our further activities were turned over to the Board of Trustees. At the next meeting of the board, on account of the sudden illness of Dr. Hinman, I was appointed chairman of the Preparedness Committee. Dr. Hinman had collected a small sum for the purposes of the organization. Total receipts as reported to me, by our treasurer Dr. J. B. Goodall, was $346.00, the expenditures being $344.05, leaving a balance of $1.95. Our secretary, Dr. J. C. Forsyth, has the data. Dr. Goodall is in the service, and has requested me to make the report for him.

On account of the complicated procedure required, our men have not made a detailed report of the work done for recruits. Heretofore they did not think it necessary. However, we now have a system (a franked card, form 3-D), devised by Dr. Ash, that will facilitate the matter, and hereafter our work for the registrants will be recorded as it is in other states, and we will make a better showing, on paper.

Camp Dix is prepared to do all kinds of dental work. Dr. Albray and I went down a few weeks ago, and we found a wonderful establishment-all that could possibly be desired. The men are furnished with all the modern facilities of a dental office, even to the wonderful S. S. White nitrous oxid and oxygen machine.

On motion the convention adjourned until the evening session at 8 o'clock.

WEDNESDAY-Evening Session. President Albray called the meeting to order at 8.30 o'clock.

The PRESIDENT. I take pleasure in introducing to you Dr. Charles F. Ash, New York City, Director-general for the United States, Preparedness League of American Dentists.

Dr. CHARLES F. ASH. Mr. Chairman and gentlemen,-From New Jersey we have received records of 234 operations. It is almost unfair to New Jersey to print the records of the operations, for the reason that I am satisfied you have

done many thousand operations, and you should have the full credit for it. The people in the other states do not know that you are doing the work as I do. When we read the record, or the report, and see 234 operations as all that is credited to New Jersey-just a couple of hundred operations, whereas the other states have been doing some thousands

it is not the kind of showing that should be made in justice to the men who are doing the work.

There have been several different types of form cards that have been sent out. Here is a card that we had used for this purpose [card produced]. I have endeavored to simplify the cards so as to make them more simple, and make a minimum amount of work in recording the operation, and this card which you will receive now is the one Dr. Stevens has asked me to send to you through the local directors of the League. There is no return portion on it. Either these will be handed out to the registrant, and he will be referred to the dentist who will do the work, or else he will receive this notification card through the mail. The applicant then is given a dental examination. After the card gets into the hands of the registrant he takes it to the man who is going to do the work for him, and the dentist will be instructed how to use these cards. This circular [exhibiting] contains instructions to dentists, and you are requested to read it very carefully. This card is well adapted for a record for a Government report. Turn it over and draw a single line through the address of the registrant, and then mail at once; no stamp is needed. In this lower corner, on the other side of the card, you will observe it says, "Notice to Postmaster: When the address on this card has been cancelled, please deliver to 50 East 42d st., New York City." It is a simple matter to record your operations here. You can sign the card, scratch out the address, and drop it in the mail-box, and by so doing we will be able to have these records for the Surgeon-general's Office, and we will be able to give to the New

Jersey Dental Society the credit which it so justly deserves.

The PRESIDENT. I trust that every man in the room understands the proposition, and that you will all follow the speaker's instructions, for the good of the profession and for the good of the men making up our fighting forces.

We have with us tonight Mr. SAMUEL G. SUPPLEE of New York, who will favor us with a lecture on the subject of "Classification of Tissue Conditions for Convenience in Discussing Prosthetic Problems."

[This paper is printed in full at page 996 of this issue of the DENTAL CosMOS.]

The President next introduced Dr. THOMAS G. ALLER of Philadelphia, who addressed the society on the subject of "War Surgery," as follows:

War Surgery.

Dr. THOMAS G. ALLER, Philadelphia, Pa.

