NOBEL PRIZE

third American to receive this price, the others being Theodore Roosevelt (1906), and Elihu Root (1912). The Peace prizes were bestowed on M. Bourgeois and the representative of President Wilson at a meeting of the Storthing at Christiania, December 10.

NOBLE, HARRIET I. American gynecologist, died at Brooklyn, N. Y., Oct. 10, 1920. She was born at Davenport, Iowa, in 1859, and graduated at the Woman's Medical College in Philadelphia, where she became head demonstrator of anatomy and curator of the college museum. Previous to her death she had been a specialist in gynecological department of the post-graduate hospital. NON-PARTISAN LEAGUE. See NORTH

DAKOTA.

NORRIS, TRUE LIVINGSTON. Editor, died, December 4. He was born at Manchester, N. H., May 4, 1848; served in the Civil War as a private in the Massachusetts Volunteers; was admitted to the bar in 1868, and practiced at Boston, Washington, and Concord, N. H. He then went into newspaper work and was first on the staff of the New York Herald, 1883-5; then on the Boston Globe, 1885-8, of which after 1888 he was the editor. After 1893 he was the proprietor of the Portsmouth (N. H.) Times and the States and the Union. He was delegate to the Democratic National Conventions of 1900 and 1904. NORTH CAROLINA. POPULATION. According to the preliminary report of the census of 1920, there were 2,559,123 residents in the State, Jan. 1, 1920, as compared with 2,206.287 in 791C.

AGRICULTURE. According to the census of 1920, the number of farms was 269,740, an increase of 6.3 per cent since 1910. The following table is compiled from the estimates of the United States Department of Agriculture, covering the years, 1919 and 1920:

Raleigh, 150; Confederate Women's Home, Fayetteville. The State prison is at Raleigh; number of inmates, 825.

ELECTIONS. The vote in the presidential election of 1920 was: Cox (Democrat), 305,447; Harding (Republican), 232,848; as compared with the following vote in the presidential elecWilson tion of 1916: (Democrat), 168,383; Hughes (Republican), 120,890. The vote for governer was: Cameron Morrison (Democrat), 308,151; John J. Parker (Republican), 230,175; and for United States Senator: Lee S. Overman (Democrat), 310,504; A. E. Holton (Republican), 229,343.

OFFICERS. Governor, Cameron Morrison; Lieutenant-Governor, W. B. Cooper; Secretary of State, J. Bryan Grimes; Auditor, Baxter Durham; Treasurer, Benjamin R. Lacy; Superintendent of Public Instruction, E. Č. Brooks; Attorney-General, James D. Manning.

JUDICIARY. Supreme Court: Chief Justice, Walter Clark; Associate Justices, Platt D. Walker, William A. Hoke, William R. Allen, W. P. Stacy. See EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES. NORTH CAROLINA, UNIVERSITY OF. A nonsectarian, co-educational institution at Chapel Hill, N. C., founded in 1795. The students for the summer session of 1920 numbered 1146, and for the regular fall session, 1470. There were 106 members on the teaching staff, including 9 additions. The income for the year was $715,878. There were 93,914 volumes in the library. There were various gifts of unusual sort given for the establishment of loan funds for the assistance of needy students. A collection of 1300 volumes from the shelves of the late Dr. K. P. Battle was the gift of the heirs to the university. Through the generosity of the General Educational Board $40,000 was appropriated for the purpose of increasing the salaries of members of the teaching force. The new Steele Dormitory was nearing completion. Phillips Hall was completed and was occupied by the department of Physics, Engineering and Mathematics. President, Harry Woodburn Chase, Ph.D., LL.D.

NORTH DAKOTA. POPULATION. According to the preliminary report of the census of 1920, there were 645,680 residents in the State, Jan. 1, 1920, as compared with 577,056 in 1910.

AGRICULTURE. According to the census of 1920, the number of farms was 77,693, an increase of 4.5 per cent since 1910. The following table is compiled from the estimates of the United States Department of Agriculture, covering the years, 1919 and 1920:

