and no arch could be predetermined unless you extracted one of the teeth. There was a discrepancy in the tooth material. We tried the arches with various overbites, changing the arch form, but no arch could be formed without the removal of one of the teeth. We therefore formed an arch with three lower incisors and those teeth are being set up by an expert in anatomical articulation. He will set the molar teeth first, and when he gets around to the incisor region those three incisors will exactly fill the gap. We gave him the exact arch width, and he will have exactly the amount of space to put in three lower incisors. A report of that case will be published shortly.

Dr. Murlless. Do I understand that these teeth have been considered in perfect occlusion by the man who brought them to you?

Dr. Stanton. No, we gathered that; he did not say so.

The President. Why there should be any rancor or question about Dr. Stanton's sincerity I do not know, and I think that should be eliminated. I would entertain a motion that a committee be appointed to look into this matter. It only seems fair that any one of us who develops a thing worthy of consideration should have fair treatment.

Dr. Murlless. This matter in regard to the skulls is one in which we must all have misunderstood Dr. Stanton. Such being the case, I think the question really rests with him. He has reached the point where we can see what he is working for, notwithstanding the reluctance of some of us to accept this method in toto, and without evidence that exists only in his mind. Whether Dr. Stanton would like us to give him a final indorsement or not is largely his pleasure.

Dr. Stanton. I do not want any final indorsement, but I would like a test.

Dr. Hawley. I cannot see any need for an official test. If he is going to help us, let us receive it, and make all we can of it; but I cannot see that an official indorsement of a committee of three individuals will amount to much.

Dr. Young. As I saw the slides on

the screen this morning, every arch that Dr. Stanton showed seemed to me to be what I would say excessively wide in the cuspid region. I am not prepared to say it is not right, because I do not know; but if I treated my patients in that way, and gave them that kind of dental arches, I think I would have a great deal of dissatisfaction.

The second point is what he said about the determination of the overbite. I have come to the conclusion that the determination of the proper amount of overbite in the incisal region is the most difficult problem in all orthodontia, and I am firmly convinced that orthodontic. treatment should be completed by the time the bicuspid and cuspid are in position; I cannot see how it can be determined before, unless some sort of radiograph is used. If Dr. Stanton can show us the amount of normal overbite in the incisal region, then I say he is a wizard.

Dr. Kelsey. I accepted Dr. Stanton's proposal and sent him a pair of models. I am endeavoring with appliances to produce exactly the arch forms indicated by the survey chart sent me. In the few months it has been under way, it has progressed very satisfactorily, but I have not yet reached the completion of the case. I only mention this because I think the time has come when anyone can test it out for himself, and perhaps that is one of the best ways of getting at the true value of the procedure.

The President. I have heard Dr. Stanton say that he would survey for charitable institutions. I do not know whether he would consider this organization as a charitable institution, but if he would open his doors to us, and extend an invitation to the men to have an individual trial, I think probably it would go far to satisfy the minds of the men as to the efficiency of his plan of procedure.

Dr. Stanton. I should be very glad to do that, although I can hardly say I consider this institution a charitable one!

A vote of thanks was tendered to Dr. Stanton for his presentation.

The President next introduced Dr. FLOYD S. MUCKEY, New York City, who gave a lecture and demonstration on "Phonation."

The next item on the program was the reading of a paper by Prof. WILLIAM

KING GREGORY, New York City, on "The Evolution of the Human Face."

[This paper will be published in an early issue of the DENTAL COSMOS.-ED.] The society then adjourned. (To be continued.)

FRIDAY-Evening Session.

An informal banquet was held at the Powers Hotel, on Friday evening, at 7 c'clock. There was a large attendance, and a most enjoyable entertainment was provided. Dr. H. J. Burkhart acted as toastmaster.

Dr. BURKHART. I wish to express, on behalf of the committee in charge, their very great pleasure and gratification in seeing so many present tonight. It is a most unusual thing for a State Society banquet to have over two hundred in attendance, and this marks a new era in State Society affairs.

I hope the dinner will be one of the functions at each annual meeting, in order to give the members an opportunity to get together, not for the purpose of listening to ten or fifteen toasts, but to listen to the two or three speakers specially selected for the occasion, and for another purpose which will be most pleasing to you. I want to personally I want to personally congratulate the Local Committee on the splendid work they have been doing at this meeting, and I think you all have your hats off to the chairman of the Exhibit Committee, Dr. Link.

I take very great pleasure in presenting to you a gentleman who really does not need to be presented, because he has the right to present himself-our friend

from Buffalo, the president of the New York State Dental Society, Dr. Murray. PRESENTATION OF FELLOWSHIP MEDAL.

Dr. Murray, on behalf of the society, in presenting the Fellowship Medal to Dr. James R. Callahan, Cincinnati, Ohio, spoke as follows:

Dr. MURRAY. Dr. Callahan,-One of the important and delightful functions of our State Society meetings, made possible by one of our most highly esteemed and beloved members, Dr. Jarvie, is the ceremony of electing Fellows of the Dental Society of the State of New York.

