as a matter of economy and of necessity to the commerce of this important harbor.

Pier extension is to be continued with the appropriation asked for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1887.

July 1, 1884, amount available....

Amount appropriated by act approved July 5, 1884

July 1, 1885. amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of outstanding liabilities July 1, 1884...

July 1, 1885, amount available...

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project.

$344 04 28,000 00

28, 344 04

7,070 11

21,273 93

112,000 00

Amount that can be protitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1887 60, 000 00 Submitted in c mpliance with requirements of section 2 of river and harbor acts of 1856 and 1867.

(See Appendix H H 16.)

17. Port Washington Harbor, Wisconsin.-The natural channel at the mouth of the Sauk River was narrow, and at the shoalest point had a depth of but 1 foot of water.

The project for the improvement of the harbor, adopted in 1869 and modified in 1870 and 1876, was for the formation by dredging of two interior basins, having a combined area of about 5 acres, with a depth of 12 feet, and a channel of the same depth connecting them with th lake, the channel entrance to the basins to be north of the mouth of the Sauk River, inclosed between two piers, so constructed that the flow o the river should be separated from the channel, and that the débri brought down by freshets, instead of shoaling the channel, should rein force the south pier.

Expenditures during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1885, have bee $7,679.11, and have resulted in building 600 feet of superstructure, 35 feet on the north pier and 250 feet on the south pier, and in the r moval from the channel of 16,513 cubic yards of material by the Unite States dredges, making a depth of not less than 12 feet, with a widt varying from 35 to 110 feet.

Up to June 30, 1885, $162,118.61 had been expended in this improve ment, in constructing a north and a south pier, respectively 870 an 1,226 feet in length, and about 400 linear feet of revetment along the nort bank of the river, extending to the inner end of the south pier; als in the formation by dredging of two interior basins, with an area of 2 and 3 acres, respectively, with an available depth of from 8 to 12 fee and in making a channel 75 feet wide and 10 feet deep, extending b tween the piers from the basins to the lake.

Dredging is still in progress.

The appropriation asked for the year ending June 30, 1887, is for th purpose of completing the project and making necessary repairs to th old work and dredging.

Amount appropriated by act approved July 5, 1884.

July 1, 184, amount available..

$60

10,000

10, 060

July 1, 1885, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of outstanding liabilities July 1, 1884

7,679

July 1, 1885, amount available

2,381

Amount (estimated required for completion of existing project........
Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30,1887
Submitted in compliance with requirements of section 2 of river and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.

17,000

17,000

(See Appendix H H 17.)

EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS FOR IMPROVEMENT TO COMPLY WITH REQUIREMENTS OF THE RIVER AND HARBOR ACT OF JULY 5, 1854.

It appearing, after preliminary examination by the local engineer, that the localities were worthy of improvement by the General Government, Lieutenant Colonel Barlow was charged with the following, reports npon which were transmitted to Congress and printed as House Ex. Doe. No. 89, Forty-eighth Congress, second session :

1. Lac la Belle Harbor, Michigan.—(See also Appendix H I 18.)

2. Ashland Harbor, in Ashland Bay, Lake Superior.-(See also Appendix II H 19.)

CONSTRUCTION OF HARBOR OF REFUGE, MILWAUKEE BAY-IMPROVE

MENT OF THE HARBORS OF MILWAUKEE, RACINE, KENOSHA, AND .WAUKEGAN-IMPROVEMENT OF FOX AND WISCONSIN RIVERS.

Officer in charge, Capt. W. L. Marshall, Corps of Engineers.

1. Harbor of Refuge at Milwaukee Bay, Wisconsin. The project for this harbor was approved in 1881, and contemplates the formation of an artificial harbor by inclosing a portion of Lake Michigan within an outer breakwater of crib work upon a stone foundation. The harbor will furnish 417 acres of safe mooring ground beyond the 18. foot curve, and about twice this area beyond the 12-foot curve.

Work was begun in 1881, and up to June 30, 1885, there has been expended on this work $2 19,777.45, resulting in the completion of 3,050 feet of the breakwater, except superstructure, which is but partially completed.

