominent in the various interests involved, and not in the employ of the Government. This committee shall visit the bureau at least once a year, and report to the Secretary of Commerce upon the efficiency of its scientific work and the condition of its equipment. The members of this committee shall serve without compensation, but shall be paid the actual expenses incurred in attending its meetings. The period of service of the members of the committee shall be so arranged that one member shall retire each year, and the appointments to be for a period of five years. Appointments made to fill vacancies occurring other than in the regular manner are to be made for the remainder of the period in which the vacancy exists. (Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, § 10, 31 Stat. 1450; Feb. 14, 1903, ch. 552, § 10, 32 Stat. 829; Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, § 1, 37 Stat. 736.)

CHANGE OF NAME

Act Mar. 4, 1913, substituted "Secretary of Commerce" in lieu of "Secretary of Commerce and Labor".

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

Act Feb. 14, 1903, transferred power and authority of Secretary of Treasury over Bureau of Standards to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor.

§ 278a. Reimbursement from other Government agencies for services rendered.

For all services rendered for other Government. agencies by the Secretary in the performance of functions specified in sections 271-278c of this title, the Department of Commerce may be reimbursed in accordance with section 686 of Title 31. (Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, § 11, as added July 22, 1950, ch. 486, § 2, 64 Stat. 371.)

§ 278b. Ownership of equipment transferred to carry out investigations.

In the absence of specific agreement to the contrary, equipment purchased by the Department of

Commerce from transferred or advanced funds in order to carry out an investigation authorized in sections 271-278c of this title for another Government agency shall become the property of the Department of Commerce for use in subsequent investigations. (Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, § 12, as added July 22, 1950, ch. 486, § 2, 64 Stat. 371.)

§ 278c. Acceptance of gifts and bequests.

(a) The Secretary of Commerce is authorized to accept and utilize gifts or bequests of real or personal property for the purpose of aiding and facilitating the work authorized in sections 271-278c of this title.

(b) For the purpose of Federal income, estate, and gift taxes, gifts and bequests accepted by the Secretary of Commerce under the authority of sections 271-278c of this title shall be deemed to be gifts and bequests to or for the use of the United States. (Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 872, § 13, as added July 22, 1950, ch. 486, § 2, 64 Stat. 371.)

§ 279. Absence of Director.

In the case of the absence of the Director of the Bureau of Standards the Secretary of Commerce may designate some officer of said bureau to perform the duties of the director during his absence. (Mar. 4, 1911, ch. 237, § 1, 36 Stat. 1231; Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, § 1, 37 Stat. 736.)

CHANGE OF NAME

Act Mar. 4, 1913, substituted "Secretary of Commerce" in lieu of "Secretary of Commerce and Labor".

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

Act Feb. 14, 1903, transferred power and authority of Secretary of Treasury over Bureau of Standards to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor.

§ 280. Apprentices; promotion.

Apprentices in the Bureau of Standards may be promoted after satisfactory apprenticeship, with the approval of the Civil Service Commission, to positions corresponding to the journeyman grades for which their duties logically prepare them, without regard to apportionment: Provided, That they thus acquire no rights to transfer to other lines of work. (July 16, 1914, ch. 141, § 1, 38 Stat. 502.)

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

Act Feb. 14, 1903, transferred power and authority of Secretary of Treasury over Bureau of Standards to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor.

CROSS REFERENCES

Classification of civilian positions, see chapter 21 of Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

§ 281. Testing materials for District of Columbia.

Materials for fireproof buildings, other structural materials, and all materials, other than materials for paving and for fuel, purchased for and to be used by the government of the District of Columbia, when necessary in the judgment of the commissioners to be tested, shall be tested by the Bureau of Standards under the same conditions as similar testing is required to be done for the United States Government. (Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 150, 37 Stat. 945.)

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

The functions of all other officers of the Department of Commerce and the functions of all agencies and employees of such Department were, with a few exceptions, transferred to the Secretary fo Commerce, with power vested in him to authorize their performance or the performance of any of his functions by any of such officers, agencies, and employees, by 1950 Reorg. Plan No. 5, §§ 1, 2, eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F. R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263,' set out in note under section 591 of Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

§ 282. National hydraulic laboratory; establishment; purpose; study of Federal and State projects. There is authorized to be established in the Bureau of Standards of the Department of Commerce a national hydraulic laboratory for the determination of fundamental data useful in hydraulic research and engineering, including laboratory research relating to the behavior and control of river and harbor waters, the study of hydraulic structures and water flow, and the development and testing of hydraulic instruments and accessories: Provided, That no test, study, or other work on a problem or problems connected with a project the prosecution of which is under the jurisdiction of any department or independent agency of the Government shall be undertaken in the laboratory herein authorized until a written request to do such work is submitted to the Director of the Bureau of Standards by the head of the department or independent agency charged with the execution of such project: And provided further, That any State or political subdivision thereof may obtain a test, study, or other work on a problem connected with a project the prosecution of which is under the jurisdiction of such State or political subdivision thereof. (May 14, 1930, ch. 275, § 1, 46 Stat. 327.)

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

The functions of all other officers of the Department of Commerce and the functions of all agencies and employees of such Department were, with a few exceptions, transferred to the Secretary of Commerce, with power vested in him to authorize their performance or the performance of any of his functions by any of such officers, agencies, and employees, by 1950 l.eorg. Plan No. 5, §§ 1, 2, eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F. R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263, set out in note under section 591 of Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

§§ 283, 284. Omitted.

CODIFICATION

Section 283, act Sept. 6, 1950, ch. 896, ch. III, title III, § 301, 64 Stat. 628, which related to appointment of personnel observing radio propagation phenomena in the Arctic region, was from the Department of Commerce Appropriation Act, 1951, and has not been repeated in subsequent appropriation acts.

Section 284, act Oct. 22, 1951, ch. 533, title III, § 301, 65 Stat. 593, which related to transfer of materials, etc., to Bureau of ionosphere observation by Departments of the Army, Navy, and Air Force, was from the Department of Commerce Appropriation Act, 1952, and has not been repeated in subsequent appropriation acts.

SIMILAR PROVISIONS

Similar provisions were contained in following appropriation acts:

1950-Sept. 6, 1950, ch. 896, ch. III, title III, § 301, 64 Stat. 628.

1949-July 20, 1949, ch. 354, title III, § 301, 63 Stat. 468.

§ 285. Availability of funds; functions and activities.

Funds now or hereafter appropriated to the National Bureau of Standards shall be available for the following activities: (a) The purchase, repair, and cleaning of uniforms for guards; (b) the repair and alteration of buildings, and other plant facilities; (c) the rental of laboratory and office space in the District of Columbia and in the field; (d) the purchase of reprints from trade journals or other periodicals of articles prepared officially by Government employees; (e) the furnishing of food and shelter without repayment therefor to employees of the Government at Arctic stations; and (f) in the conduct of observations on radio propagation phenomena in the Arctic region, the appointment of employees at base rates established by the Secretary of Commerce which shall not exceed such maximum rates as may be specified from time to time in the appropriation concerned, and without regard to the civil service and classification laws and sections 911913, 921, and 922 of Title 5. (July 21, 1950, ch. 485, § 1, 64 Stat. 370.)

REFERENCES IN TEXT

The civil service and classification laws, referred to in the text, are classified to chapters 12 and 21, respectively, of Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees.

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

§ 286. Same; construction and improvement of buildings and facilities.

Within the limits of funds which may be appropriated therefor, the Secretary of Commerce is authorized to make improvements to existing build

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United States Code, Volume 2