Appendix I GAO Biological and Environmental Research (long-term solutions) Health Effects and Life Sciences ($5 million) Sequencing of Microorganisms: Understanding the total genetic makeup of methane- and hydrogen-producing organisms in an effort to explore their possible use as energy sources. Environmental Sciences ($6 million) Carbon Sequestration ($4 million): Research activities focused on how CO2 is sequestered in natural forest ecosystems. Microorganism Research ($2 million): Exploring the flow of CO2 from the earth's atmosphere to the ocean and the relationship between CO2 absorption and marine microorganisms. Appendix I GAO Basic Energy Sciences (long-term solutions) Materials Sciences ($3.5 million) Research to support development of higher-performance materials for high-temperature combustion, novel energy-saving magnets and photovoltaic devices. Builds on existing programs but focuses on reducing CO2 production through greater efficiency. Chemical Sciences ($4.5 million) Research to understand molecular changes primarily during photosynthesis, catalysis, combustion, chemical separations, and energy storage. Engineering and Geosciences ($3 million) Focuses on terresterial sequestration of CO2 with goal of assessing the geochemistry, physics, and mechanics to determine how long CO2 would stay in place and whether it could be stored safely. To be coordinated with Fossil Energy. Energy Biosciences ($5 million) Previously emphasized biochemistry and biophysics of photosynthetic energy capture. Research on CO2 will focus on genetic engineering and how plants use energy to convert CO2 into products. |