Outer Continental Shelf Oil & Gas Leasing Program: 1997-2002, Final Environmental Impact Statement, Volume 2U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, 1996 |
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Alaska Region assumed Beaufort Sea beluga whales bottlenose dolphins bowhead whales cetaceans Chukchi Sea coastal waters commercial fishing concentrations contamination Cook Inlet crude oil degradation discharges disposal disturbance dredging drilling emissions estimated expected to require exploration and development facilities Federal OCS fisheries future OCS gas activities gas development gray whales Gulf Coast Gulf of Alaska Gulf of Mexico habitat Habitat Loss harbor porpoise hydrocarbons increase island Large Oil Spill lease sales levels located Louisiana marine mammals Mid-Atlantic MMbbl mortality noise nonpoint-source OCS activities OCS oil oil and gas oil spills oilfield wastes onshore Pacific Region percent petroleum pipeline Planning Area platforms point sources pollutants ports potential production projected proposed action recovery routine runoff sea lions sea otter sediments Southern California species spill occurs spilled oil spills associated sublethal subsistence table IV-16 tanker spills Texas transport USDOI USEPA vessel traffic warning areas wetlands whale population
Popular passages
Page 289 - Stale and Federal regulations, these wastes rarely pose a significant threat to human health and the environment Nonetheless, all major types of wastes and waste management practices have been associated to some degree with endangerment of human health and damage to the environment at various times and places. The major categories of wastes responsible for damages include reserve pit wastes, fracturing and acidizing fluids, production chemicals, waste crude oil produced water, and other miscellaneous...
Page 283 - ... easements and deeds of dedication. Space Shuttle flights began at KSC in 1981 and will begin at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California in 1985. Expendable launch vehicle operations are conducted at both the Air Force's Eastern Space and Missile Center, at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, and the Western Space and Missile Center at Vandenberg Air Force Base. The principal roles of KSC are: (1) Space Transportation System Ground operations — this includes Space Shuttle launch preparation,...
Page 274 - In contrast to the important progress made during the 1970's in controlling industrial point source discharges and in upgrading municipal sewage treatment facilities, progress with nonpoint sources is negligible (CEQ, 1980).
Page 294 - ... Marine transportation. — Environmental concerns associated with marine transportation involve the environmental implications of routine operational discharges. Effects may be significant in heavily utilized waters with poor circulation. 5. Accidental discharges. — Substantial amounts of oil and hazardous materials enter the marine environment as a result of accidental spills. Although the focus in the past has been on the cleanup and mitigation of spilled oil, the national concern is shifting...
Page 272 - Such changes have completely eliminated many areas from salmon production, and have seriously reduced salmon production potential La other areas.
Page 315 - Possible disturbance to bowhead whales from helicopters, vessels, seismic surveys, and drilling would be as previously described. Bowhead whales would be exposed to the risk of oil spills from exploration, development and production, and transportation of oil from the Canadian Beaufort Sea. Oil-spill effects on the bowhead whales would be as previously described.
Page 299 - If formation waters were reinjected or injected into different formations, no discharge of formation waters would occur and no effect would occur. If formation waters were discharged, the effect on water quality would be...
Page 265 - The onshore infrastructure is highly concentrated in the coastal areas of Louisiana and eastern Texas, and to a lesser extent, along the south Texas coast and east of Louisiana to Mobile, Alabama.
Page 314 - Malme (1993) reported that bowheads may react to the onset of industrial noise during a brief playback, but they habituate when that sound level continues for a long period near an actual drillship or dredge. However, playbacks also showed that responsiveness varies among individuals and days. Thus, whales seen near...
Page 288 - Other sources include . sohaltic roads; the protective asphaltic coatings used for roofs, pipes, etc., oil used in two-cycle engines, especially the outboard powerboat motors; and unburned hydrocarbons in exhaust.