Section 26 of the By-laws provides that

The Committee on Nomination of Fellows shall, at each annual meeting, recommend to the Council the name of a dentist who, in their judgment, has contributed results of original research, or of one whose high attainments and high standing have been of such character as to have materially aided and advanced the science and art of dentistry.

of the Wm. Jarvie Fellowship Gold Medal Fund.

By the authority vested in it by the by-law just read, this society has been signally honored in the past by being permitted in this impressive and tangible manner to honor some of the greatest scientists, some of the noblest and most lovable characters, in the dental profession on this continent.

To be permitted to have one's name enrolled as a Fellow of this society may not mean much to a man whose soul is aflame with devotion to his profession and whose time is fully occupied with the arduous and exacting duties of professional life; but to be permitted to have one's name added to the roster that bears the names of of Black, Brophy, Darby, Jarvie, Miller, Talbot, Cryer, Jenkins, Andrews, Perry, Truman, Carr, Johnson, and Jackson is a distinguished honor devoutly to be desired, and an ample reward for a lifetime spent in the service of dentistry and humanity.

In selecting you, Dr. Callahan, as the 1917 candidate to receive this special mark of our esteem and love, the Committee on Nomination of Fellows had in mind your valuable services to dental science, and the self-sacrificing manner in which you have labored toward the solution of some of the most perplexing problems of our profession.

Your efforts toward the standardization of root-canal technique have placed your name high up on the roll of honor among scientific investigators, and have won for you well-merited praise and recognition by organized dentistry throughout the world.

Of your past life, history informs us that you received a high-school education in Hillsboro, Ohio, a country town of 3000 inhabitants, near Cincinnati.

Being the son of an old-fashioned family physician with office and residence combined, you had ample opportunity to develop latent talent, which pastime took the form of rolling blue-mass pills, putting up quinin powders, reading medicine, and assisting in the surgical work that came to the office. It was here also

you received your first instructions in sterilization, where hands and instruments were usually sterilized in the same basin or bucket or whatever was most convenient.

After being graduated from the Philadelphia Dental College in the class of 1876-77, and working in an office in San Francisco for about three years, you located in your home town, and in 1889 moved to Cincinnati, where during the early years of practice you took special courses in the medical college. On account of your deep interest in matters pertaining to your profession you were called upon and served your state and local societies in official capacities for more than twenty-five years. Your first important contribution to dental literature that commanded attention was a paper read before the Ohio State Dental Society in December 1893, entitled "Sulfuric Acid for the Opening of Rootcanals." This paper, with slight modifications, was read before the New Jersey State Society in 1894.

About this time your researches on tin and gold in definite proportions for filling a certain class of cavities attracted attention.

Your more recent contributions to dental literature were papers entitled "Rosin as an Adjuvant in Root-canal Filling," read in New York City in 1914, "Root-canal Preparations," read in Brooklyn and Boston in 1915, and "Branching of Pulp-canals and Multiple Foramina," read before the National Dental Association at a later date.

These valuable additions to dental literature were the cause of your selection to fill more honorable and arduous positions relative to the prosecution of scientific investigations in the field of dentistry, hence your appointment to membership on the medical staff of the Cincinnati General Hospital as director of the dental clinic; and, as a mark of esteem and confidence of the National Dental Association, you were made a director of dental research on "Rootcanal Problems" under the auspices of the National Dental Research Institute. The character of a man is often

judged by the company he keeps, and there is no better company than good books, and in this connection it is not surprising to learn that you have in your possession one of the most complete privately owned dental libraries in the United States.

It is said that every man has a hobby. This has the effect of not only maintaining a well-balanced mental equilibrium, but in your case furnished a profitable diversion from the exacting duties of professional life. We are credibly informed that your particular hobby is chicken-raising, in the prosecution of which you have accumulated some interesting data on this subject.

The best means of determining a man's worth is the esteem in which he is held by those with whom he associates, and it is not surprising to learn that Dr. J. R. Callahan is a great favorite not only in his home city but throughout

the entire continent.

This society congratulates you on the honor and distinction that has come to you in your efforts to serve humanity, and I esteem it a peculiar privilege and pleasure on behalf of organized dentistry in this state to present to you the Wm. Jarvie Gold Medal, and proclaim you a Fellow of the Dental Society of the State of New York, and we as a society greatly appreciate the opportunity this occasion affords of expressing to you in this manner our love and esteem for the great service you have rendered the profession of dentistry and to suffering humanity.

