Toward an Environmental Strategy for Asia, Parts 63-224World Bank Publications, 1993 M01 1 - 210 pages World Bank Discussion Paper No. 224. All of the World Bank's priorities for environmental aid to Asia are described in this comprehensive manual. Also featured is a framework to improve the region's environmental management and achieve sustainable |
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Page 6
... estimates that developing countries need to expend 2 to 3 percent of gross domestic product ( GDP ) per year to achieve greater sustainability . In Asia this trans- lates into about $ 38 billion per year by 2000 , two- thirds of which ...
... estimates that developing countries need to expend 2 to 3 percent of gross domestic product ( GDP ) per year to achieve greater sustainability . In Asia this trans- lates into about $ 38 billion per year by 2000 , two- thirds of which ...
Page 8
... estimates show that the environmental costs of air and water pollution in Jakarta and Bangkok exceed $ 1 billion and $ 2 billion per year , respec- tively . Costs in Asia's other large cities are com- parable . Furthermore , these costs ...
... estimates show that the environmental costs of air and water pollution in Jakarta and Bangkok exceed $ 1 billion and $ 2 billion per year , respec- tively . Costs in Asia's other large cities are com- parable . Furthermore , these costs ...
Page 10
... estimates are not based on direct measures of Asian pollu- tion but are estimates derived from applying U.S. pollution coefficients to Asian industrial produc- tion data . ) The public health impacts of these pol- lutants are compounded ...
... estimates are not based on direct measures of Asian pollu- tion but are estimates derived from applying U.S. pollution coefficients to Asian industrial produc- tion data . ) The public health impacts of these pol- lutants are compounded ...
Page 14
... estimated , particularly in comparison with other sectors . Real or impending water crisis areas should also receive priority World Bank attention . The examples are well known . China has long discussed a major transfer scheme between ...
... estimated , particularly in comparison with other sectors . Real or impending water crisis areas should also receive priority World Bank attention . The examples are well known . China has long discussed a major transfer scheme between ...
Page 15
... estimates probably under- state the eventual size , since the program will be partly based on analytical work now being done . Two - thirds of the Bank's Asian environmental lending will occur in East Asia . There , the level of lending ...
... estimates probably under- state the eventual size , since the program will be partly based on analytical work now being done . Two - thirds of the Bank's Asian environmental lending will occur in East Asia . There , the level of lending ...
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achieved agencies agriculture air pollution approaches areas Asia Region Asia's Asian cities Asian countries Bangladesh Bank's Beijing Bhutan biodiversity capacity China coal components conservation costs deforestation degradation demand donors East Asia economic emissions energy efficiency energy sector enforcement Environment environmental impacts environmental lending environmental management environmental problems erosion estimated fiscal forest forestry fuel groundwater growth implementation improved incentives increased India Indonesia indus industrial pollution infrastructure institutional investment irrigation issues Jakarta Korea levels Malaysia marginal lands ment monitoring Myanmar NEAP Nepal OECF Pakistan Papua New Guinea percent Philippines planning plants policy reform pollution control population pricing priorities private sector production programs projects reduce river ronmental rural sanitation social soil solid waste Source South Asia Sri Lanka standards strategy strengthening subsidies sustainable technical technologies Thailand tion toxic urban environmental vehicle vetiver water pollution water resource management water supply World Bank
Popular passages
Page 181 - ... the Board on Science and Technology for International Development of the National Research Council.
Page 67 - Proprietary process 80% of sludge 2.5 years Automotive manufacture Pneumatic cleaning process replaced caustic process 100% of sludge 2 years Micro-electronics Vibratory cleaning replaced caustic process 100% of sludge 3 years Organic chemicals production Absorption, scrap condenser, conservation vent, floating roof 95% of cumene 1 month Photographic film processing Electrolytic recovery ion exchange 85% of developer; 95% of fixer, silver and solvent < 1 year...
Page 177 - Global CO2 Emission Reductions — The Impacts of Rising Energy Costs", The Energy Journal, Vol.
Page 179 - The Industrial Pollution Projection System: Concept, Initial Development, and Critical Assessment,
Page 19 - Economic and population growth has led to severe negative impacts on the Asian environment. Pressure on the region's resources is intense and growing. There are serious problems in the areas of urban environmental degradation, industrial pollution, atmospheric emissions, soil erosion and land degradation, degradation of water resources, deforestation, and loss of natural habitat.
Page 1 - GDP Gross Domestic Product GEF Global Environment Facility GHG greenhouse gas...
Page 3 - Pressure on the region's resources is intense and growing. There are serious problems in the areas of urban environmental degradation, industrial pollution, atmospheric emissions, soil erosion and land degradation, degradation of water resources, deforestation, and loss of natural habitat. Questions about the sustainability of current economic growth are more than an abstraction concerning limits to growth.
Page 67 - Industry Method % Reduction of wastes Payback Pharmaceutical production Water-based solvent replaced organic solvent 100% < 1 year Equipment manufacture Ultrafiltration 100% of solvent and oil, 98% of paint 2 years Farm equipment manufacture Proprietary process 80% of sludge 2.5 yrs.
Page 176 - The relative cost effectiveness of various measures to ameliorate global warming', Energy Policy, Vol 18, No 6, 1990, pp 563-571.
Page 24 - The economies of scale in large cities generate goods and services far in excess of their share of the total population.