Toward an Environmental Strategy for Asia, Parts 63-224World Bank Publications, 1993 M01 1 - 210 pages World Bank Discussion Paper No. 224. All of the World Bank's priorities for environmental aid to Asia are described in this comprehensive manual. Also featured is a framework to improve the region's environmental management and achieve sustainable |
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... Causes of Environmental Degradation 27 2 A FRAMEWORK FOR IMPROVING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 33 Actions Required 33 " Top - Down " Versus " Bottom - Up " 41 Economic and Social Impacts of Improved Environmental Management 3 URBAN ...
... Causes of Environmental Degradation 27 2 A FRAMEWORK FOR IMPROVING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 33 Actions Required 33 " Top - Down " Versus " Bottom - Up " 41 Economic and Social Impacts of Improved Environmental Management 3 URBAN ...
Page 3
... cause is rapid urbanization and indus- trialization , which impose complex demands on the assimilative capacity of the environment , as well as on human and institutional abilities to respond . A fourth cause is the common perception ( ...
... cause is rapid urbanization and indus- trialization , which impose complex demands on the assimilative capacity of the environment , as well as on human and institutional abilities to respond . A fourth cause is the common perception ( ...
Page 4
... causes of the degradation vary little . The causes can be traced to both market failures ( such as lack of information , price externalities , public goods and free riders , and inadequate property rights ) and policy failures ...
... causes of the degradation vary little . The causes can be traced to both market failures ( such as lack of information , price externalities , public goods and free riders , and inadequate property rights ) and policy failures ...
Page 8
... caused by high population densities , rising urban income and consumption levels , and large industrial ... cause of air pollution in most tropical and subtropical Asian cities . Vehicle populations are doubling every seven ...
... caused by high population densities , rising urban income and consumption levels , and large industrial ... cause of air pollution in most tropical and subtropical Asian cities . Vehicle populations are doubling every seven ...
Page 11
... caused by the burning of fossil fuels . Energy use in Asia is heavily dominated by China and India . China alone consumes 55 percent of all energy in Asia , and India another 20 percent . Coal accounts for 92 percent of energy reserves ...
... caused by the burning of fossil fuels . Energy use in Asia is heavily dominated by China and India . China alone consumes 55 percent of all energy in Asia , and India another 20 percent . Coal accounts for 92 percent of energy reserves ...
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achieved agencies agriculture air pollution approaches areas Asia Region Asia's Asian cities Asian countries Bangladesh Bank's Beijing Bhutan biodiversity capacity China coal components conservation costs deforestation degradation demand donors East Asia economic emissions energy efficiency energy sector enforcement Environment environmental impacts environmental lending environmental management environmental problems erosion estimated fiscal forest forestry fuel groundwater growth implementation improved incentives increased India Indonesia indus industrial pollution infrastructure institutional investment irrigation issues Jakarta Korea levels Malaysia marginal lands ment monitoring Myanmar NEAP Nepal OECF Pakistan Papua New Guinea percent Philippines planning plants policy reform pollution control population pricing priorities private sector production programs projects reduce river ronmental rural sanitation social soil solid waste Source South Asia Sri Lanka standards strategy strengthening subsidies sustainable technical technologies Thailand tion toxic urban environmental vehicle vetiver water pollution water resource management water supply World Bank
Popular passages
Page 181 - ... the Board on Science and Technology for International Development of the National Research Council.
Page 67 - Proprietary process 80% of sludge 2.5 years Automotive manufacture Pneumatic cleaning process replaced caustic process 100% of sludge 2 years Micro-electronics Vibratory cleaning replaced caustic process 100% of sludge 3 years Organic chemicals production Absorption, scrap condenser, conservation vent, floating roof 95% of cumene 1 month Photographic film processing Electrolytic recovery ion exchange 85% of developer; 95% of fixer, silver and solvent < 1 year...
Page 177 - Global CO2 Emission Reductions — The Impacts of Rising Energy Costs", The Energy Journal, Vol.
Page 179 - The Industrial Pollution Projection System: Concept, Initial Development, and Critical Assessment,
Page 19 - Economic and population growth has led to severe negative impacts on the Asian environment. Pressure on the region's resources is intense and growing. There are serious problems in the areas of urban environmental degradation, industrial pollution, atmospheric emissions, soil erosion and land degradation, degradation of water resources, deforestation, and loss of natural habitat.
Page 1 - GDP Gross Domestic Product GEF Global Environment Facility GHG greenhouse gas...
Page 3 - Pressure on the region's resources is intense and growing. There are serious problems in the areas of urban environmental degradation, industrial pollution, atmospheric emissions, soil erosion and land degradation, degradation of water resources, deforestation, and loss of natural habitat. Questions about the sustainability of current economic growth are more than an abstraction concerning limits to growth.
Page 67 - Industry Method % Reduction of wastes Payback Pharmaceutical production Water-based solvent replaced organic solvent 100% < 1 year Equipment manufacture Ultrafiltration 100% of solvent and oil, 98% of paint 2 years Farm equipment manufacture Proprietary process 80% of sludge 2.5 yrs.
Page 176 - The relative cost effectiveness of various measures to ameliorate global warming', Energy Policy, Vol 18, No 6, 1990, pp 563-571.
Page 24 - The economies of scale in large cities generate goods and services far in excess of their share of the total population.