Mr. President and gentlemen,—I am sure that the well-known saying of General Sherman has been very forcibly brought home to us all during the present war. However, as we know, from evil sometimes comes good, and through all this war we ought to be as optimistic as we possibly can, and see the several things that have been given to us, particularly in the arts and the sciences, and especially in dentistry and surgery.

Looking back over the history of surgery, there are really three great periods: First, the period from its incipiency up to the time of Ambroise Paré and Larry, who were surgeons of Napoleon's army. Up to that time it was very academic; there was very little in the way of surgery, or anything called by that name, that was of service in the army. They were the orignators of the system, in a way, that we have today. If some of the cases we have pictures of tonight had been found on the battle-field at that time, undoubtedly they would have been condemned to death. At that time if a man was mutilated about the face and

jaws to such an extent that it looked as if he could never recover, they deliberately put the man to death. At the present time, however, a very large percentage of such cases are saved; when a man is found on the battle-field showing any signs of life, of course he is taken care of and every facility is afforded him to be restored.

After the time of Ambroise Paré there was no particular advance until Lister, who brought out antiseptic surgery and thus was developed the aseptic surgery of the present.

From that time up to the beginning of the present war no further great step had been taken-or no great advance made. Certain instruments had been devised and operations planned and carried out, but nothing of such decided importance as the things that are now being brought out, namely, the speedier handling of wounded and the shortening of the time of the healing of a wound. Reports come from different parts of Europe showing the wonderful progress that has been made, and giving statistics. The question arose as to just what was the cause of some men's getting good results in various areas by certain methods? Was it the technique, or the medicaments they used? It was found that there was one factor common to all the men that got the good results-they were men who saw all their cases early.

If a case is seen within three hours after being wounded, or at the outside. not beyond eight hours, there is a very much better chance for early recovery, or recovery without infection, because by that time the germs are still superficial. True it is that the tissue is frequently very severely lacerated and contused, and if given time it will undoubtedly slough away. The fact of getting cases early allows the surgeon to cut away that tissue, or the part that is so badly bruised, and cut away at the same time the superficial infection.

I now want to show you some slides and bring out several points-one of great importance, namely, the importance that dentistry and oral surgery has attained in this war; also to show

you the difference between the older and newer methods that is, allowing wounds to heal by cicatrization, or immediate surgical interference. The new idea of seeing cases as early as possible is of greatest importance. Therefore the Surgeon-general has formed units composed of a head surgeon, eye surgeon, nose-and-throat surgeon, an oral surgeon, and two dental surgeons. That constitutes what is called a "head" unit; these head units are sent out to the hospitals where they will be able to see and treat the cases within a few hours, preferably three hours, after they are wounded, and in that way save very materially the length of time the men must remain in the hospital. [At this point Dr. Aller threw pictures on the screen.]

On motion, duly seconded, a vote of thanks was tendered to Dr. Supplee and Dr. Aller for the interesting papers read to the convention.

On motion, the convention adjourned until the Thursday morning session at 9 o'clock.

THURSDAY-Morning Session. President Albray called the meeting to order at 10 o'clock.

The PRESIDENT. The next order of business is the election of officers.

Dr. HOPKINS. Before we proceed with the election, Mr. President, I rise as a special privilege. I would like to present a resolution. The members here see a beautiful service flag on the wall behind the president's chair, which was made. and presented to us by the wife of one of our members. I move a rising vote of thanks to that lady, Mrs. Wm. H. Gelston of Camden, for making and presenting to the society that beautiful service flag; also that the secretary be instructed to present this resolution to her.

The motion was seconded and unanimously carried.

ELECTION OF OFFICERS.

The next business in order was the election of officers for the ensuing year, which resulted as follows:

President-Dr. George W. Wakeley.
Vice-president-Dr. Charles F. Jones.
Secretary Dr. John C. Forsyth.
Treasurer-Dr. Joseph G. Halsey.

Delegate to National Dental AssociationDr. Wm. E. Truex. Alternate, Dr. E. Stillwell.