53,200,000

3,960,000

1919 198,000

3,307,000

Wheat

1920 724,000

8,471,000

6,067,000

Rye

912,000

881,000

384,120

@325,248

Bureau of the Census, showed a consistent increase at the census of 1919, as compared with that for 1914. In the order of their importance from a percentage standpoint, the increases for the several items ranked as follows: Cost of materials, 207.2 per cent; value of products, 171.3 per cent; wages, 123.6 per cent; value added by manufacture, 93.4 per cent; capital, 72.7 per cent; salaries, 61.9 per cent; wage earners, 36.5 per cent; proprietors and firm members. 28.4 per cent; number of establishments, 27.9 per cent; salaried employees, 20.8 per cent; and primary horsepower, 18.1 per cent. The capital invested. as reported in 1919, showed a gain of $10,337,000, or 72.7 per cent, over that in 1914. The average capital per establishment was approximately $27,000 in 1919 and $20,000 in 1914. The cost of materials used in 1919 showed an increase over that for 1914 of $30,006,000 or 207.2 per cent. The average cost of materials per establishment in 1919 was approximately $50,000, and in 1914 $21,000. The value of products in 1919 showed an increase over that in 1914 of 36,227.000, or 171.3 per cent. The average per establishment in 1919 was approximately $64,000 and in 1914 $30,000. The value added by manufacture in 1919 shows an increase over that in 1914 of $6,221,000, or 93.4 per cent. The value added by manufacture in 1919 formed 22.5 per cent of the total value of products and in 1914 31.5 per cent. In 1919, as compared with 1914, the number of salaried employees showed an increase of 156, or 20.8 per cent, while the average number of wage earners increased 1197, or 36.5 per cent. A comparative summary for the State for 1914 and 1919 follows:

ELECTION. The vote in the presidential election of 1920 was: Harding (Republican), 160,072; Cox (Democrat), 37,422; Debs (Socialist), 8283; as compared with the following vote in the presidential election of 1916: Wilson (Democrat), 55,206; Hughes (Republican), 53,471; Benson (Socialist), 5716. The vote for governor was: Lynn J. Frazier (Republican, Non-Partisan), 116,934; J. F. T. O'Connor (Democrat, Independent), 112,292; and for United States Senator: Dr. E. F. Ladd (Republican, Non-Partisan), 130,098; H. H. Perry (Democrat, Independent), 87,006.

POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT. In 1918, various features of the industrial programme of the NonPartisan League had been embodied in the laws. These included among other things the construction of a large elevator and flour mill at Grand Forks, and the deposit of public funds in the bank of North Dakota which was to serve as the financial organ of the new industrial programme. At the close of the year 1920, however, the financial system was seriously embarrassed. The election in the autumn had for one of its issues the doing away with the compulsory deposit of public funds in the bank. The people voted in large majority in favor of this. The leaders of the League had planned to make the bank the source of credit for the new plans and at one time over $30,000,000 was under the control of the bank. As a result of the decision at the November election, this sum had been reduced to about $10,000,000. Withdrawal of funds was checked to some extent by the action of the Industrial Commission which passed resolutions prohibiting counties, towns, etc., from

EDUCATION. According to the school census of 1920, there were 203,857 persons of school age (6 to 20, inclusive) residing in the State of North Dakota in June. 1920. The number of different persons employed as teachers in the schools in 1920 was 8219. The average monthly salary of all teachers was a little over $95.

TRANSPORTATION. Total mileage of steam railway in the State in 1920, including secondary main line and side-tracks, was 6396.6, of which 2359.83 were under the Great Northern, 1926.82 under the Northern Pacific, and 1486.86 under the Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie railway companies.

CHARITIES AND CORRECTIONS. The State institutions in 1920 were as follows: State Train

ing School, Mandan; State Penitentiary, Bismarck; Hospital for Insane, Jamestown; School for Deaf, Devils Lake; Institution for FeebleMinded, Grafton; School for Blind, Bathgate; Tuberculosis Sanatorium, Dunseith; Florence Crittendon Home, Fargo; Soldiers Home, Lisbon.

17,791

$24,550,000 6,835,000 1,434,000 5,401,000 44,490,000 57,374,000 12,884,000

3.275 15,062 $14,213,000 3,302,000 886,000 2,416,000 14,484,000 21,147,000 6,663,000

93.4

withdrawing funds in order to place them in private banks. Nevertheless, the situation was embarrassing and the members of the League were planning to introduce a measure in the next legislature that would make the bank the depository of all public funds despite the decision in the November election. On account of the difficulty with the bank, the Industrial Commission was obliged to discontinue the work on the building programme. The programme had called for the financing of industries by the issue of bonds, amounting to $17,000,000. Down to 1920, the Industrial Commission had been able to dispose of only a very small fraction of this amount.

OFFICERS. Governor, Lynn J. Frazier; Lieutenant-Governor, Howard R. Wood; Secretary of State, Thomas Hall; State Auditor, D. C. PoinGeneral, Wm. Lemke; Commissioner of Insurance, dexter; State Treasurer, John Steen; AttorneyS. A. Olsness; Commissioner of Agriculture and Labor, John N. Hagen; Superintendent of Public Instruction, Minnie J. Nielson.

