Government of the United States of America to the Government of the United Mexican States. The ratification by the Government of the United Mexican States of the treaty and protocol aforesaid is effected, in the terms of its instrument of ratification, in conformity to the Decree of September 27, 1945 of the Senate of the United Mexican States approving the treaty and protocol aforesaid and approving also the aforesaid understandings on the part of the United States of America in all that refers to the rights and obligations between both parties, and in which the Mexican Senate refrains from considering, because it is not competent to pass judgment upon them, the provisions which relate exclusively to the internal application of the treaty within the United States of America and by its own authorities, and which are included in the understandings set forth under the letter (a) in the first part to the period preceding the words 'It is understood' and under the letters (b) and (c)."

Now, therefore, it it known that I, Harry S. Truman, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim and make public the said treaty and the said protocol supplementary thereto, to the end that the same and every article and clause thereof may be observed and fulfilled with good faith, on and from the eighth day of November, one thousand nine hundred forty-five, by the United States of America and by the citizens of the United States of America and all other persons subject to the jurisdiction thereof.

IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the Seal of the United States of America to be affixed.

DONE at the city of Washington this twenty-seventh day of November in the year of our Lord one thousand nine hundred [SEAL] forty-five and of the Independence of the United States of America the one hundred seventieth.

HARRY S. TRUMAN.

By the President:

JAMES F. BYRNES,

Secretary of State.

Agreement Between Canada and the United States of America

on Great Lakes Water Quality

(March 17, 1972, Revised April 5, 1972)

The Government of the United States of America and the Government of Canada,

Determined to restore and enhance water quality in the Great Lakes System;

Seriously concerned about the grave deterioration of water quality on each side of the boundary to an extent that is causing injury to health and property on the other side, as described in the 1970 report of the International Joint Commission on Pollution of Lake Erie, Lake Ontario and the International Section of the St. Lawrence River:

Intent upon preventing further pollution of the Great Lakes System owing to continuing population growth, resource development and increasing use of water;

Reaffirming in a spirit of friendship and cooperation the rights and obligations of both countries under the Boundary Waters Treaty signed on January 11, 1909, and in particular their obligation not to pollute boundary waters;

Recognizing the rights of each country in the use of its Great Lakes waters;

Satisfied that the 1970 report of the International Joint Commission provides a sound basis for new and more effective cooperative actions to restore and enhance water quality in the Great Lakes System;

Convinced that the best means to achieve improved water quality in the Great Lakes System is through the adoption of common objectives, the development and implementation of cooperative programs and other measures, and the assignment of special responsibilities and functions to the International Joint Commission;

Have agreed as follows:

ARTICLE I-DEFINITIONS

As used in this Agreement:

(a) "Boundary waters of the Great Lakes System" or "boundary waters" means boundary waters, as defined in the Boundary Waters Treaty, that are within the Great Lakes System;

(b) "Boundary Waters Treaty" means the Treaty between the United States and Great Britain Relating to Boundary Waters, and Questions Arising Between the United States and Canada, signed at Washington on January 11, 1909;

(c) "Compatible regulations" means regulations no less restrictive than agreed principles;

(d) "Great Lakes System" means all of the streams, rivers, lakes and other bodies of water that are within the drainage basin of the St. Lawrence River at or upstream from the point at which this river becomes the international boundary between Canada and the United States;

(e) "Harmful quantity" means any quantity of a substance that if discharged into receiving waters would be inconsistent with the achievement of the water quality objectives;

(f) "Hazardous polluting substance" means any element or compound identified by the Parties which, when discharged in any quantity into or upon receiving waters or adjoining shorelines, presents an imminent and substantial danger to public health or welfare; for this purpose, "public health or welfare" encompasses all factors affecting the health and welfare of man including but not limited to human health, and the conservation and protection of fish, shellfish, wildlife, public and private property, shorelines and beaches;

(g) "International Joint Commission" or "Commission" means the International Joint Commission established by the Boundary Waters Treaty;

(h) "Phosphorus" means the element phosphorus present as a constituent of various organic and inorganic complexes and compounds;

(i) "Specific water quality objective" means the level of a substance or physical effect that the Parties agree, after investigation, to recognize as a maximum or minimum desired limit for a defined body of water or portion thereof, taking into account the beneficial uses of the water that the Parties desire to secure and protect;

(j) "State and Provincial Governments" means the Governments of the States of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin, and the Government of the Province of Ontario;

(k) "Tributary waters of the Great Lakes System" or "tributary waters" means all the waters of the Great Lakes System that are not boundary waters;

(1) "Water quality objectives" means the general water quality objectives adopted pursuant to Article II of this Agreement and the specific water quality objectives adopted pursuant to Article III of this Agreement.

ARTICLE II-GENERAL WATER QUALITY OBJECTIVES

The following general water quality objectives for the boundary waters of the Great Lakes System are adopted. These waters should be:

(a) Free from substances that enter the waters as a result of human activity and that will settle to form putrescent or otherwise objectionable sludge deposits, or that will adversely affect aquatic life or waterfowl;

(b) Free from floating debris, oil, scum and other floating materials entering the waters as a result of human activity in amounts sufficient to be unsightly or deleterious;

(c) Free from materials entering the waters as a result of human activity producing color, odor or other conditions in such a degree as to create a nuisance;

(d) Free from substances entering the waters as a result of human activity in concentrations that are toxic or harmful to human, animal or aquatic life;

(e) Free from nutrients entering the waters as a result of human activity in concentrations that create nuisance growths of aquatic weeds and algae.

ARTICLE III-SPECIFIC WATER QUALITY OBJECTIVES

1. The specific water quality objectives for the boundary waters of the Great Lakes System set forth in Annex 1 are adopted.

2. The specific water quality objectives may be modified and additional specific water quality objectives for the boundary waters of the Great Lakes System or for particular sections thereof may be adopted by the parties in accordance with the provisions of Articles IX and XII of this Agreement.

3. The specific water quality objectives adopted pursuant to this Article represent the minimum desired levels of water quality in the boundary waters of the Great Lakes System and are not intended to preclude the establishment of more stringent requirements.

4. Notwithstanding the adoption of specific water quality objectives, all reasonable and practicable measures shall be taken to maintain the levels of water quality existing at the date of entry into force of this Agreement in those areas of the boundary waters of the Great Lakes System where such levels exceed the specific water quality objectives.

ARTICLE IV-STANDARDS AND OTHER REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

Water quality standards and other regulatory requirements of the Parties shall be consistent with the achievement of the water quality objectives. The Parties shall use their best efforts to ensure that water quality standards and other regulatory requirements of the State and Provincial Governments shall similarly be consistent with the achievement of the water quality objectives.

ARTICLE V-PROGRAMS AND OTHER MEASURES

1. Programs and other measures directed toward the achievement of the water quality objectives shall be developed and implemented as soon as practicable in accordance with legislation in the two countries. Unless otherwise agreed, such programs and other measures shall be either completed or in process of implementation by December 31, 1975. They shall include the following:

(a) Pollution from Municipal Sources.-Programs for the abatement and control of discharges of municipal sewage into the Great Lakes System including:

(i) construction and operation in all municipalities having sewer systems or waste treatment facilities providing levels of treatment consistent with the achievement of the water quality objectives, taking into account the effects of waste from other

sources;

(ii) provision of financial resources to assist prompt construction of needed facilities;

(iii) establishment of requirements for construction and operating standards for facilities;