During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1885, the east arm of the breakwater was extended 600 feet and superstructure commenced over Cribs 30 to 40 and built to the height of 24 feet above datum. It is to be raised to 6 feet above datum. * The available balance at the close of the fiscal year will be expended in sinking one additional crib 50 feet long, in completing the superstructure over the north arm of the breakwater, and in lighting and maintaining the work until the fuæds are exharisted or until further appropriations.

The funds asked for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1887, are to be applied to the extension southward of the east arm of the breakwater.

The harbor will now begin to be available as a harbor of refuge for a few vessels during northeast storms, and its value will increase as the east arın is further extended. July 1, 1834, amount available.....

2. Milwaukee Harbor, Wisconsin.-The present project was adopted in 1852, and was directed to securing 12 feet of water at the entrance to the river, and to protecting this channel by parallel piers Since that date a channel 18 feet in depth and of sufficient width has been secured by extending the piers and dredging. The project is completed. The original depth of water at the mouth of the river was at times not more than 3 feet.

The United States has expended upon this harbor up to June 30, 1885, $275,157.28, in audition to $321,355.66 by the city of Milwaukee. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1885, the piers have been repaired as needed, where damaged by collisions.

The present available funds and the money asked for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1887, are to be applied to the maintenance of the pres ent piers and channel, and to replacing the superstructure of the north and south piers, built in 1871 and 1872, which are now rotten.

July 1, 1884, amount available....

July 1, 1885, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of outstanding liabilities July 1, 1884...

July 1, 1885, amount available.....

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project.

$11, 245 82

1,554 93

9,690 89

30, 1857 32, 000 00 Submitted in compliance with requirements of section 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.

(See Appendix I I 2.)

3. Racine Harbor, Wisconsin.-The entrance to this harbor originally varied in depth from absolute closure after storms to about 6 feet.

The present project was adopted in 1843, and contemplated originally a channel of 12 feet in depth, maintained by dredging between paralle piers extending into the lake from the river's mouth. The piers have since been further extended, and the depth increased by dredging to 10 feet. The channel has again deteriorated until now there is less than 13 feet of water in the channel at low stages. Dredging is necessary wher funds are available therefor.

There has been expended upon this harbor up to June 30, 1885, $220, 457.04.

During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1885, the superstructure ove 340 feet of the north pier, commencing at a point opposite the light-hous crib and extending eastward, was rebuilt by contract.

The funds now available will be used to maintain the present channe and work.

The funds asked for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1887, are to be ap plied to the extension of the south pier, as explained in the annual re port for 1883, and to dredging in the channel. This extension is not un gent. The dredging is necessary now to restore the navigable dept to 16 feet. For this purpose, and to maintain existing work, an annua appropriation of $8,000 will be required.

July 1, 1884, amount available......
Amount appropriated by act approved July 5, 1884..

July 1, 1885, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of outstanding liabilities July 1, 1884......

July 1, 1885, amount available..................

$2,379 9 7,000

9,379 9

5,797

3,582

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project.. $35, 000 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1887 28,000 00 Submitted in compliauce with requirements of section 2 of river and

harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix I I 3.)

4. Kenosha Harbor, Wisconsin.-- The present plan of improvement by parallel piers and dredging was first directed to securing a channel 12 feet in depth. The depth of water in the channel is now 11.5 feet avail. able. The original depth was 4 feet or less; sometimes it was entirely closed. It is now intended to increase this depth to 15 feet or more by extending the piers and dredging.

There has been expended upon this harbor up to June 30, 1885, $215,117.50.

During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1885, the superstructure over the outer sectiou of the south pier, 355 feet in length, was rebuilt to a height of 5 feet, its width being 20 feet.

The funds now available will be applied to the maintenance of the present channel and work.

The funds asked for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1887, are to be applied to the replacing of the superstructure over 415 linear feet of the inver section of the south pier, to pier extension, and to dredging. The pier extension is not urgent, but to maintain the present work and channel an annual appropriation of $8,000 is necessary. July 1, 1884, amount available

$949 38 Amount appropriated by act approveil July 5, 1884

5, 000 00

5, 949 38

July 1, 1685, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of outstanding

liabilities July 1, 1884....

4,113 31

July 1, 1883, amount available......

