Medical Uses of StatisticsJohn C. Bailar III, Frederick Mosteller CRC Press, 2019 M05 20 - 480 pages This work explains the purpose of statistical methods in medical studies and analyzes the statistical techniques used by clinical investigators, with special emphasis on studies published in "The New England Journal of Medicine". It clarifies fundamental concepts of statistical design and analysis, and facilitates the understanding of research results. |
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Page 11
... relationship more amenable to quantitative treatment is the concept of regression. Think of two variables x (dose) and y (response). We define the regression of y upon x to be the curve that depicts at each value of x (dose) the average ...
... relationship more amenable to quantitative treatment is the concept of regression. Think of two variables x (dose) and y (response). We define the regression of y upon x to be the curve that depicts at each value of x (dose) the average ...
Page 13
... relationship between a helmet law and the risk of motorcycle accident death. Our actual finite data tell us, uncertainly, about that infinite-data case and about the actual level of risk in the three periods observed. Overall, then ...
... relationship between a helmet law and the risk of motorcycle accident death. Our actual finite data tell us, uncertainly, about that infinite-data case and about the actual level of risk in the three periods observed. Overall, then ...
Page 18
... relation between lung cancer and cigarette smoking, for instance, was achieved through a host of studies stretching over years. For each study that found an adverse effect of smoking, it was possible to suggest biases that had not been ...
... relation between lung cancer and cigarette smoking, for instance, was achieved through a host of studies stretching over years. For each study that found an adverse effect of smoking, it was possible to suggest biases that had not been ...
Page 20
... relationship can be especially direct if a probability sample is drawn from a population with the aim of describing the whole population. But even in such a straightforward situation, interpretation may be difficult, simply because the ...
... relationship can be especially direct if a probability sample is drawn from a population with the aim of describing the whole population. But even in such a straightforward situation, interpretation may be difficult, simply because the ...
Page 22
... relation between the tests false-positive rate, r, and p, the prevalence of the disease in the population. A little reflection shows that if the prevalence p is 1 in 1000 and the false-positive rate r is 1 in 100, then there will be ...
... relation between the tests false-positive rate, r, and p, the prevalence of the disease in the population. A little reflection shows that if the prevalence p is 1 in 1000 and the false-positive rate r is 1 in 100, then there will be ...
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analysis applied assessment assigned authors average calculated called cancer Chapter clinical trials combined comparison considered crossover decision depends described determine discussed disease drug effects Engl England Journal error estimate example expected experiment Figure findings fitted four give given groups Health hospital hypothesis important improvement included increase indicated interpretation interval issues Journal less means measurements ment meta-analysis mortality multiple myocardial infarction N Engl observed original outcome patients percent period population possible present probability problems procedures published questions randomized readers reasons reduce REFERENCES regression relation reported requires response risk sample scientific selection shows significant sometimes specific standard statistical methods subjects Table techniques therapy tion treated treatment usually variables variance Yes Yes