NORTH DAKOTA

A co

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. educational institution of the higher learning at Evanston, Chicago, Ill.; founded in 1851. At the summer school there were 652 men and 214 women enrolled, while the fall session enrollment was 4540 men and 1863 women. There were 401 members in the faculty. The productive endownment was approximately $5,600,000 and the total income from all sources was $3,250,000. The university library contained 123,662 volumes and 93,720 pamphlets. The Gary Law Library of the Law School contained 50,000 volumes, and in addition to these main libraries, other schools had small technical libraries which contained 20,000 volumes. The outstanding feature of the year was the purchase of a campus site in the city of Chicago where it was proposed to erect new buildings to house the Schools of Law, Dentistry, Medicine, and Commerce, which are now somewhat scattered in the city. In connection with the University, the Joseph Medill School of Journalism has been established. President, Walter Dill Scott, Ph.D., who was called to the presidency of the university Oct. 1, 1920, to fill the vacancy created by the resignation of Lynn Harold Hough, D.D., Th.D. NORTHWEST PROVINCES. The Prairie Provinces of Canada. See CANADA.

new

NORTHWEST TERRITORIES. That part of western Canada which is bounded on the west by Yukon Territory and separated by the 60th parallel from British Columbia and the Prairie Provinces on the south; comprising the districts formerly known as the Northwest Territory, Kee

watin, and Rupert's Land. Area, estimated at 1,242,224 square miles, including 34,298 water area; population (1911), 18,481. It is under the administration of the officers of the Royal Northwest Mounted Police, directed by a commissioner whose headquarters are at Ottawa. Commissioner at the beginning of 1920, Lieutenant-colonel F. White.

NORTON, GEORGE W. Newspaper writer, died, October 22. He was born at Strong, Me., Aug. 25, 1855, and graduated at the State Normal School. He taught school for some years and then became a reporter for the Portland Evening Express, of which he became editor in 1872. He was a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1900.

NORWAY. A constitutional monarchy in northwestern Europe; formerly united with Sweden, but separated June 7, 1905; forming the western and northern part of the Scandinavian peninsula, with an extreme length of 1110 miles and an extreme width of 250 miles. Of the total area, 75 per cent is estimated as unproductive, 21.5 per cent under forest and 3.5 per cent under cultivation. Area estimated at 125,001 square miles; population, Dec. 1, 1910, 2,391,782; estimated, Jan. 1, 1918, 2,632,010. Capital, Christiania, with an estimated population on Jan. 1, 1918, of 259,445. The movement of population in 1918 was as follows: Births (exclusive of still born), 63,910; deaths (exclusive of still born), 43,104. The emigration in 1918 amounted to 1226, of whom 1179 went to the United States. The national church is Lutheran, which is endowed by the State and in 1910 there were only 62,553 dissenters, including 10,986 Methodists, 7659 Baptists, and 2046 Roman Catholics. Education is compulsory between the ages of 61⁄2 and 14. The number of public elementary schools in 1916 was 6130 in the country with 289,050 pupils and 3345 schools in the towns with 98,876 pupils. The university in Christiania had an attendance in 1916 of 1500 students. Forests and fisheries are the chief national sources of wealth. No later figures for their output were available than those given in the preceding YEAR BOOK. Pyrite is the chief mineral product; others are silver, copper ore, iron ore, feldspar, and nickel. Total value of mineral products in 1917, 42,824,000 kroner. Mining establishments, Jan. 1, 1918, numbered about 106, employing 8518 workers. Though the country is rich in water power, manufactures are retarded by the lack of coal, being wholly dependent on importation. The chief manufactures are electrochemical products. According to figures published at the beginning of 1918, there were 6935 manufacturing establishments employing a total of 161,278 persons. See AGRICULTURE. COMMERCE. In 1917 the leading countries in respect to the value of imports into Norway were, in the order of their importance: America, Great Britain and Ireland, Sweden, Germany, and Denmark. Chief among the countries of destination for exports were: Great Britain and Ireland, Germany, France, and Sweden. The total value of the imports in 1917 was 1,661,307,The chief classes of imports in their order of 700 kroner; of the exports, 791,372,200 kroner. value were: minerals, unwrought; breadstuffs; and textiles. Vessels, carriages, machinery, etc.; Leading articles of export were: duce; timber and wooden articles; and minerals, Animal promanufactured. The export trade fell off consid