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U.S. PERSONNEL ASSIGNED TO U.S. MISSION NATO AND NATO, CENTO, SEATO INTERNATIONAL MILITARY

HEADQUARTERS

Organization

U.S. Mission NATO.

NATO Military Committee.

International Military Staff..

NATO Maintenance Supply Agency..

NATO Central European Pipeline Agency.

NATO international military headquarters and agencies:
SHAPE-Supreme Headquarters, Allied Powers Europe.
AFCENT-Allied Forces, Central Europe.

CENTAG Central Army Group.

4th ATAF-4th Allied Tactical Air Force.
5th ATAF-5th Allied Tactical Air Force.
6th ATAF-6th Allied Tactical Air Force.
AFNORTH-Allied Forces, Northern Europe..
AFSOUTH-Allied Forces, Southern Europe.
ALFSEE-Allied Land Forces, Southeast Europe..
BALTAP-Baltic Approaches..

AIRSOUTH-Allied Air Forces, Southern Europe.

STC-Shape Technical Center..

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SACLANTCEN-AntiSubWarfare Research Center.

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1 U.S. civilian personnel are involved in transfer of IMH from MAP to defense budget. U.S. military are currently paid from military functions appropriations.

Question. How many countries are to receive some type of grant aid in FY 1970 compared with FY 1969? Please supply the same information on countries to receive sales assistance only, training only, training in the U.S. only, and any assistance other than training.

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Question. What was the cost in FY 1969 for our military aid missions, of all types, including salaries and other related expenses for military personnel? Estimated for FY 1970? What are the sources of funding?

Answer.

MAAG's:

Fiscal year
1969

Fiscal year 1970 1

MAP appropriation...

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Military service appropriations ("Operation and maintenance," "Military personnel, "Family housing").

Latin American military groups: Military service appropriations (“Operation and maintenance," "Military personnel," "Family housing").

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Total...

86, 096, 800

74,200,000

Amounts shown do not include fiscal year 1970 pay raises for U.S. civilians and military personnel.

Question. How much was spent in FY 1969 in rehabilitating and reconditioning excess property for use in MAP? Where is the reconditioning and rehabilitation carried out?

Answer. During FY 1969 $14.5 million was expended for rehabilitation and reconditioning of excess property for use by MAP recipient countries.

Reconditioning and rehabilitation of excess property for use by MAP recipients is accomplished by the respective military department either in their own repair facilities or by contract with commercial companies. Locations vary widely and are dependent on location of equipment to be rehabilitated and location of military and/or contractor facility that has the capability to accomplish the desired work.

DISARMAMENT AGENCY PARTICIPATION IN MILITARY SALES PROGRAM

The CHAIRMAN. There are one or two questions which are very easy. Was the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency consulted and its approval obtained for the grant and sales program proposed in the bill? Secretary LAIRD. The Arms Control Agency?

THE CHAIRMAN. Yes. Do they participate in approving the program? Secretary LAIRD. Not directly, but they do through the State Department. The State Department has to approve every request that is included in our military assistance program, and they would be involved through the State Department.

The CHAIRMAN. Well, they are semiautonomous, I suppose, in an indirect way. But an any case, directly, you do not feel or it is

not

Secretary LAIRD. We deal directly with the State Department. The CHAIRMAN. That is right. You do not consult with them directly.

FUNDING OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH

There is one question that I think is especially interesting. According to the General Accounting Office's investigation, the Defense Department has undertaken about a $4.2 million project in social science research in a country which is a recipient of military aid. The GAO is of the opinion that these projects should have been funded under the military aid program.

I have a whole list of these. Unfortunately, the document which they submitted is still a confidential document, but I would like to submit this to you because these lines of control and of financing are very difficult to keep straight. The GAO, I think, makes a very good case that the circumstances in this country are if you going to do it at all it should be under the military aid program, that is, under this bill, and not financed through the Defense Department.

This could make a great deal of difference. First, I think, is the care with which it is scrutinized, and also the limited amount of funds, and for various reasons, I think it would be in the public interest if I could submit this to you and get a very serious answer to this. I think the GAO is correct, and if it is, I think it would be in the interests of the budget of your Department as well as of our own relationships, because we should in a case such as described here, I think, have the responsibility for this kind of a program.

The country in question is not Vietnam. It is not a country where we are having that kind of difficulty.

Secretary LAIRD. I will be glad to supply that, Senator Fulbright. But I would just like to add, Mr. Chairman, that I think the Senate Armed Services Committee, in the procurement bill that is on the floor of the Senate, has already taken care of that matter and has reduced those funds. They are no longer in the bill.

The CHAIRMAN. Well, we will settle that, but it is not all cut out, and on this type of social science research, if you will recall last year this matter was brought up before you became Secretary and the men in charge of the bill on the Senate floor were, I think, quite surprised themselves at the extent of social science research of the Department of Defense.

This grew up like Topsy without anybody being very aware of it, I think, until this year, when a slight cutback was made.

What we are doing is urging you to give further consideration to it. I think it would save you money and I think it would keep us from becoming involved in the internal affairs of several countries, and might even improve our relations with them. As I say, this has nothing to do with the war in Vietnam. These are just our relations with other countries.

(The following information was later supplied :)

FUNDING ON DOD SOCIAL RESEARCH PROJECTS

Although we have reduced social science research funds in response to the Stennis Committee's recommendations, the particular ARPA projects cited by the GAO are not social science research with one exception, a project which ran for two years at $70,000 per year, and is now completed. The research projects are considered to have been properly funded by DOD rather than MAP. They are research and development projects in cooperation with a friendly developing nation, the results of which will have broad counter-insurgency applications.

