Medical Uses of StatisticsJohn C. Bailar III, Frederick Mosteller CRC Press, 2019 M05 20 - 480 pages This work explains the purpose of statistical methods in medical studies and analyzes the statistical techniques used by clinical investigators, with special emphasis on studies published in "The New England Journal of Medicine". It clarifies fundamental concepts of statistical design and analysis, and facilitates the understanding of research results. |
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Page 5
... sometimes presents statistical problems that demand solution; similarly, nearly all readers of research reports find that understanding a study's reported results often requires an understanding of statistical issues and of the way in ...
... sometimes presents statistical problems that demand solution; similarly, nearly all readers of research reports find that understanding a study's reported results often requires an understanding of statistical issues and of the way in ...
Page 6
... sometimes labeled internal validity. A second question follows: If the data had been collected instead in a somewhat different way (e.g., by including patients younger than 55, by considering patients from community hospitals as well as ...
... sometimes labeled internal validity. A second question follows: If the data had been collected instead in a somewhat different way (e.g., by including patients younger than 55, by considering patients from community hospitals as well as ...
Page 7
... sometimes labeled external validity. Internal validity is primarily a statistical issue; external validity can be evaluated only with the help of expertise and judgment in areas outside statistics. The next four sections of this chapter ...
... sometimes labeled external validity. Internal validity is primarily a statistical issue; external validity can be evaluated only with the help of expertise and judgment in areas outside statistics. The next four sections of this chapter ...
Page 10
... sometimes used as volunteers to assess the risks of side effects from prospective new drugs. If a drug is intended to treat a disease affecting mainly elderly patients, and if younger subjects are expected to be used in a clinical trial ...
... sometimes used as volunteers to assess the risks of side effects from prospective new drugs. If a drug is intended to treat a disease affecting mainly elderly patients, and if younger subjects are expected to be used in a clinical trial ...
Page 12
... sometimes ruinous form of confounding occurs when the personal choice of a patient (or physician or other key participant) can affect either side of a treatment comparison. The polio-vaccine trials (involving 2 million children) provide ...
... sometimes ruinous form of confounding occurs when the personal choice of a patient (or physician or other key participant) can affect either side of a treatment comparison. The polio-vaccine trials (involving 2 million children) provide ...
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analysis applied assessment assigned authors average calculated called cancer Chapter clinical trials combined comparison considered crossover decision depends described determine discussed disease drug effects Engl England Journal error estimate example expected experiment Figure findings fitted four give given groups Health hospital hypothesis important improvement included increase indicated interpretation interval issues Journal less means measurements ment meta-analysis mortality multiple myocardial infarction N Engl observed original outcome patients percent period population possible present probability problems procedures published questions randomized readers reasons reduce REFERENCES regression relation reported requires response risk sample scientific selection shows significant sometimes specific standard statistical methods subjects Table techniques therapy tion treated treatment usually variables variance Yes Yes