diagonal line" is drawn from this point of intersection above and in the same vertical plane as the horizontal line and inclined at an angle of 631⁄2 degrees with it.

No part of the building can extend above this diagonal line except chimneys, dormers, gables, turrets or other architectural ornaments. Further instructions for drawing the diagonal line are included in the lawfor exceptionally irregular sites.

Yards. There must be provided at the rear of every dwelling house an open space exclusively belonging to it of an aggregate extent of not less than 150 sq. ft. in all cases the open space must be at least 10 ft. wide and extend throughout the entire width of the building. In the case of corner lots the council may permit the erection of buildings not exceeding 30ft. in height upon such part of the space in the rear as they may think fit, provided they are satisfied that its erection will not interfere unduly with the access of light and air to neighboring buildings.

Courts. Where a court is wholly or in part open at the top but inclosed on every side, and constructed for the purpose of admitting light or air, and the depth from the eaves or top of the parapet wall to the ceiling of the ground story exceeds the length or width: of the court the owner of the building must make adequate provisions for ventilation by means of communication with the outer air.

Rooms. No habitable room not having a window directly opening into the external air otherwise than into an enclosed court, shall be constructed unless the width of the court measured from the window to the wall opposite is equal to 11⁄2 the height measured from the window sill to the top of the opposite wall.

Every habitable room except rooms wholly or partly in the roof must be at least 8 ft. 6 in. in height. Rooms wholly or partly in the roof must be at least 8 ft. in height.

Every habitable room must have one or more windows opening directly into the external air or into at conservatory with a window area equal to 1/10 the floor area of the room and so constructed that a portion equal to 1/20 of the floor area can be opened, and the opening in each case to extend to at least 7 ft. above the floor. Rooms in the roof may be lighted by dormer windows of 1/12 the floor area, with the top 5 ft. from the floor.

As regards buildings on its own property the county council requires the minimum superficial area of a one-roomed tenement to be at least 144 sq. ft. A tworoomed tenement must have one room of 144 sq. ft., and one of at least 96 sq. ft. in area; a three-roomed tenement, 1 room 144 sq. ft., two rooms 96 sq. ft. For a four-roomed tenement the fourth room must contain at least 100 sq. ft. The stairways must be at least four feet wide.

Cellar Rooms. Every room must be 7 ft. high and at least 3 ft. above the ground. Its walls must be damp-proof, and there must be an area way along the entire frontage 4 ft. wide and if it has a hollow floor, that must be ventilated. Every room must have a separate water-closet, must be well ventilated, must have a fireplace with proper chimney and must have one or more windows opening to the external air with a total window area equal to 1/10 the floor area.

Stairways. In every dwelling house of more than

one hundred and twenty-five thousand cubic feet in content or adapted for separate families the floors and. stairs must be of fire-resisting material. In every building used by more than two families the principal staircase must be ventilated upon every story by means of windows or skylights opening directly into the external air.

Fire Escapes. Every building exceeding 60 ft. in height, must be provided with such fire escapes for the stories above 60 ft. as the council may require. A certificate must be issued by the council before they can be occupied. Every building over 30 ft. in height must have either a dormer window, a trap door with ladder, or other proper means of access to the roof.

No more than two stories can be constructed in the roof.

Where buildings are used partly for purposes of manufacture or trade and partly for habitation there must be fireproof walls and floors between the two parts.

Water-closets. The Public Health Act requires that every building shall be provided with one or more proper and sufficient water-closets, as circumstances may require, furnished with suitable water supply, apparatus, etc. Offences against this section are punishable by fine of not exceeding 20 pounds.

Enforcement. The enforcement of the Public Health Act is placed in the hands of the local authority, that is the vestries and the district boards. Upon the presentation of the Medical Officer of Health of any vestry or district of a certificate stating that in

sanitary conditions amounting to a nuisance exist, the local authority must commence proceedings to stop the nuisance. The vestries and district boards employ Sanitary Inspectors who investigate the enforcement of both the London Public Health Act and the Housing of the Working Classes Act. In all the districts there are about 225 such inspectors. A Superintending Architect and Surveyors investigate the enforcement of the Building Law. The owner of buildings is held responsible for structural defects. Either the owner or the occupier or both may be served with notice to remedy insanitary conditions. All costs and expenses are recoverable from the owner of the property. The occupier may recover by deducting the expense from the rent.

Glasgow

The building regulations are contained in the Glasgow Building Regulations Act, 1900, which amended and extended the Police Acts 1866 to 1899.

Definition. "Tenement means a building constructed in flats or stories occupied in whole or in part as dwelling houses and let to separate tenants.”

Through Ventilation. Where the design of any one or more streets taken either by themselves or in conjunction with other streets or with buildings contemplates the erection of buildings so placed as to form part of a hollow square (inner court), the owner must provide a space 15 feet wide through such hollow square from street to street for the purpose of through ventilation. This does not apply where the enclosed space in the centre of the block contains up