Nominations for Examining Board-Dr. Chas. A. Spahn, Dr. Thos. J. McLernon, Dr. Eugene Griggs, Dr. Wm. I. Thompson, Dr. Wm. H. Gelston, Dr. Geo. H. Grim.

Dr. BARRY. I move that the names of the six men selected by the society be sent to the Governor, and be recommended to the Governor, from which he shall select two men for the places of the retiring members of the State Board, and that no comment shall be made with respect to any of the men. (Motion carried.)

Board of Trustees.

The following names were submitted by the component societies:

Atlantic: Dr. M. P. Shoemaker.
Bergen: Dr. Walter A. Tracy.
Central: Dr. Edward C. Stillwell.
Clinical: Dr. R. B. Van Gieson.
Hudson: Dr. Chas. Faupel.
Mercer: Dr. Geo. W. Wilkens.
Middlesex: Dr. W. W. Hodges.
Monmouth: Dr. Frank L. Manning.
Passaic: Dr. Chas. A. Rice.

Plainfield: Dr. Frank T. Clawson.
Southern: Dr. Wm. H. Gelston.
Tri-County: Dr. L. R. Fritts.
Union: Dr. J. A. Jones.

RESOLUTION REQUESTED BY EXHIBITORS.

Dr. LEONARD. Mr. President, I desire to offer the following resolution of the exhibitors at this meeting:

Whereas, Dr. Wm. H. Gelston has shown such faithful and impartial activities toward the exhibitors, to make the forty-eighth annual convention of the New Jersey State Dental Society a success, displaying at all times unselfish zeal and tireless labor in their behalf; therefore be it

RESOLVED, That the exhibitors do hereby tender to Dr. Gelston a vote of deep appreciation and thanks, together with the assurance of their continued. best wishes and endorsement.

This is signed by forty-nine exhibitors.

On motion of Dr. LEONARD, the resolution was unanimously adopted by the convention.

Dr. GELSTON. Mr. President, I deeply appreciate the kindness embodied in this resolution, signed by the exhibitors of this convention. There is nothing that would repay me more than that. I hope that everything I do during the remainder of this convention will meet with the same reception, and that I shall have the same hearty co-operation that I have had in the past. I sincerely thank all who have had anything to do with this resolution.

said that he sincerely hoped the time was not far distant when the dental profession would be recognized as a branch or arm of the medical profession. At that time we had great trouble in getting the medical profession to recognize anything that was more than simply mechanical dental work, but by persistent effort on the part of such men as Dr. Broomell and other writers and lecturers in the field of dentistry, the medical and dental professions have awakened to the responsibility and the magnitude of this subject, and today the pendulum has begun to swing the other way. I was glad to see Dr. Broomell caution against its swinging too far, as I think we have become a little crazed on this subject of tooth infection. It has always existed, but in my dental education the principal "bugs" we knew of were bedbugs and potato-bugs. We have heard of infections, but of course it comes a little hard

THURSDAY-Evening Session. President Albray called the meeting

to order at 8.30 o'clock.

The PRESIDENT. We are very greatly favored this evening in having with us Dr. I. NORMAN BROOMELL of Philadelphia, Professor of Dental Anatomy and Clinical Dentistry, Philadelphia Dental College, who will read a paper entitled "Dentist or Stomatologist ?"

[This paper is printed in full at page 980 of the present issue of the DENTAL COSMOS.]

DISCUSSION.

Dr. W. T. Wyckoff, Philadelphia. I have been very much pleased with and impressed by Dr. Broomell's paper, and being one of the older men of the profession, I am carried back to the time when dentistry was only slightly recognized by the medical profession. In fact, I distinctly remember that upon the night of our graduating dinner a promient physician, a noted specialist in Philadelphia, made an address in which he

VOL. LX.-70

of those things in the light that they should be thought of. I agree that we should accept this broader sense. There is no doubt in my mind that we should be entitled to go farther than we really have in this matter of oral surgery, because the dentist is better prepared to handle these cases than many a physician, as he has opportunities to more closely observe them.

