VALUES OF FARM PRODUCTIONS AND WAGES-1870. From the Tables of the Ninth Census. Total-U. S.. 2,447,538,658 398,956,376 36,808,277 20,719,229 47,335,189 310,286,285 NOTE.-The Census of Agriculture in the United States must be received with many grains of allowance, because of the very imperfect character of the forms or schedules under which it was taken. The schedule required the products of each farm in the United States for the year ending June 1. But there is no agricultural year ending June 1. Moreover, there were excluded from the enumeration the produce of all farms of less than three acres in extent, unless producing vegetables, etc., to the amount of $500, or upwards, in value. Very large products must therefore have been excluded from the Census of Agriculture by its very terms. STATISTICS OF AMERICAN AGRICULTURE. THE following statistics of the agricultural products of the United States represent the leading crops for a series of years since 1870. For the year 1869 we have the figures of the census of 1870, which are the result of a detailed enumeration taken by the United States marshals and their deputies as to the amount of land under tillage, and the quantity of each crop produced during the agricultural year 1869. The figures here given for each year since do not represent a census of agriculture, but the estimates made up by the Department of Agriculture from the returns received through its correspondents in all parts of the country. These correspondents estimate the area in specific crops, and from their own experience and judgment form an opinion of the condition of the plant of each crop from month to month, and ultimately of the quantities produced. These returns are recorded, and the records prepared by counties are summed up and averaged at the Agricultural Department, and the averages corrected by a duplicate record, in which the difference in the productive value of the counties is considered. To cite the language of the Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture," the corrected result stands as an average, not inevitably of the whole State, but of such portion, half or two thirds, or whatever area is reported of the entire State.' While the results cannot possess the authority of an accurate census, they are all that we have since 1870, except in a few States where agricultural statistics are collected by law. Crops of Principal Cereals in the United States, 1870-1877. [Condensed from the Reports of the Commissioner of Agriculture.] Table showing the average cash value per acre of the principal crops of the farm, taken together, in each State, for the year 1877. [From the Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture for 1877.] PRINCIPAL CEREAL PRODUCTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1870. STATES AND TERRITORIES. The U.S... 1 Alabama.. 2 Arizona.. 3 Arkansas 4 California 5 Colorado. 6 Connecticut. Bushels. Bushels. Bushels. Bushels. Bushels. Bushels. 287,745,626 760,944,549 282,107,157 29,761,305 16,918,795 9,821,721 1,055 048 16,977,948 7 Dakota.. 170,662 133,140 29 New Hampshire 228,866 9,660 55,916 295,452 1,146,451 105,822 310 47,420 935 100,034 30 New Jersey.. 2,301,433 566,775 353,983 31 New Mexico 32 New York. 67,660 3,876 33 North Carolina 34 Ohio.. 35 Oregon 36 Pennsylvania. 37 Rhode Island. 38 South Carolina.. 39 Tennessee 40 Texas. 8,745,384 4,009,830 8,283 352,822 640,823 12,178,472 16,462,825 35,293,625 7,434,621 2,478,125 3,904,030 2,859,879 18,454,215 3,220,105 3,186 27,882,159 67,501,144 25,347,549 1,715,221 2,340,746 72,138 2,029,909 19,672,967 34,702,006 36,478,585 784 311,957 157,010 25,606,344 15,033,998 20,180,016 1,645,019 1,325,294 408,897 287,745,626 760,944,519 282,107,157 29,761,305 16,918,795 9,821,721 NOTE. The production of the six cereals above named, at the two preceding censuses, was as follows: Bushels. Bushels. Bushels. Bushels. Bushels. Bushels. 100,485,944 592,071.104 146,584,179 5,167.015 14,188,813 8,956.912 173,104,924 838,792,742 172,643,185 15,825,898 21,101,380 17,571,818 Tons of Tons of 2,240 lbs. 2,240 lbs. Tons of 2,240 lbs. 296,250 241,420 241,411 1863. 284,308 231,398 192,660 345,809 383,178 1867. 1868. 1869. 400,568 378,068 119,031 1860... 1871 633,314 553,714 79,600 1871. 69,800 1872. 1876. Gallons. Gallons. Gallons. 47,318,877 28,724,205 18,594,672 40,191,556 20,383,556 19,808,000 62,668,400 25,650,400 37,018,000 37,569,088 26,569,088 11,000,000 32,410,325 28,582,325 3,828,000 35,185,038 34,335,038 850,000 45,140,110 43,840,110 1,300,000 49,776,465 46,776,465 3,000,000 55,957,969 52,587,969 3,370,000 54,361,092 47,961,092 6,400,000 49,323,171 42,723,171 6,600,000 52,065,784 41,165,784 10,900,000 53,695,203 42,995,203 10,700,000 51,485,526 41,985,526 9,500,000 48,206,257 39,506,257 8,700,000 58,608,734 46,418,734 12,190,000 48,809,504 36,459,504 12,350,000 39,965,906 27,065,906 11,900,000 614,170] 71,500 1878.... 43,812,509 28,662,509 15,150,000 The average weight of the hogshead is reckoned at 1,137 pounds net. |