1,836 07

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project

46,000 00 Amount that can be profitablyexpended in fiscal yearending June 30,1887 20,000 00 Submitted in compliance with requirements of section 2 of river and

barbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix I I 4.)

5. Waukegan Harbor, Illinois.—The present project was adopted in 1880, and, as since modified, consists in excavating a small basin in low ground between the lake and bluffs to form the harbor, and in dredging an entrance between parallel piers from the lake to this basın.

The harbor here is to be created upon a shallow exposed coast, and will not begin to be available for commercial purposes until the piers can be sufficiently extended into the lake to allow the entrance to be dredged with hope of permanency, and the basin excavated.

There has been expended on this harbor up to June 30, 1885, $64,245.84.

During the year ending June 30, 1885, the north pier has been extended into the lake 298 livear feet, and piles purchased and stored sufficient to complete this pier.

It is proposed to apply the balance now available to the completion of 32 linear feet of the north pier and to the maintenance of existing work.

The amount asked for the year ending June 30, 1887, is needed to complete the pier-work at the entrance to the basin, and for dredging in the entrance and basin. The work is very much exposed, and it is advisable for the sake of economy to proceed rapidly with it. The allvance of the fore-shore and the filling in with drifting sand is rapid. The cost will be materially increased by delay, and the work already done, being of wood, will deteriorate without benefit therefrom if not made available by sufficient progress.

The estimated cost of the work to be done is $91,000, excluding present balances. July 1, 1884, amount available ...

$798 34 Amount appropriated by act approved July 1884

20,000 00

20, 793 54

July 1, 1885, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of outstanding

liabilities July 1, 1804....

15, 044 38

July 1, 1887, amount available......

5, 754 16

( Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project.

91, 000 00 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal yearending June 30, 1897 75, 000 00 Submitted in compliance with requirements of section 2 of river and

harbor acts of 1860 and 1867. (See Appendix I I 5.)

6. For and Wisconsin rirers, Wisconsin.—The works for the improrement of the Fox and Wisconsin rivers were purchased by the United States from the Green Bay and Mississippi Canal Company in 1872. These works were all, except one stone lock, temporary structures, many of them in bad condition. There was no low-water navigation on the Upper Fox, and on the Lower Fox navigation was uncertain.

The adopted project contemplated the replacing of the temporary structures with permanent works, the construction of tive additional stone locks on the Upper Fox, and widening and deepening the channels throughout the river and canals to 6 feet depth and 100 feet width. The estimate, including the Wisconsin River, made in 1874 and 1376, was $3,7:5,663, since which time there has been appropriated $1,780,000, leaving for completion of the adopted project $1,965,663.

The amount expended on the improvement of the Fox and Wisconsin rivers from 1867 to date is $2,480,562.85, and for operating and care of cabals and other works of navigation applied to Fox and Wiscousin rivers during the fiscal year ending Jue 30, 1885, $46,687.40.

The result of this expenditure bas been

1. On the Fox kirer.—The construction of thirteen new locks of stone; twelve dams, four of which are temporary; twelve cut-offs ; 10 miles of canals dredged and deepened; stone cut for one additional lock and for sluice.ways and abutments of one dam. Over 2,000,000 cubic yards of material have been dredged from the Upper Fox, and all temporary structures repaired and maintained in working order. The navigation has thus been made con inuous throughout the season from Portage to Green Bay, there being 3 feet navigation on the Upper Fox and 5 feet on the Lower Fox, except at the entrance to Lake Winnebago, where there is only 41 feet.

The old locks are fast becoming unserviceable, demanding in some cases immediate extensive repairs or replacement.

There remain to be built twelve locks, eight dams, five guard-locks, weirs, or sluices in all dams not provided with them, deepening navi. gation to 6 feet throughout and widening the channels to 100 feet, erecting lock-tenders' dwellings, and strengthening and paving caual banks.

2. On the l'isconsin Kiver:--The method adopted has been to contract the channel-way by wing-dams of brush and stone to give increased depth by conceutrating the water and by scour due to the increased currents. To date, 108,312 linear feet of wing-dams have been constructed over a distance of 50 miles, of which a section 9.2 miles in length below

.