Dr. Chas. S. Hardy, Newark, N. J. Mr. President, I enjoyed listening to Dr. Broomell's paper very much indeed. I think his ideas are a step in the right direction, and I think that at the present time the medical profession is giving us a great deal of recognition. I think they all appreciate that dentistry today is a part of the medical profession, and I believe that as far as teeth are concerned we are a great factor in the conservation of the health of the people, and of great assistance to the medical men in many instances, in successfully diagnosing and treating conditions which they have formerly battled with and have failed to get results. I hope the time will come, as Dr. Broomell says, when we receive a degree such as D.S. or M.D.S. or some other degree that will put us on a differ

ent basis. I think the dental profession should push this matter strenuously, as it would not only result in recognition to a greater extent by the public and put us on a higher plane in their estimation, but we would have a better standing with the medical profession as a whole if we had a degree signifying special knowledge of the closely allied dental and medical subjects.

Dr. R. H. Riethmueller, New York City. I was very much impressed with the essayist's paper and its intention, but I cannot help feeling that the question of importance for the dental profession is not so much a change in degree, but a change in the quality of work. Dentistry has branched out into so many specialties that it is practically impossible for a practitioner to be a past-master in all its phases, and each practitioner should strive to perfect himself in the work for which he is best adapted. Take, for instance, the specialty of oral surgery, in which special interest is being taken by a great many practitioners today-no doubt owing to the impetus of the wonderful work that is being done in connection with the war. But even before that time a great many men began to specialize in oral surgery, attracted by the possibility of higher fees.

The medical profession readily saw the tendency of modern dentistry toward specialization, and has fully given it its support and co-operation. A wonderful A wonderful illustration of the work that is being performed by oral surgeons was given this audience last night by Dr. Aller. What a wonderful task the dentist is now performing in the restoration of human wrecks to a semblance of human appearance and the possibility to continue to live in comparative health and comfort! The war films which we are to see will give us even a clearer conception of the extent of the wonderful work that is done near and behind the firing line, especially by the French, which will not surprise us when we remember the name of Claude Martin, the "father" of "immediate prosthesis."

The dental profession may well be proud of the wonderful services that it

is performing today, and when the annals of this world-war are written, dentistry will surely occupy a very prominent place therein.

Dr. Wm. G. Chase, Philadelphia. This question of stomatology, or the degree under which we work, is a question that has been agitated by the dental profession for a great many years. I can go back to the time (1885) when I was a student in the Philadelphia Dental College, where we treated lesions of the mouth and head under the supervision of Dr. James E. Garretson, whom the older men knew and loved. I know how this subject from one time to another has been brought up, and I agree with the previous speaker that it is not a question of changing the degree conferred upon a dentist, but it is a question of fitting ourselves and preparing ourselves to take the positions we should occupy. We talk about the degree of M.D. What does it mean? Doctor of Medicine. It does not take a man any longer to become proficient as a doctor of medicine than to become proficient in oral surgery or as a dentist. I tell young men to make this, our chosen profession, as illustrious and as great as that of the older profession. I hold an M.D. degree, but I do not put it after my name because I do not practice general medicine. D.D.S. is good enough for me. I think Dr. Broomell means to teach us to broaden ourselves.

Dr. Arthur Zentler, New York City. It seems to me that the essayist intended to make a distinction between "dentist" and "stomatologist," and that the point was to know whether the man who passes the D.D.S. examination must confine himself absolutely to the treating of teeth, as it has been in the past, or whether he may go beyond this limit and engage in the treatment of all the adjacent tissues of the oral cavity.

Possibly in the past years most men have done no more than treat teeth, and it is therefore a question, as has been said here, of their equipping themselves with the necessary knowledge to be able to do that which the degree which they receive implies, whether it be a D.D.S.