In general, military research on counterinsurgency, particularly on the detection and interception of externally based infiltrators, is one of the important elements of the current research programs of DOD. It is the intent of such R&D to learn how to avoid future operational costs and as such it is potentially very cost-effective. In addition, the present research provides data to cross-check and supplement the results of much more extensive R&D being performed in Southeast Asia and is considered to meet priority requirements of DOD. Much of the needed data has been obtained during the four years over which the $4.2 million on this program have been expended. From near $1 million per year two years ago, we expect the research will require no more than half a million in FY 70, and, depending on events and U.S. policy in the region, may be reduced thereafter.

MILITARY TRAINING PROGRAM

The CHAIRMAN. One other thing-the General Accounting Office also is conducting a study of certain aspects of the military training program for the committee, and a member of the General Accounting Office was denied information about the 5-year plan for the military assistance program.

I wonder if you would not reconsider your decision not to make that available? I do not see why it should not be. What we are interested in is trying to understand the future of this program. It is pretty difficult for us to develop a judgment about it when we have no idea what you have in mind.

It seems to me that some way of working together more on a longer term basis could be developed. I regret that you thought you had to deny information to the GAO. They are one of the agencies that help us because of our limited staff. If you cannot make it available to them,

maybe some other version could be made available to the committee staff for our information next year.

This helps us a great deal. I think it makes it much easier.

Secretary LAIRD. Mr. Chairman, I looked over that matter when the GAO included a reference to it in their report. These 5-year plans are completely meaningless because of the manner in which military assistance is programed, and I do not believe they would be helpful to your committee in any way. But I will look into it, and I will supply for the record a complete analysis.

The CHAIRMAN. Of course, if that is true, it never occurred to me that the Defense Department would engage in a meaningless endeavor. I thought it surely would have some significance.

Secretary LAIRD. I am afraid that looking over those plans for the military assistance program would not aid greatly in your consideration of this bill. But I will go into a thorough analysis of this for you. The CHAIRMAN. Perhaps it could be. I just assumed it would have been

Secretary LAIRD. They are really working papers.

The CHAIRMAN. Yes.

Secretary LAIRD. And taking the program over the last few years, they do not mean very much.

The CHAIRMAN. Well, maybe we can reform this year's in such a way that it will be more meaningful.

(The following information was later supplied :)

FIVE-YEAR MILITARY ASSISTANCE PLAN

Tentative plans are prepared yearly forecasting military assistance programs for five years in advance. These plans are in the nature of staff studies which provide general guidance to the Military Assistance Advisory Groups and Unified Commanders for development of a preliminary annual program. They are published as a basis for further planning. Information contained is subject to extensive adjustment in the course of preparation of the President's budget submission. The Congressional presentation is the official Executive Branch position on MAP requirements for the current fiscal year, and should be defended and judged on its merits.

Programs such as that for Military Assistance are particularly subject to change as world conditions and political considerations may dictate. Therefore, the release outside of the Executive Branch of such tentative planning documents could be misleading and subject to debate outside the Executive Branch before Executive Branch recommendations to the President for the next fiscal year have been finalized. Premature release of such plans is thus not considered to be in the public interest.

However, as indicated in my letter dated 26 June 1969, we are prepared to provide a detailed briefing on the Five Year Plan at it relates to training.

The CHAIRMAN. General Warren, I'm afraid we have ignored you. Do you have anything you want to volunteer?

General WARREN. No, sir; I have enjoyed the meeting.

The CHAIRMAN. Is this your first meeting?

General WARREN. It is the first one before this committee.

The CHAIRMAN. I do not know why you enjoyed it so much. What do you find interesting about it? I think it is very sad that we each year feel compelled to supply money for such purposes all around the world. It is a reflection of the sad state of the human race, is it not? But if you enjoyed it, I congratulate you.

Thank you very much, Mr. Secretary.

Secretary LAIRD. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. (Whereupon, at 1:25 p.m., the committee adjourned.)

FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1969

FRIDAY, JULY 18, 1969

UNITED STATES SENATE, COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS, Washington, D.C.

The committee met, pursuant to recess, at 10:10 a.m., in room 4221, New Senate Office Building, Senator Stuart Symington, presiding. Present: Senators Symington, Pell, McGee, Aiken, Case, and Javits. Senator SYMINGTON. The Committee on Foreign Relations is meeting today to continue hearings on S. 2347, the administration's foreign aid bill.

This morning the committee will hear testimony from individuals and representatives of various organizations interested in the foreign aid program. Because of the large number of witnesses scheduled to testify we would appreciate it if each witness would limit his testimony to a brief summary of his prepared statement. The full text of the statement will, of course, be printed in the hearing record. All comments and recommendations will be given careful consideration by the committee.

Our first witness this morning is our former colleague, the able and distinguished Senator from Alaska, Senator Gruening. Senator Gruening, we would be very glad to hear from you, sir.

STATEMENT OF HON. ERNEST GRUENING, FORMER U.S. SENATOR FROM ALASKA

Mr. GRUENING. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

agree

In view of your suggestion and in the interest of time if it is able, I will just submit my statement for the record and summarize it briefly.

POPULATION EXPLOSION A GRAVE PROBLEM

I think that the population explosion confronts the world with one of its gravest problems, and I am very hopeful that the Foreign Relations Committee of the Senate, which has taken the lead in earmarking a substantial amount of funds for this field, will continue its leadership, and I am hopeful that not less than $100 million will be obligated in the next foreign-aid bill.

It is rather interesting that today as we forecast the dire results in this world if we do not do something about checking the population, widespread famine, deterioration of quality of the human race, and wars, that we are even right now in the presence of a war caused by too many people. It appears that too many people in Salvador were not able to be accommodated in that smallest of continental Latin

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