Dr. CALLAHAN, in accepting the medal, said:

It affords me a great deal of pleasure to announce to you that I have been informed that I am expected to make about a three-minute speech, because of the very full program for the evening. Not only should the speech be brief, but possibly it should be of the character that was indicated by a letter I received a short time ago from a Northwestern society, inviting me to come to their state meeting to read a paper, and saying they would pay my railroad fare and hotel

bill. It was signed by the chairman of the executive committee, and it had as a postscript the following: "We would expect the paper to be worth the money it costs us.' I replied on that occasion. that I did not think I had anything that was worth the money, and I did not go.

On this occasion perhaps I should have said I had nothing that was worth the expense, but still I came.

The endowment of the Jarvie Fellowship I suppose was for the purpose of encouraging study on the part of the dentists, in order that we might better understand some of the problems that confront us. In my early life, when I first began to study dentistry, I received. my first encouragement from a member of this society. It was before the old Mississippi Valley Association that I read a paper-my first paper. Jonathan Taft was present, and William H. Atkinson, and perhaps my friend Dr. Hoff, who is with us tonight. I think Dr. Hoff was just about able to walk alone at that time. Being my first attempt, and being quite a young boy, when I sat down I was in a perspiration, and I wished the floor would open up and swallow me. Dr. Atkinson came and sat near me, and put his hand on my shoulder, and said, "My dear boy, you are doing very well. Go on and study and work. Make the effort, and some day you will be able to write a good paper." [Laughter.]

Now Dr. Atkinson's society, the New York State Dental Society, has called me up and has said, "You are doing very well; keep it up."

If I do not appear to place proper estimate or value upon what has occurred in the last few moments, it is simply because I have not the words that are adequate to express my feelings, but I assure you I appreciate it very deeply. I feel that a greater honor has been conhope for. I thank you from the botferred upon me than I ever dared to tom of my heart, and I promise you I will endeavor to keep up the work as best I can.

Dr. BURKHART. I have the great pleasure of breaking a little news to you,

and of introducing the president of this society for the coming year, in the person of the president-elect of the Dental Society of the State of New York-Dr. Amos C. Rich of Saratoga Springs.

Dr. RICH. Mr. Chairman, brother members, and friends,—I appreciate this high honor more than I can say. My feelings are beyond what I could express to you. I hope I may be able to fill this office to the expectations of the members of this society, but to do that, I ask each and every one of you, and those who are not present tonight, to help me; and in turn I promise you to do the best that is within me. I thank you very much.

Dr. BURKHART. We would like to have a word from an old friend who has honored us with his presence tonight. He has been a guest of the Dental Society of the State of New York for many years.

I take great pleasure in asking my good friend Dr. Gaylord to address you.

Dr. E. S. GAYLORD, New Haven, Conn. Mr. Toastmaster and gentlemen,—It is quite a surprise to me to be called upon; but if ever I felt I would like to be able to make a speech, it is just at this moment. To be asked to be present at such a gathering as this is indeed a privilege that is well worth living for. To be able to attend for many years, as I have, your state meetings is always a privilege; to me it seems a duty, and I have often said I cannot afford to stay away.

It is a great satisfaction to be able to Say even word before such an audience as this. I knew before I came here that a good program would be presented. It is to be greatly regretted that that program has been interrupted, but the method of its interruption we all indorse for the sake of our dearly beloved country.

Now to digress a bit. I am known as the famous beggar of the National Association Relief Fund. I represent that committee, and I shall say just a word. relative to that, because it is one of the things nearest to my heart. I want to live long enough to see $50,000 in the

treasury, and then we will begin to aid the poor fellows who are suffering. Nearly half that sum is already in bank. The great work of the last year on your part has stimulated your committee to make efforts beyond former years, and if we all keep up in the manner we are doing I hope this great calamity which has come over us will not interfere with it-one year more will complete that sum of $50,000.

I also want to extend to you our thanks in aiding us so nobly in purchasing the Christmas seals.

The society then adjourned.

SATURDAY-Morning Session.

The meeting was called to order by the president, Dr. Murray, at 11 A.M.

The PRESIDENT. We have about arrived at the end of our program, and it may with truth be said that we are about to consider one of the most importantif not the most important item on our program-the paper by one of our own members, Dr. JOHN R. CALLAHAN of Cincinnati, Ohio, who will speak to us on the subject of "Logical Asepsis in Dental Practice."

31 of the present issue of the DENTAL [This paper is printed in full at page COSMOS.]

DISCUSSION.

Dr. A. R. Cooke, Syracuse. It is undoubtedly true that our dental offices, as offices, are poorly arranged for the purpose. We have too many hangings, too many oriental rugs, too many domestic rugs, too many dust-catchers, too many dirty corners, too much rubbish lying around, and we are not careful enough in other ways. The only way of correcting my own errors would be to throw all the equipment I have in the scrap-heap, rent a new office, and begin at the foundation, for I want an office that can be cleaned. I want an office which I am not dependent upon the janitor of the block to come in and clean for me.

We have gone at the question of sterilization in a very haphazard way. We